导乐分娩与康复按摩护理对产后抑郁症的影响 及睡眠质量的改善
2018-10-21李焕敏
李焕敏
摘要 目的:研究导乐分娩与康复按摩护理服务对产妇产后抑郁症的影响及其对改善产妇睡眠质量的价值。方法:选取2017年9月至2018年9月聊城市东昌府区妇幼保健院产科收治的检查并分娩的产妇80例,随机分为观察组( n =41)和对照组( n =39),对照组实施产科常规护理,观察组另施予导乐分娩与康复按摩护理服务,比较2组的护理效果。结果:观察组护理后的EPDS评分、PSQI评分优于对照组,差异有统计学意義( P <0.05),观察组产后抑郁症发生率低于对照组( P <0.05)。结论:导乐分娩联合康复按摩护理服务,有利于降低产妇产后抑郁症,改善其睡眠质量。
关键词 导乐分娩;康复按摩护理服务;产后抑郁症;睡眠质量
中图分类号:R741;R248.3 文献标识码:A doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-7130.2018.10.009
Effect of Guided Music Delivery and Rehabilitation Massage Nursing Services on Maternal Postpartum Depression and Improvement of Sleep Quality
Li Huanmin
(Delivery Room of Dong Changfu District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Liaocheng,252000)
Abstract Objective: To study the effects of doula delivery and rehabilitation massage care services on maternal postpartum depression and its value in improving maternal sleep quality. Methods: From September 2017 to September 2018,a total of 80 cases of obstetrical delivery in Delivery Room of Dong Changfu District Maternal and Child Health Hospital were selected.According to nursing methods, 39 cases of obstetrical routine nursing were divided into routine group, and 41 cases of Doula delivery and rehabilitation massage nursing service were taken as nursing group.The effect of nursing in two groups was compared. Results: The EPDS score and PSQI score of the nursing group after nursing were compared with the routine group ( P <0.05), the incidence of postpartum depression in the nursing group was lower than that in the conventional group ( P <0.05). Conclusion: Doula delivery combined with rehabilitation and massage care can help to reduce maternal postpartum depression and improve their sleep quality.
Key Words Doula delivery; Rehabilitation and massage care services; Postpartum depression; The quality of sleep
产后抑郁症是产褥期较为常见的一种心理障碍性疾病,该病多出现在产后2周,主要表现出情感的持续低落,并伴有思维、行动等改变和躯体性症状[1]。产后抑郁症不仅会影响到产妇的身心健康,而且还会对婴儿的情绪、认知发展造成严重的负面影响。本文主要研究导乐分娩与康复按摩护理服务对产妇产后抑郁症和睡眠质量等的影响,现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 选取2017年9月至2018年9月我院产科收治的检查并分娩的产妇80例,随机分为观察组( n =41)和对照组( n =39),对照组中,年龄21~34岁,平均年龄(28.46±1.62)岁;孕周37~41周,平均孕周(39.41±0.14)周。观察组中,年龄22~33岁,平均年龄(28.97±1.47)岁;孕周38~42周,平均孕周(39.98±1.47)周。2组患者一般资料比较,差异无统计学意义( P >0.05),具有可比性。
1.2 纳入标准 1)经医院医学伦理委员会审核批准。2)与产妇及其家属签署知情同意书;3)初产妇且均为单胎、头位。
1.3 排除标准 1)伴有精神障碍者;2)合并有慢性躯体性疾病者;3)心肝肾等功能障碍者。
1.4 护理方法
1.4.1 对照组 施予产科常规护理,包括:产前保健、健康教育、母乳喂养指导及产后保健等。
1.4.2 观察组 施予导乐分娩与康复按摩护理服务:1)导乐分娩:①在产妇孕24~28周时,要求产妇夫妻参与到孕妇学校学习孕期保健方法、自我监护知识以及分娩、哺乳和育婴等知识的学习中去,并让产妇家属帮助产妇育婴,以缓解产妇身心的疲惫。②入院后护理人员或助产士还应加强与产妇及其家属的交流和沟通,并采用图谱的方式向待产妇及家属讲解分娩的致使、各产程的经过等,并指导待产妇进行深呼吸训练,以改善待产妇紧张、焦虑的心理情绪。③待产妇的宫口开至2 cm时,应将其送至温馨、舒适的产房中,并允产妇家属陪伴其左右,并适时鼓励产妇,以促进其分娩;在宫缩时助产士应指导产妇进行拉玛泽减痛分娩法,以缓解宫缩疼痛。此外助产士还应适时按摩产妇的腹部与腰骶部,并适时告知其分娩的进程,以帮助产妇顺利分娩。④胎儿娩出2 h后,护理人员应及时将产妇送回病房,并进行产后健康指导,包括正确的母乳喂养方法、育婴的知识、会阴部的保健等。对于有不良心理情绪的产妇,护理人员应实施给予其科学的心理指导和干预,使产妇尽快进入到“母亲”这一角色中。2)康复按摩护理:产后6~12 h,由产科按摩医师对产妇进行按摩:嘱产妇仰卧或者俯卧在按摩床上,使用大毛巾对产妇下腹部和骶尾部进行热敷,再在按摩的部位涂抹上产科康复按摩油,应用揉、推、按、拿等手法按摩产妇的头面部、乳房、胸腹部、四肢和背部等,40 min/次,1~2次/d,共按摩4~6次。按摩前由护理人员向产妇及家属讲解按摩的目的、具体流程和应注意的事项等,以提升产妇及家属的配合度;按摩期间护理人员还应仔细评估产妇身心状态,并为其营造一个安静、舒适的环境,以帮助产妇全面放松身心。