姜黄汤剂在治疗寻常型银屑病中的辅助价值及其对血清IL-22水平的影响
2021-12-17贾红侠何焱玲兰东问明亚
贾红侠 何焱玲 兰东 问明亚
[關键词]姜黄汤剂;常型银屑病;疗效;白细胞介素-22
[中图分类号]R758.63 [文献标志码]A [文章编号]1008-6455(2021)11-0107-04
Value of Turmeric Decoction in Adjuvant Treatment of Psoriasis Vulgaris and Its Effect on Serum IL-22 Level
JIA Hong-xia,HE Yan-ling,LAN Dong,WEN Ming-ya
(Department of Dermatology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020,China)
Abstract: Objective To explore the value of turmeric decoction in adjuvant treatment of psoriasis vulgaris and its effect on serum interleukin-22 (IL-22) levels. Methods 114 patients with psoriasis vulgaris admitted to our hospital from July 2019 to September 2020 were selected as the research subjects. They were divided into control group (57 cases) and study group (57 cases) using random number table method. The control group was treated with halometasone and calcipotriol, and the study group was treated with turmeric decoction on the basis of the control group. Both groups were treated for 10 weeks and the effect was observed. The Psoriasis Severity Index (PASI) scores and efficacy of the two groups were compared before and after treatment. The serum IL-22 levels and skin physiological indicators of the two groups before and after treatment were counted. The safety of the two groups of drugs was compared. Results There was no significant difference in the comparison of PASI scores between the two groups before treatment (P>0.05). The PASI scores of the two groups after treatment were lower than before treatment (P<0.05), and the PASI scores of the study group were lower than control group after treatment (P<0.05). The total effective rate of the study group was higher than control group (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the levels of IL-22 between the two groups before treatment (P>0.05). The levels of IL-22 in the two groups after treatment were lower than before treatment (P<0.05), and the level ofIL-22 in the study group after treatment was lower than control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in water content of the stratum corneum and skin oil levels between the two groups before treatment (P>0.05). The water content of the stratum corneum and skin oil levels of the two groups after treatment increased comparing with before treatment (P<0.05). The water content of the stratum corneum and the skin oil level of the study group after treatment were higher than control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of total adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion The adjuvant treatment of turmeric decoction for psoriasis vulgaris can significantly alleviate the condition, has a significant effect, reduces the serum IL-22 level, promotes the recovery of the skin barrier, and has good safety.
Key words: turmeric decoction; normal psoriasis; curative effect; interleukin-22
寻常型斑块状银屑病占银屑病的80%~90%,是一种免疫介导的炎症性皮肤病[1-2]。临床多表现为鳞屑性斑块、皮疹,影响皮肤美观度。当机体发生感染时,CD4+T细胞可通过产生白细胞介素-22(Interleukin-22,IL-22)抵御病菌感染[3]。目前,局部外涂用药、口服药物及光疗等常规治疗方案已广泛应用于寻常型银屑病的治疗,但是其疗效仍需进一步提升[4-5]。姜黄汤剂中的主要活性物质姜黄素为一种天然植物多酚,具有抗氧化、抗炎及抗微生物感染等作用[6]。本研究对寻常型银屑病患者实施姜黄汤剂辅助治疗,获得了满意的治疗效果,现将结果报道如下。
1 资料和方法
1.1 一般资料:选取2019年7月-2020年9月笔者医院收治的114例寻常型银屑病患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和研究组,每组57例。本研究已经医院伦理委员会审批通过。两组临床资料对比差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),见表1。
