北航中法工程师学院：中法高等教育国际合作的典范

今年是北京航空航天大学中法工程师学院成立17周年，它在国内外的高等教育领域留下了浓墨重彩的一笔。中法工程师学院是中法在高等教育方面合作的典范，也是法国中央理工大学集团创办的首家国际学院，它为后续17家类似的中法学院提供了经验，成为许多中外教育和研究机构的学术组织机构的一个标杆。

2005年，北京航空航天大学与法国中央理工大学集团通力合作，共同创建了北航中法工程师学院。中央理工大学集团旗下包括巴黎中央理工大学、里昂中央理工大学、南特中央理工大学、里尔中央理工大学和马赛中央理工大学等5所中央工程师教育大学。中法工程师学院是北航的下属学院，学院旨在培育高素质的人才和高水平的工程师，使他们具备丰富的国际文化知识并融会贯通，掌握三门语言（中文、法语和英语）并能够应对社会中涉及多学科的挑战。北航中法工程师学院的毕业生不仅能够成为工程师，同样还能成为具备强大创新力的管理者和企业家。

集中法教学精髓于一身的工程师培养项目

中法工程师学院招收的大部分学生都是满足北航入学标准的中国学生（高考成绩前0.3%）。2015年起，学院开始招收国际学生。每年都会有110—120名新生加入中法工程师学院，学院课程由中法教师使用中法双语讲授，部分由国际专家担任的课程也会使用英语教学，因此学院的毕业生在毕业时能够掌握三门语言。

为了有效培养学生，使其具备预期的技能，中法工程师学院基于法国中央理工大学集团的培养方案，注重科学通识教育，面向世界，并结合技术和管理技能。同时，学院也融合了中国工程师教育的方案，打造了独一无二的高质量培养项目，为学生提供了所有可能的资源来帮助他们完成目标。创新需要广泛的基础知识和应用知识，如此才能将不同应用领域联系起来并开发合适的技术和系统。为培养人才及其创新力，中法工程师学院除了开设综合的数学与基础科学的本科课程外，还开设高质量的通用型工程课程，为学生提供拥有全球视野的必备知识和技能，让学生能够成功识别并开发必要的创新路径。中法工程师学院还致力于激发青年人才的好奇心，培养他们的开放性思维，让他们具备更多的社会和管理技能。学院还开设了伦理学、可持续发展、清洁能源、资源管理和风险管理等课程，使未来的毕业生能够有效参与到创新事业中去，创造更美好的世界。

Ecole Centrale de Pékin (Centrale Pékin) is celebrating its 17th anniversary this year. Centrale Pékin has managed to make its mark on the landscape of higher education not only in China but also internationally. It is considered the flagship Sino-French collaboration in higher education and was the first international school established by the Group of Ecoles Centrale (G.E.C.) from France. It has also paved the way for other similar Sino-French institutes that were subsequently created, of which there are now 17. It remains a benchmark in many academics and organizations at the level of Sino-foreign education and research institutes.

Centrale Pékin was created in 2005 as a result of a collaboration between Beihang University (B.U.A.A.: Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics) and the Group of Ecoles Centrale, which includes the five French Ecoles Centrale of engineer education (CentraleSupélec in Paris-Saclay University, Centrale Lyon, Centrale Nantes, Centrale Lille, and Centrale Marseille). Centrale Pékin is an institute of Beihang University.Centrale Pékin aims to train high-quality talents and engineers of a very high scientific level, with deep knowledge and integration in the international culture, trilingual (Chinese, French, English), and the ability to respond to the multidisciplinary challenges of society. Graduates of Centrale Pékin are more than engineers. They are also managers and entrepreneurs capable of great innovation.

An engineering training program gathering the best of Chinese and French pedagogy

The majority of the students of Centrale Pékin are Chinese and are recruited by following the required criteria to join Beihang University (Top 0.3% of College entrance examination scores). Since 2015, Centrale Pékin welcomes international students. Each year, 110 and 120 freshmen join the 1st year of study in Centrale Pékin. The lectures of the education program are delivered by both Chinese and French professors equally in both languages. Some lectures given by international experts are also provided in English, allowing the graduates to perfectly manage these three languages at the end of their studies.

