吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液治疗小儿喘息性支气管肺炎的疗效

陈思 刘素云 万芳

摘 要 目的：分析在布地奈德、特布他林雾化治疗的基础上给予吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液对小儿喘息性支气管肺炎的临床效果。方法：将50例小儿喘息性支气管肺炎患者随机分为对照组（n=25）与观察组（n=25）。两组均给予常规治疗联合布地奈德、特布他林雾化治疗，观察组在此基础上加用吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液雾化吸入。对比两组治疗总有效率、临床症状改善时间、住院时间和药物不良反应情况。结果：观察组治疗总有效率、症状改善时间和住院时间显著优于对照组（均P<0.05）。两组不良反应发生率无统计学差异（P>0.05）。结论：布地奈德、特布他林联合吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液雾化吸入治疗小儿喘息性支气管肺炎的临床效果较好，能够提高小儿患者治疗总有效率，加快小儿患者症状、体征缓解时间，缩短其住院的时间。

关键词 布地奈德 特布他林 吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液 小儿喘息性支气管肺炎

中图分类号：R974.1； R725.6 文献标志码：B 文章编号：1006-1533（2021）19-0019-02

Effect of acetylcysteine solution for inhalation on asthmatic bronchial trachea pneumonia in children

CHEN Si， LIU Suyun， WAN Fang

（Department of Pediatrics， Pingxiang Peoples Hospital， Pingxiang 337055， China）

ABSTRACT Objective： To analyze the clinical effect of acetylcysteine solution for inhalation on asthmatic bronchial trachea pneumonia in children on the basis of treatment with budesonide and terbutaline atomization therapy. Methods： Fifty children with asthmatic bronchial trachea pneumonia were randomly divided into a control group （n=25） and an observation group （n=25）. Both groups were given routine treatment combined with budesonide and terbutaline atomization， and then the observation group was given acetylcysteine solution for inhalation atomization besides. The overall response rate and the times for the improvement of clinical signs and symptoms， hospitalization and the incidence of adverse drug reactions were compared between the two groups. Results： The overall response rate and the times for symptom improvement and hospitalization were significantly better in the observation group than the control group （all P<0.05）. The comparison of the incidence of adverse reactions in the two groups showed no statistical significance （P>0.05）. Conclusion： Nebulized inhalation of budesonide and terbutaline combined with acetylcysteine solution for inhalation for the treatment of pediatric asthmatic bronchial trachea pneumonia has a good clinical effect and can improve the overall response rate， speed up the relief of symptoms and signs and shorten the hospitalization time.

KEy wORDS budesonide； terbutaline； acetylcysteine solution for inhalation； asthmatic bronchopneumonia in children

喘息性支气管肺炎是婴幼儿常见的肺部感染性疾病之一，在冬春寒冷季节及气候骤然变化时发病率较高，病因较多，常见为细菌、病毒、肺炎支原体等感染引起肺组织炎症，使患儿呼吸膜增厚，下呼吸道阻塞，进而导致患儿出现通气与换气障碍。发热、咳嗽、气喘、气促是小儿喘息性支气管肺炎的主要临床表现，体征有呼吸增快、肺部哮鸣音及中细湿啰音等。小儿喘息性支气管肺炎若得不到有效、及时的治疗，则会引发呼吸衰竭、心力衰竭、弥散性血管内凝血等并发症，威胁到患儿的生命。目前抗菌类、抗病毒类藥物是临床治疗喘息性支气管肺炎疾病的常用方法。雾化吸入疗法可直接作用于靶器官，具有起效快、疗效好、全身不良反应少、不需要患者刻意配合等优势，已成为呼吸系统疾病的重要治疗手段[1]。本研究探讨布地奈德、特布他林联合吸入用乙酰半胱氨酸溶液雾化吸入治疗小儿喘息性支气管肺炎的临床效果，现报道如下。