从心肝脾论治肠易激综合征之腹泻型
2015-07-07朱新辉易珍
朱新辉++易珍
摘要:从腹泻型肠易激综合征的病机特点入手,结合现代医学对肠易激综合征的认识,痛泻要方并非是从肝脾论治腹泻型肠易激综合征的惟一方剂。肠易激综合征病在肠胃,关乎心肝二脏。心与肠胃生理上经络连属、互为表里,病理上相互影响、上下传变;"肝与大肠相通",肝主疏泄之职,司脾升胃降,助大肠传导,无使气机壅滞,致土不疏木,渗泄中满之证。
关键词:肠易激综合征;泄泻;肝脾失调
Theoretical Treatment of Heart Liver Spleen Diarrhea Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome Clinical Analysis
ZHU Xin-hui,YI Zhen
(Gao'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Gao'an 330800,Jiangxi,China)
Abstract:From the aspect of diarrhea type irritable bowel syndrome pathogenesis characteristic, combined with modern medicine understanding of irritable bowel syndrome, pain not from liver and spleen s differentiation only prescription of diarrhea type irritable bowel syndrome. Irritable bowel syndrome disease in the intestines and stomach, about two dirty heart. Heart and gastrointestinal physiological nelumbo, each list of main and collateral channels, pathologically influence each other, the up and down; "Liver and colon are interlinked," liver factor, spleen and stomach descending, help e. conduction, no angry machine indicates lag, not thin wood to soil, full of the seepage drainage.
Key words:Irritable bowel syndrome; Diarrhea; Disorder of liver and spleen
肠易激综合征为功能性胃肠病中的一种功能性肠病,以腹痛或腹部不适伴排便习惯改变和或粪便性质改变的功能性肠病,该病缺乏可解释症状的形态学改变和生化异常。肠易激综合症之腹泻型患者,多为腹痛即泄,泄后痛缓为特点,吴鹤皋云:"泻责之于脾,痛责之于肝,肝责之实,脾责之虚。脾虚肝实故令痛泻"。传统中医之泄泻多从"肝、脾"两脏论治,认为肝失疏泄,脾失健运而出现肝脾不和,肝气乘脾之候, 脏腑气机不利,传导失司而致泄泻,治法多为疏肝健脾、渗湿止泻为方,有一定疗效,却不够理想,容易复发。现代人们生活节奏快,压力大,肠易激综合征患者不仅有腹泻腹痛,并且多有精神抑郁、焦虑、烦躁不安,朱教授认为本病不仅应从"肝脾"论治,亦从"心"论治。明代著名张介宾在《类经》中说:"心为脏腑之王[1],而总统魂魄,……故忧动于心则肺应,思动于心则脾应,怒动于心则肝应,恐动于心则肾应,此所心五志唯心所使也",对临床上情绪不畅,焦虑忧思的患者,朱教授采用解郁安神、疏肝健脾之法,均取得良好疗效。
1临床资料
冯某,女,32岁,公司职员,因解水样便4月余就诊。患者4月来日均解水样便3~5次,腹痛即解,解后痛缓,无粘液脓血,无里急后重感,每因情绪不畅、抑郁时症状加重,服用思密达、左氧氟沙星等抗炎药后症状无明显缓解[2],入院症见:精神差,面色萎黄,胸肋胀痛,伴乏力、眠差,舌苔薄白,脉细。初诊为"泄泻",予以酸枣仁30g、合欢皮12g、白术20g、白芍20g、陈皮10g、防风10g、法夏10g、干姜10g、黄芩10g、苍术10g、厚朴10g,共十剂,并开导患者,嘱其放宽心情、条畅情志、劳逸结合;二诊患者泄泻缓解,大便1次~2次/d,色黄、条状,无腹痛症状,面色红润,精神佳,納眠可,舌红苔薄白,脉弦,予酸枣仁、合欢皮加四君子汤,继服7剂;三诊患者大便一次一行或二行,无腹痛,精气神俱佳,仍予酸枣仁、合欢皮加四君子汤,随诊一年患者未再出现腹泻症状。
2讨论
现代医学从生物-心理-社会疾病模式进一步认识IBS的发病机制,有人甚至将肠易激综合征归于心身疾病之列,"心"为君主之官,任万物而主神明,主不明则下不安,心神不安可见心烦、失眠、焦虑、抑郁,肝脾内应则内伤其藏气,则心失所养、肝失条达、脾失健运而出现心亏肝郁脾虚之候,发为泄泻等症[3],现代中医从心肝脾三方面的论治越来越多,心神得安,气机条畅,气血调和,脏腑、经络等组织器官正常和谐,同时,朱教授认为此类患者还要要学会怡情养神,寻找乐趣,做到知足常乐,人之精气神才能和谐一致。
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编辑/孙杰