To train future graduates and provide them with expected skills, the engineer training program is based on the French Centrale schools’ scheme,which is scientifically generalist, firmly structured around project-based training, internationally oriented, and combined with technical and managerial skills. Such a program is then also enriched by the Chinese approach to engineering education, resulting in a uniquely high-level educational program that gives the students all the possible assets to achieve their objectives. Innovation requires a broad base of fundamental and applied knowledge to link different application fields and develop appropriate techniques and systems. Centrale Pékin offers a comprehensive Bachelor’s program in Mathematics and Basic Sciences and a highlevel generalist engineering program to provide future graduates with the knowledge and skills necessary to have a global vision of technology and to be able to identify and develop the necessary paths for innovation successfully. Centrale Pékin also seeks to develop the curiosity and open-mindedness of young talents and give them broader societal and managerial skills. Ethics, sustainable development, clean energy, resource management, and risk management are, among other subjects, on the institute’s curriculum to enable future graduates to be influential actors of innovation for a better future world.

中法工程师学院的教学方案经过专门设计，满足中法教育体制的要求。学院实施中国“本科+硕士”与法国“预科+工程师”相融合的本硕一贯制培养模式，中国的“4+2”模式相当于法国的“3+3”模式。在该项目中，为了更好地了解企业的工作，以及如何应用在学校获取的理论知识，学生必须在企业完成几次实习，为期至少24周，共有三段：本科三年级结束时完成一次见习实习，硕士一年级结束时完成一次工程师实习，硕士二年级完成一次为期至少5个月的毕业实习。

项目期间，中法工程师学院的学生有机会参加法国乃至欧洲或加拿大的各种合作交流项目。学生（本科低年级和研究生一年级）可以在法国中央理工大学集团中的一所大学进行为期2年的学习，来获得双学位（所交流学校的工程师学位和北航的硕士学位）。其他学生也可以在研究生二年级时前往法国和摩洛哥其中一所中央学校进行为期一年或一个学期的交换。

The training program of Centrale Pékin has been specially designed to meet the requirements of both the Chinese and French education systems.Then, the students prepare for a Bachelor + Master program at B.U.A.A.,which corresponds with the traditional French engineering education program (initial cycle + engineering cycle). The “4+2” years of the Chinese system correspond to the “3+3” years of the French system. During this engineering program, to better understand the work in a company and how the theoretical teachings received at school are applied, students must complete several internships in companies for a minimum duration of 24 weeks. There are three internships (1 operator internship at the end of the 3rd year of the Bachelor’s program, one technician internship at the end of the 1st year of the Master’s program, and one end-of-studies engineering internship of at least five months in the 2nd year of the Master’s program).

During their engineering training program, students of Centrale Pékin have the opportunity to participate in various mobility programs in France, Europe, or Canada. The students (the 4th year of the Bachelor’s degree and the 1st year of the Master’s degree) can get a double degree by spending two years in one of the Centrale schools in France (these students will receive the engineering degree of the Centrale school in which they study and the Master degree of Beihang). Other students (2nd year of Master) can go for a one year or only for one-semester mobility in one of Centrale schools in France and Morocco.

中法工程师学院还与加拿大蒙特利尔的魁北克高等技术学院签订交流协议，在工程师阶段的第一年可前往加拿大交换。中法工程师学院的两个创办方都是欧洲顶尖工科大学联盟的合作伙伴。因此，学生如果想学习联盟内（比如布鲁塞尔自由大学、伦敦大学学院、法国国立高等航空航天学院）学校的课程，可以利用这一学校关系网交换，大多数是交换一个学期，有时也可以获得双学位。如果想获得双学位，学生需要在比利时或法国的学校中交换两到三年（可抵中法工程师学院研究生的两年课程），之后再返回北航完成硕士毕业论文。

中法工程师学院的工程师培养项目受到中国教育部和法国工程师职衔委员会（CTI）的认可，后者在2010年首次认证了中法工程师学院的项目，时限6年。2016年和2022年，学院再次获得CTI的认证，这也是该中法合作项目高质量和持续卓越的保证。中法工程师学院的毕业生可以同时从北航的硕士学位和中法工程师学院的CTI工程师职衔中受益。

