树突状细胞疫苗的免疫学效应实验研究
2015-01-31郭路生张丽娜杨宁江
郭路生 张丽娜 杨宁江
树突状细胞疫苗的免疫学效应实验研究
郭路生1张丽娜2杨宁江1
【摘要】目的 探讨树突状细胞疫苗的免疫学效应和抑瘤机制。方法 制备负载MB 49细胞粗提全抗原的DC疫苗;建立小鼠MB 49膀胱癌皮下移植瘤模型。造模后第7 d、14 d,疫苗组小鼠于右前腋皮下注射疫苗,PBS对照组相应注射PBS,正常组正常饲养。造模第21 d,流式细胞术检测小鼠脾CD 4+、CD 4+CD 69+T细胞数;取分离后的T细胞培养48 h,取上清,ELISA法检测IFN-γ水平。应用免疫组化方法检测瘤组织内CD 4+、CD 8+细胞数。结果 小鼠脾CD 4+、CD 4+CD 69+细胞数,DC疫苗组高于PBS对照组和正常组,P<0.01,差异具有统计学意义。(其中1组P<0.05)。T细胞培养上清IFN-γ水平,DC疫苗组高于PBS对照组和正常组,P<0.01,差异具有统计学意义。瘤组织内CD 4+、CD 8+T细胞数,DC疫苗组高于PBS对照组,P<0.01,差异具有统计学意义。结论 DC 2.4疫苗刺激T细胞活化和增殖,使脾内CD 4+、CD 4+CD 69+细胞数增加,IFN-γ分泌增多,同时趋化迁移至瘤组织的CD 4+、CD 8+T细胞数增多,使模型小鼠自身杀伤清除肿瘤细胞能力增强,从而抑制了模型小鼠肿瘤的生长。
【关键词】树突状细胞疫苗;流式细胞术;ELISA;
作者单位:1 132013吉林,吉林医药学院附属医院;2 132013吉林,吉林医药学院护理学院
基金资助:吉林市科技计划项目(201133103)
Experimental Study of Immunology Domino Effect on Dendritic Cell Vaccine
GUO Lusheng1ZHANG Li'na2YANG Ningjiang11 the Affiliated Hospital of Jilin Medical College, Jilin 132013, China. 2 Jilin Medicine College of Nursing, Jilin 132013, China
[Abstract]Objective To explore the immunological effects and mechanisms of dendritic cell vaccine. Methods DC vaccine against MB 49 cells were prepared by loading MB 49 cells, and the model was established in mice. After making the model, the 7 days, 14 days, the vaccine were injected in right anterior axillary of vaccine group mice, and the mice of PBS control group were injected with PBS, normal feeding to normal group.21 days after modeling, flow cytometry was used to detect the number of CD 4+and CD 4+CD 69+T cells in spleen of mice. The T cells were cultured for 48 hours, and IFN-γ was detected by ELISA. The number of CD 4+and CD 8+cells in tumor tissues was detected by immunohistochemical method. Results Mouse spleen, CD 4+andCD 4+CD 69+cells count, DC vaccine group was higher than the PBS control group and normal group, P<0.01, had difference statistically significance.(one of them P<0.05). The level of IFN-γof T cell culture supernatant , DC vaccine group was higher than that of PBS control group and the normal group, P<0.01, had difference statistically significance. The number of CD 4+, CD 8+T cells in tumor tissue, DC vaccine group was higher than that of PBS control group, P<0.01, had difference statistically significance. Conclusion DC vaccine stimulated T cell activation and proliferation, increased the number of CD 4+, CD 4+CD 69+cells in the spleen,increased IFN-γsecretion, and increased the number of CD 4+, CD 8+T cells in the tumor tissues. DC 2.4 vaccine can inhibit the growth of tumor cells in mice by killing the tumor cells.
