个体化护理在胸腰段骨折PVP术后对患者焦虑状态和康复的影响

姚雪

【摘要】 目的：探讨个体化护理在胸腰段骨折行经皮椎体成形术（PVP）后患者中对康复和焦虑状态的影响。方法：选择2014年3月-2015年2月笔者所在科收治的47例胸腰段压缩性骨折患者，采用PVP治疗，术后对照组与观察组分别采用常规护理和个体化护理干预，比较两组康复速度、脊柱功能、疼痛及焦虑评分。结果：观察组术后1 d的VAS评分低于对照组，出院前观察组JOA评分高于对照组，观察组术后1 d及出院前SAS评分低于对照组，首次下地时间观察组短于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：个性化护理可有效降低患者围手术期的焦虑情绪，加速康复，符合快通道外科理念。

【关键词】 个性化护理； 胸腰段骨折； 经皮椎体成形术

doi：10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2016.30.042 文献标识码 B 文章编号 1674-6805（2016）30-0075-02

The Impact of Individualized Nursing on the Anxiety and Recovery of Patients after Percutaneous Vertebroplasty for Thoracolumbar Fractures/YAO Xue.//Chinese and Foreign Medical Research，2016，14（30）：75-76

【Abstract】 Objective：To investigate the effect of individualized nursing in thoracolumbar fractures after treated with percutaneous vertebroplasty（PVP） on rehabilitation and anxiety of patients.Method：From March 2014 to February 2015，47 patients with thoracolumbar compressibility fracture in our department were selected and treated by PVP，the control group and the observation group were respectively treated with routine nursing and individualized nursing.The rehabilitation rate，spinal function，pain and anxiety scores were compared between the two groups.Result：The VAS score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group at postoperative 1 day，the JOA score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group before discharge，the SAS scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group at postoperative 1 day and before discharge，the time of the first time of walking in the observation group was shorter than that of the control group，the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）.Conclusion：Individualized nursing can effectively reduce the anxiety of patients in the perioperative period，and accelerate the rehabilitation，which is in accordance with the concept of fast track surgery.

【Key words】 Individualized nursing； Thoracolumbar fractures； Percutaneous vertebroplasty

First-authors address：Union Hospital（West Campus） Affiliated to Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology，Wuhan 430056，China

脊柱胸腰段是應力集中部位，容易发生压缩性骨折。多数胸腰段压缩性骨折为自行跌伤所致，骨折块不脱入椎管，因此并无截瘫。目前经皮椎体成形术（percutaneous vertebroplasty，PVP）是流行术式，旨在快速恢复椎体高度，促进术后康复。个体化护理强调以患者为中心，进行人文关怀式护理[1]。笔者所在科2014年3月-2015年2月将行PVP手术的47例胸腰段压缩性骨折患者纳入研究，分别采用常规护理和个体化护理，比较其疗效，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

将笔者所在科2014年3月-2015年2月行PVP手术的47例胸腰段压缩性骨折患者作为研究对象，47例患者均为T12～L2椎体压缩性骨折，术前均经CT和X线片确诊，骨折块单纯压缩，不突入椎管。其中男27例，女20例，年龄38～72岁，平均（56.8±3.3）岁。受伤部位：T12 12例，L1 22例，L2 13例。47例患者按随机数字表法分为观察组（n=24）和对照组（n=23）。本研究经本院伦理委员会批准。两组一般资料比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），具有可比性。