培养劳动素养,实现五育并举
2021-09-23张玲玲
张玲玲
摘 要:新时代教育教学环境下,如何开展劳动教育,如何实现劳动教育的育人功能,如何做到德智体美劳五育并举,如何提升学生的劳动素养?培养德智体美劳全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人,要树立劳动观念,倡导全学段育人理念;融合劳动课程,形成全学科育人格局;培养劳动素养,落实全方位育人功能。深度落实劳动育人的目标,要以学校为主导;广度拓展劳动育人的内涵,需要家庭参与,做到家校合力,齐抓共管。另外还需要社会支持,开辟劳动教育场所,建立劳动实践基地;开挖劳动教育资源,增加学生劳动体验。在劳动教育的评价实施中,要健全劳动教育评价制度,细化劳动教育实施规则,加强劳动教育评估监督,避免劳动教育形式化、肤浅化、片面化。
关键词:劳动教育;育人;劳动素养;实施
【中图分类号】G622.0 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】1005-8877(2021)19-0035-02
【Absrtact】Under the environment of education and teaching in the new era,how to carry out labor education,how to realize the educational function of labor education,how to carry out the five education of morality,intelligence,body,beauty and labor,and how to improve the students' labor literacy? To train socialist builders and successors with all-round development of morality,intelligence,body,beauty and labor,we should set up the concept of labor,advocate the concept of educating people in the whole school,integrate the labor curriculum,form the pattern of educating people in the whole discipline,cultivate labor literacy,and carry out the function of educating people in all directions. In order to carry out the goal of labor education in depth,we should take the school as the leading factor,expand the connotation of labor education in breadth,need the participation of families,make the joint efforts of home and school,and work together. Social support is also needed To open up labor education places,establish labor practice bases,excavate labor education resources and increase students' labor experience. In the evaluation and implementation of labor education,we should perfect the evaluation system of labor education,refine the implementation rules of labor education,strengthen the evaluation and supervision of labor education,and avoid the formalization,superficial and one-sidedization of labor education.
【Keywords】Labor Education;Education;Labor Literacy;Implementation
“鋤禾日当午,汗滴禾下土,谁知盘中餐,粒粒皆辛苦。”唐代李绅的《悯农》脍炙人口、家喻户晓,自古以来,劳动在我国人民心中占据了重要的位置。卢梭也说“劳动是社会中每个人不可避免的义务。”2018年全国教育大会上,提出“努力构建德智体美劳全面培养的教育体系,培养德智体美劳全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人”,强调“要在学生中弘扬劳动精神,教育引导学生崇尚劳动、尊重劳动,懂得劳动最光荣、劳动最崇高、劳动最伟大、劳动最美丽的道理,长大后能够辛勤劳动、诚实劳动、创造性劳动”。但是,现有的学校教育中,劳动教育是薄弱的,很多劳动课只是用活动课的形式来体现,学生的劳动参与度不高,也没有通过劳动课堂掌握一定的劳动技能。甚至,在整理班务时,很多学生连基本的扫地、拖地都做不好,由此,劳动教育亟待加强,发挥它应有的育人功能。综上所述,新时代教育教学环境下,如何开展劳动教育,如何实现劳动教育的育人功能,如何做到德智体美劳五育并举,如何提升学生的劳动素养成了我们亟待解决的课题。
1.五育并举,全面育人
在应试教育的影响下,劳动教育缺乏应有的实践性。全社会对劳动教育的认识存在偏颇,所以劳动教育教学中存在劳动娱乐化、形式化、惩戒化的现象,这也导致了劳动教育过于简单化、世俗化、碎片化。另外,受社会不良风气的影响,为了应对升学考试,因为娇惯独生子女,学校和家庭都淡化劳动教育。但是,青少年的成长离不开劳动的锻炼。当务之急是补齐劳动教育的短板,大力开展劳动教育,构建学生德智体美劳全面发展的育人机制。新时代劳动育人应该以立德树人为核心,帮助学生树立尊重劳动、热爱劳动的价值观,培养学生适应社会发展需要的劳动素养,从而实现学生的五育并举。