自2020年9月以来，中法工程师学院还提供了多样化的教育服务，以配合北航在杭州新校区开展活动。实际上，北航已经和法国中央理工大学集团下的多家学校开展了双学位国际硕士项目。该项目以研究为导向，全英文授课，学生在中法两国进行为期三年的学习。在中国完成一年的学习后，学生将进入不同的法国中央学校攻读硕士两至三个学期（取决于学校和所学专业），之后再返回中国完成他们的毕业论文。培养项目结束后，学生将同时获得北航硕士学位和法国中央理工学校的硕士学位。如今，已经有三个班的20名学生参加了该项目，首届毕业生预计将于2023年毕业。

工程师培养与行业紧密接轨

中法工程师学院的毕业生都是受过训练的具备多元化知识的工程师，他们中大多数都进入了行业领先的跨国公司，担任公司的“驻外大使”，促进亚洲和世界的交流，增进不同合作伙伴之间的跨国合作以及相互理解。

Centrale Pékin has also signed a mobility agreement with E.T.S. (Ecole de Technologie Supérieure) in Montreal, providing mobility semesters in Canada during the first year of the engineering cycle. The two founding partners of Centrale Pékin are also partners of the T.I.M.E. (Top Industrial Managers for Europe) association. Therefore, students can take advantage of this network if they wish to follow their course in one of the universities belonging to this association, for a semester in most cases but also sometimes for a double degree (at U.L.B., U.C.L., and I.S.A.E.). For these latter dual degrees, students spend 2 and 3 years in the institution in Belgium or France (which correspond to the two years of Master in the curriculum of Centrale Pékin) and then return to complete their Master’s thesis at Beihang University.

The engineering program of Ecole Centrale Beijing is accredited by both the Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China and the C.T.I.(French Commission des Titres d’Ingénieur). The C.T.I. first accredited the program of Centrale Pékin in 2010 for six years, renewed in 2016, and more recently in 2022, each time for a maximum duration of 6 years. Such an accreditation by C.T.I. allows Centrale Pékin’s graduates to benefit from the Beihang Master’s degree and the title of graduate engineer of Centrale Pékin. It guarantees the high quality and consistent excellence of this sino-french collaborative program.

Since September 2020, Centrale Pékin has also diversified its educational offer to accompany the development of its activities on the new campus of Beihang University in Hangzhou. Indeed, a double degree international Master’s program has been launched in collaboration with the different French Centrale schools of the Group of Ecoles Centrale. In this more research-oriented program, students are taught entirely in English over a three-year program in China and France. After the first year in China,students join different international Masters of Centrale schools for 2 or 3 semesters (depending on the schools and the Master’s degrees) and then return to China to complete their Master’s thesis work. At the end of this training, students receive a Master’s degree from Beihang University and a Master’s degree from the French Ecole Centrale, where they went during the program. Today, three classes of 20 students have taken part in this program, and the first graduates will graduate in 2023.

A high connection with the engineering training program and the industrial world

The graduates of Centrale Pékin are multicultural engineers trained, for the most part, to join leading international companies and to be able to be real ambassadors to other countries. Thus, they can bridge between Asia and the rest of the world to improve global collaboration and mutual understanding between the different partners.

Industrial partnerships are the heart of Centrale Beijing and constitute a specificity that can be promoted to the students in the framework of this program. As mentioned previously, during their training, students in the engineering cycle must complete three internships. All three internships are to be carried out under the supervision of the Ecole Centrale de Pékin.The operator internship and the end-of-study internship must be carried out in companies.

行业间的伙伴关系是中法工程师学院项目的核心，是该项目框架的一大特性。正如上文所述，学生在工程师培养期间需要完成三次实习，且必须在中法工程师学院的监督下进行，见习实习和毕业实习必须在企业内进行。

为了给学生提供高水平的科学和技术课程，让他们在毕业时充分做好进入企业的准备，该项目不仅强制要求学生在企业内实习，还聘请企业内的专家和专业人士授课。这些课程主要安排在工程师培养阶段的最后一年，帮助学生从纯粹的学术道路转向实际的专业工作。中法工程师学院与许多企业都进行了洽谈，寻找有意在校授课的专业人士，提升课程的专业度，为学生提供行业内工作的重要视角。此外，学院还会定期组织研讨会，或者组织学生到一两家企业参观。学院每年都会在校内组织招聘会，其间各企业的代表和学生可以会面，谈论实习和工作岗位。2022年，有26家中外企业参加了招聘会。