1.2 纳入、排除和剔除标准:纳入标准:①符合《中国银屑病诊疗指南(2018版)》[7]中寻常型银屑病诊断标准者;②年龄18~60岁者;③皮损面积<20%体表面积的斑块状银屑病者;④肝、肾等重要脏器功能健全者;⑤自愿签署本研究知情同意书。排除标准:①近3个月内使用糖皮质激素、免疫抑制剂及光疗等系统性治疗者;②合并恶性肿瘤、严重内分泌系统疾病及血液系统疾病者;③伴有免疫缺陷者;④既往有药物滥用史者;⑤处于妊娠期、哺乳期或准备孕育者;⑥对治疗药物过敏者;⑦有精神性疾病者;⑧既往有植皮手术史者。剔除标准:①失访者;②严重违反试验方案者。
1.3 方法:治疗期间,所有患者饮食清淡、足量饮水,避免烟酒、保证充足休息。对照组:采用序贯治疗:第一阶段,外涂卤米松软膏(香港澳美制药厂有限公司)治疗,取适量卤米松软膏均匀涂抹于患处皮肤,1次/天,持续2周;第二阶段,卤米松软膏、卡泊三醇软膏(丹麦利昂制药有限公司)交替使用,隔日用药,卤米松软膏涂抹1次/天,卡泊三醇软膏涂抹2次/天,持续4周;第三阶段,外涂卡泊三醇软膏,2次/天,持续4周;共持续治疗10周后观察效果;研究组:在对照组的基础上另给予姜黄汤剂治疗,每日将50g姜黄煎熬滤至200ml药汁,早晚各口服100ml,持续治疗10周后观察效果。
1.4 观察指标:①银屑病严重程度指数(Psoriasis severity index,PASI)评分:参照《中国银屑病诊疗指南(2018版)》于治疗前、治疗后(持续治疗10周后)进行PASI评分:将人体分为头(h)、躯干(t)、上肢(u)、下肢(l)四大部分,总体表面积占比分别为10%、20%、30%、40%,各患病面积(Ah、At、Au、Al)根据其所占百分比分为0~6级,依据患者红斑(E)、浸润(I)、脱屑(D)在身体四个部位的严重程度评分,PASI=0.1×Ah(Eh+Ih+Dh)+0.2×Au(Eu+Iu+Du)+0.3×At(Et+It+Dt)+0.4×Al(El+Il+Dl),PASI评分越高,患者病情越严重;②临床疗效:参照《中国银屑病诊疗指南(2018版)》评价治疗效果,PASI评分减少率=(治疗前PASI评分-治疗后PASI评分)/治療前PASI评分×100%。显效:治疗后PASI评分减少率≥90%;好转:治疗后90%>PASI评分减少率≥60%;有效:治疗后60%>PASI评分减少率≥30%;无效:治疗后PASI评分减少率<30%,或症状恶化。总有效率=(显效+好转+有效)例数/总例数×100%;③血清IL-22水平:两组患者治疗前后抽取空腹静脉血液5ml,离心分离(以3 000r/min速度离心10min,离心半径12cm),收集血清,采用酶联免疫吸附法测定血清IL-22水平,试剂盒购自上海酶联生物科技有限公司,于酶标仪上检测570nm波长处吸光度值,根据标准曲线计算待测样本浓度;④皮肤生理指标:两组治疗前后面部清洁后于恒温恒湿(温度25℃,湿度35%)环境中10min内采用美国Visia皮肤检测仪测定患者角质层含水量,通过油脂测试胶带测定皮肤油脂含量;⑤安全性:统计两组治疗期间皮肤红肿、脱屑、瘙痒及刺痛等发生情况。
1.5 统计学分析:用SPSS 18.0进行数据分析,以“x?±s”表示正态分布计量资料,行t检验;以“例(%)”表示计数资料,行χ2检验,等级分布采用秩和检验。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
2 结果
2.1 PASI评分:治疗前,两组PASI评分对比差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后,两组PASI评分相较于治疗前均降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且研究组治疗后PASI评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。见表2。
2.2 临床疗效:治疗后,研究组总有效率94.74%,显著高于对照组的80.70%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),见表3。
2.3 IL-22水平:治疗前,两组IL-22水平对比差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后,两组IL-22水平相较于治疗前均降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且研究组治疗后IL-22水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。见表4。
2.4 皮肤生理指标:治疗前,两组角质层含水量、皮肤油脂水平对比差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后,两组角质层含水量、皮肤油脂水平相较于治疗前均提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且研究组角质层含水量、皮肤油脂水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。见表5。
2.5 不良反应发生情况:治疗期间,对照组不良反应发生率14.04%,研究组不良反应发生率10.53%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),见表6。
3 讨论
机体代谢、免疫功能、环境及遗传基因等均与银屑病的发生有关[8-9]。临床尚无根治该病的有效药物,目前以外涂药物,调节免疫功能和促进角质化正常治疗方案为主[10]。卤米松、卡泊三醇软膏可有效抑制皮肤细胞增生,诱导角质形成细胞分化,改善皮损情况,但仍有部分患者存在治疗效果不佳等情况,故探寻有效、安全的治疗方案十分必要。
本研究发现,姜黄汤剂辅助治疗寻常型银屑病可明显改善病情严重程度,疗效显著,降低血清IL-22水平,促进皮肤屏障恢复。IL-22R1/IL-10R2 特异性表达于皮肤、呼吸器官等机体组织的非造血细胞,在人体黏膜免疫系统、炎性或感染反应中发挥重要保护作用[11]。角质细胞、T细胞分泌的IL-20、IL-22可有效抑制角质细胞分化成银屑样表皮,银屑病患者血清IL-22水平过度表达,且机体皮损区IL-22mRNA水平过高[12-13]。IL-22可刺激角质细胞分泌β防御素-2、S100A7等多种抗微生物多肽,同时,IL-22可明显抑制角质形成细胞的分化,提高其迁移能力,进而改善机体角质形成细胞的免疫应答情况,在寻常型银屑病患者炎症反应、伤口愈合中发挥重要作用[14]。姜黄汤剂中的姜黄素属于酸性多酚类物质,可有效抑制机体过氧化氢、一氧化氮等多种氧自由基的产生,且对多种氧自由基具有强清除作用,从而抑制多种氧自由基对机体组织、黏膜及细胞的损害。姜黄素分子结构中的苯丙酰基是其发挥抗炎作用的重要特征集团,苯环上的4-酚羟基、侧链不饱和羰基中的双键可提高其抗炎症反应活性。姜黄素可降低机体NF-κB激酶活性,抑制NF-κB表达,从而达到抑制角质细胞增殖、分化的效果,改善皮损状况[15]。本研究中,姜黄汤剂辅助治疗可明显降低血清IL-22水平,改善机体免疫应答体系,发挥抗炎、抗感染作用,進而减轻患者病情,增强治疗效果,促进皮肤屏障恢复。此外,对照组有8例患者出现不良反应,研究组有6例患者出现不良反应,两组均未有停药情况发生,症状未经处理,1周内症状自行消失,姜黄素属于天然植物多酚物质,安全性良好,患者均可耐受。
综上,姜黄汤剂辅助治疗寻常型银屑病可明显改善病情严重程度,疗效显著,降低血清IL-22水平,促进皮肤屏障恢复,且安全性良好。此外,本研究仍存在不足之处,样本量过小,观察时间较短,后续可扩大样本量、延长观察时间,进一步验证该研究结论。
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[收稿日期]2021-03-10
本文引用格式:贾红侠,何焱玲,兰东,等.姜黄汤剂在治疗寻常型银屑病中的辅助价值及其对血清IL-22水平的影響[J].中国美容医学,2021,30(11):107-110.