[Key words]Dendritic cell vaccine, Flow cytometry, ELISA, Immunohistochemical staining
树突状细胞(DC)具有超强的抗原提呈能力,且能够诱导初始T细胞活化,在免疫应答的诱导中具有重要作用[1]。近年来,DC疫苗在实验室中广泛应用于治疗肿瘤的研究[2-3]。探讨DC 2.4细胞疫苗在MB 49小鼠膀胱癌皮下移植瘤模型中的免疫学效应。
1 材料
(1)DC 2.4、MB 49细胞,受赠于辽宁医学院张佩教授。(2)C 57 BL/6近交系雌性小鼠36只,8~12周龄,体重18~20 g,雌性,由上海斯莱克实验动物有限公司提供,许可证编号:SCXK(沪)2012-0005。(3)FITC anti-Mouse CD 4、PE anti-Mouse CD 69购自美国BD公司。Anti-CD 4、Anti-CD 8、Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG/HRP购自北京博奥森生物技术有限公司。
2 方法
2.1小鼠膀胱癌MB 49细胞皮下移植瘤模型的建立
将36只小鼠按随机数字表法分为3组,疫苗组、PBS对照组和正常对照组。用PBS调整对数生长期MB 49细胞浓度至5×106/ ml,注射于各组小鼠右前腋皮下,每只0.2 ml,建立MB 49细胞皮下移植瘤模型[4]。
2.2疫苗制备与接种
冻融法制备MB 49粗提全抗原,按原细胞的比例10:1负载DC 2.4,制备DC 2.4疫苗。调整疫苗细胞浓度至1×106/ml,各组小鼠分别于建模第7 d、14 d给予相应治疗:疫苗组给予疫苗0.1 ml+PBS 0.1 ml,PBS对照组给予PBS 0.2 ml,注射于小鼠接种瘤细胞处皮下。正常组正常饲养。
2.3疫苗免疫学效应检测
尼龙毛柱法分离各组小鼠脾T细胞,RPMI-1 640调整细胞浓度至1×107/ml。以FITC-CD 4和PE-CD 69双标;流式细胞术检测T细胞CD 4、CD 69表达。取分离的T淋巴细胞,PBS调整细胞浓度为5×107/ml,24孔板,37℃培养箱培养48 h,取上清,ELISA法检测IFN-γ含量。石蜡包埋瘤组织切片,Envision两步法免疫组化染色。免疫组化图像分析系统分析,计数CD 4+和CD 8+细胞数。
2.4统计学方法
应用SPSS13.0软件进行数据处理和统计学分析,计量资料采用t检验,计数资料采用χ2检验,P<0.05,差异具有统计学意义。
3 实验结果
3.1流式细胞术检测比较各组小鼠脾CD 4+、CD 4+CD 69+T细胞数
流式检测小鼠脾CD 4+、CD 4+CD 69+T细胞数,疫苗组均高于PBS对照组和正常组,P<0.01,差异具有统计学意义,(其中1 组P<0.05),见表1。各组取1张流式图进行比较,见图1。3.2ELISA法检测比较各组小鼠脾T细胞培养上清IFN-γ水平
脾T细胞培养上清IFN-γ水平,疫苗组高于PBS对照组和正常组,P<0.01,差异具有统计学意义。见表2。
3.3免疫组化检测比较各组小鼠瘤组织CD 4+、CD 8+细胞数
免疫组化检测小鼠瘤组织CD 4+、CD 8+细胞数,疫苗组CD 4+和CD 8+T细胞数均高于PBS对照组,P<0.01,差异具有统计学意义。见表3。
4 讨论
CD 69是一个早期淋巴细胞活化的标志,近年的研究表明[5],CD 69抗原的表达在T细胞活化的过程中起重要作用。DC 2.4疫苗刺激T细胞活化和增殖,使脾内CD 4+、CD 4+CD 69+细胞数增加。DC 2.4能通过分泌细胞因子和趋化因子趋化T细胞,通过血管内皮屏障而增加肿瘤部位的效应T细胞数量[6]。CD 4+T细胞在IL-12等细胞因子促进下可极化为Th 1细胞,Th 1细胞产生IL-2、IFN-γ等细胞因子,促进Th 1细胞、CTL的增殖,从而放大免疫效应。CD 8+CTL通过溶细胞作用直接杀伤肿瘤细胞和通过分泌IFN-γ、TNF间接杀伤肿瘤细胞。
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·实验研究·
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-9308.2015.26.012
【文章编号】1674-9308(2015)26-0018-02
【文献标识码】B
中图分类号】【免疫组织化学染色R392