创建研究团队，为研究活动提供框架

在制定教学和培养方案的同时，为了更好地支持中法工程师学院学生在研究生阶段的学习，学院还制定了研究活动的框架。从2018年开始，学院希望通过在校内创建研究团队，致力于研究由法国中央理工大学集团和北航共同提出的创新型课题，这些研究团队将由北航的研究员（隶属中法工程师学院或北航其他学院）和法国中央理工大学集团的研究员共同指导。其目的是，为本学院学生以及北航其他学院的学生在其培养方案的各个研究项目（本科学位项目和创新项目等）和完成硕士论文期间开展的研究活动提供一个框架。这些活动由联合导师本人或中法工程师学院的青年教授负责监督指导。学院至今已创建了5个这样的研究团队：风险科学与工程实验室、数据科学实验室、CREUZET实验室（自旋电子学）、未来城市实验室（交通与流动性）以及复杂系统实验室（机械学和复杂系统）。

其中，创建于2019年1月的未来城市实验室主要是按照首席研究员模式来组建的，因为它在法兰西岛大区和北京市的协议框架内获得了资金，这使得它可以在实验室内组织和开展研究项目。2019年9月，数据科学实验室还与奥兰治（Orange）公司共同组建了一个团队（基于行业首席研究员项目的模式），每年能够资助一些研究项目，学院的学生可以在其中开展与其硕士论文相关的研究工作。

In addition to internships in companies, which are compulsory as part of the training and offer students a program of a very high scientific and technical level while preparing them in the best possible way to enter the business world once they graduate, a certain number of teaching modules are provided by experts and professionals from the business world. These modules are offered mainly in the last year of the engineering cycle and allow the students to transition from the purely academic path to the professional world. Centrale Pékin remains in regular contact with many companies to find professionals interested in intervening in the school’s program to enrich it and give students an even more critical vision of work in the industry. In addition to the teaching modules, the school regularly organizes seminars or special events involving half-day visits to one or more companies. Each year,Centrale Pékin also organizes a job fair during which representatives of companies and students can meet and discuss internships and job positions. In 2022, 26 companies (including both Chinese and foreign companies) attended the Job Fair.

Creat research teams to provide a structure of research activities

In parallel with the development of the teaching and training program and to best support the Master’s studies of Centrale Pékin students, a structure of research activities has also been put in place. Starting in 2018, Centrale Pékin wanted to make its research activities more visible by creating, within the school, research teams dedicated to the most innovative themes and developed jointly by the Group of Ecoles Centrale and Beihang University. These research teams are co-directed by a Beihang researcher (assigned to Centrale Pékin or one of the other Beihang institutes) and a researcher affiliated with one of the G.E.C. laboratories.Their objective is to provide a framework for the research activities of Centrale Pékin students (and students from other Beihang institutes)carried out during the various projects (Bachelor’s Project, Innovation Project, etc.) of their study program as well as during their Master’s thesis. These activities are supervised by the co-directors or young professors from Centrale Pékin. To date, there are five such research teams at Centrale Pékin, the RISE Laboratory (Risk Science and Engineering), the DATA Science lab, the C.R.E.U.Z.E.T. Lab (Spintronics), the Future Cities Lab (Transport and Mobility) and the Complex Systems Lab (Mechanics,Complex Systems).

Among these, the “Future Cities Lab” team (created in January 2019) is more particularly constituted on the model of a research chair since it benefits from its financing within the framework of an agreement between the Ile de France Region and the Municipality of Beijing which allows it to organize and carry out research projects within it. In September 2019, a joint team with the company Orange was also created within the “DATA Science” team (based on an industrial chair model), providing the annual funding of several research projects within which several students from the school can develop their Master’s thesis work.

