赫尔辛基海员中心，赫尔辛基，芬兰

2012-07-27建筑设计ARK住宅建筑师事务所

世界建筑 2012年3期

建筑设计：ARK-住宅建筑师事务所

ARCHITECTS: ARK-house Architects

赫尔辛基海员中心的基地毗邻乌萨里港口的入口，位于一块待建场地的北端。这是整个港口区域中唯一融入了自然元素和形态的场地，这座建筑则成为区域内唯一具有公共功能的建筑物。它是来自远方的海员们在这个港口的歇脚之处。

让弱小与强大在此并存需要采取经过谨慎思考的建筑策略。体量渺小的海员中心很容易被淹没在以公顷为单位展开的钢结构仓库、柏油路和集装箱的海洋之中。为了与所处的环境构成对比，设计师选择采用一种柔软而有机的形式语言和木结构来设计这座建筑。建筑中引入的树和岩石则表达了对于广义上的文脉—这一区域被保存下来的山岗—的尊重。

这一设计的目的在于创造一种独特的可识别性，以期当海员们离开这里驶向远方时，对这里能留下些许奇异却完全友好的积极记忆。全木结构和建筑精炼的体量源于木制船只所激发的灵感，同时，这也是对基地自身所面临的生态性挑战做出的一个注解。这座建筑从物质和精神两方面滋养了来到这里的人们：它带来了一个舒适安逸的氛围以及咖啡、洗衣站和计算机。同等重要的是，人们可以在这个舒适的环境中同时体验到亲切感与新奇感。

这一项目的委托人是芬兰海员协会和芬兰海员勤务机构，两者都具有很长的历史并持续进行着对于各国海员的支援活动。这座建筑非常小心地营造其恰当的宗教氛围，以尊重来自世界各地具有不同的宗教和文化背景的来访者。由于其超越了宗教派别的杰出设计，赫尔辛基所有的主教都同意参加赫尔辛基海员中心于2009年1月举办的开幕典礼。□（李璠译）

2 总平面/Site plan

3 外景/Exterior view

The plot for the projected Helsinki Seafarers'Centre is situated by the main entrance to the Vuosaari harbour, on the northern corner of the area, and which is presently under construction. In practice the building location is the only point in the whole harbour area that contains any natural forms and elements. As the only public building in the area, its role is to serve as a place of respite;a small multipurpose building for the seamen that arrive at the harbour form afar.

The starting point in a David and Goliath juxtaposition has required a carefully considered architectural strategy. The infinitely small volume of the Seafarers' Centre was in danger of being completely dominated by the crushing hectare-sized steel warehouses, and the artificial landscape of tarmac fields and container seas.As a counter-point, a soft organic form language was chosen for the building, as well as a wood construction. The architecture of the building could be described as contextual in the wide sense of the word: the preserved hillock, with its trees and rocks, is an essential part of the architecture of the building.

The objective in the design of the building has been to create a unique identity, because in the best case scenario the distant traveller can take home a positive memory of something tantalizingly strange yet hospitable. The completely wooden structure and its compact shape are a homage to the building tradition based on the purposefulness of wooden ships and the aesthetics that spring form it, as well as a comment on the ecological challenges of the present. The premises offer both physical and spiritual nourishment:the spiritual word and composure, coffee, a laundry and computers. Particularly important are the cosy atmosphere and the simultaneous experience of familiarity and newness.

The commissioners behind the project are the Finnish Seamen's Mission and the Finnish Seamen's Service, both of which have long traditions and an international history of supporting seafarers.The denominational aspect is brought out in a sensitive way, respectful of the religion and cultural background of each visitor. In the ecumenical spirit,all the bishops of Helsinki have agreed to honour the inauguration of the Helsinki Seafarers' Centre with their presence in January 2009. □(Pentti Kareoja)

4 鸟瞰/Aerial view

5 模型/Model

6 外景/Exterior view

7 平面/Floor plan 1－入口/Entrance 2－门厅/Lobby 3－大厅/Hall 4－商店/Shop 5－厨房/Kitchen 6－图书室/Library 7－办公室/Office 8－储藏室/Storage 9－卫生间/Toilet 10－洗衣房/Laundry 11－更衣室/Changing room 12－淋浴/Shower 13－桑拿房/Sauna 14－机械房/Mechanical space 15－平台/Terrace