最后，2020年9月，中法工程师学院参与到北航杭州新校区的建设之中，这为现有5个研究团队的活动开展和其他研究团队的创建提供了更多条件。

毕业生技能面广泛，备受青睐

截至2022年，已有11批硕士生/工程师（超过800名毕业生）和14批本科生（其中4批为留学生）从中法工程师学院毕业。

得益于通识教育，学院的毕业生在全世界的不同领域获得了许多工作机会，毕业6个月内实现100%就业。毕业生主要在亚洲和欧洲就业，占比分别为47%和36%，还有一部分在非洲就业，占比12%，还有少部分人在大洋洲和美洲就业。70%—75%的毕业生任职于中国或跨国公司，其中55%选择中国公司（35%选择国企，20%选择私企），20%选择跨国公司，其余的25%—30%的学生选择进一步深造，完成其博士论文或硕士学位（例如商科）。在成为理学博士的毕业生中，大约一半的人通常会选择学术道路，另一半则选择就职于企业的研发部门。因此，毕业生的就业率非常高。

在北航和法国中央理工大学集团的通力合作和竭力支持下，中法工程师学院发展为一所脚踏实地、朝气蓬勃的学院。

现在及未来所面临的社会挑战不仅牵涉多个学科领域，还涉及全球范围，例如不断增长和集中的能源需求、适应清洁能源的技术发展、人工智能、大型城市的交通优化、废物管理、可持续农业、水质、医疗保健、人类活动对环境影响的研究……

因此，提供高水平的国际科学和技术训练比以往任何时候都更加重要，如中法工程师学院所提供的培养项目，其提供的通识课程和多元化课程使学生能够以全球视野和国际规模来完成复杂的技术项目。中法工程师学院的项目广受好评、颇具吸引力，这是因为其培养出来的工程师技能全面，能够理解系统的复杂性，具有创造和创新的思维方式。中法工程师学院的毕业生大都是行业的佼佼者，他们不仅已做好充分准备积极投身到祖国的发展中去，也努力成为对其他文化开放的工程师，投身到跨国合作和世界和平的伟大事业中去。

Finally, in September 2020, Centrale Pékin was associated with developing the new campus of Beihang University in Hangzhou, which will allow more means and more surface for the development of the activities of the five existing research teams and the creation of many others.

Graduates with a wide range of skills are in high demand

In 2022, Centrale Pékin has graduated 11 batches of Master Engineers (i.e.,more than 800 graduates) and 14 Bachelor’s batches (4 of which include international students).

Thanks to generalist training, Centrale Pékin’s graduates have a wide range of job opportunities in different topics worldwide and are 100% employed within six months of graduation. Graduates mainly find employment in Asia (47%) and Europe (36%), but a number of them work in Africa(12%) and, to a lesser extent, in Australia and America. Between 70% and 75% of them are hired by Chinese or international companies. About 55%choose a Chinese company (35% public and 20% private), and 20% prefer a global company. The other graduates, 25% to 30%, continue their academic studies, mainly with a doctoral thesis or a Master’s degree (in Business,for example). About half of the graduates who have become doctors of science generally choose the academic route, and the other half choose the R&D departments of companies. The rate mentioned above of integration into the industrial fabric of our students is, therefore, all the higher.

Thanks to the involvement and unfailing support of its two founding partners, Beihang University and the Group of Ecoles Centrale, Centrale Pékin is a solid, dynamic, and ambitious Institute.

The societal challenges to be met now and in the future have become multidisciplinary in structure but also international and even global:growing and delocalized energy needs, technological development adapted to clean energies, artificial intelligence, optimized transport in large megacities, waste management, sustainable agriculture, water quality, access to healthcare for all, control of the impact of our activities on climate change.

It is, therefore, more important than ever to offer high-level international scientific and technical training such as that shown by the Ecole Centrale de Pékin, which provides a generalist and multicultural program that will enable graduates to carry out complex and technical projects with a global vision and on an international scale. A program such as the Ecole Centrale de Pékin remains particularly adapted and attractive by training engineers with a broad spectrum of skills capable of apprehending the complexity of systems with a mindset trained in creation and innovation.The students at Centrale Pékin are part of the elite of China today. They are well prepared to participate actively and effectively in the country’s development and meet the overall goals for 2035 outlined in the report of the 20th congress of C.P.C. The students of Centrale Pékin will be open to other cultures, ensure international collaboration, and participate in building a peaceful future world.