黄飞鸿民俗叙事及翻译探讨

袁楚倩　黄颖贤　郭曼琳　官洁华

摘 要：黄飞鸿作为岭南文化的重要代表人物之一，其生平事迹广为传播。在讲好中国故事，传播中华文化的大背景下，整理岭南名人的民俗叙事资料，并做好外宣翻译，于对外传播岭南文化具有重要意义。以收集整理黄飞鸿民俗叙事为前提，研究叙事翻译规律为基础，对黄飞鸿民俗叙事中的人物生平部分进行翻译整理，为更多研究黄飞鸿人物生平的民俗叙事及翻译提供借鉴。

关键词：民俗叙事;黄飞鸿;人物生平翻译

中图分类号：G4 文献标识码：Adoi：10.19311/j.cnki.1672-3198.2020.03.084

1 出生（Huang Feihong's Birth）

黄飞鸿，原名黄锡祥，字达云，原籍南海西樵岭西禄舟村，咸丰六年（1856年）农历七月初九生于佛山。他童年、少年多生活在佛山，从六岁起随相传为“广东十虎”之一的父亲黄麒英习武。

Huang Feihong，formerly named Huang Xixiang，was born in Xiluzhou Village，Xiqiaoling，Nanhai District，Foshan.He was born in Foshan on the ninth day of the seventh lunar month in the sixth year of Emperor Xianfeng of the Qing Dynasty （1856）.During his childhood and boyhood，he lived in Foshan.From the age of six，he practiced martial arts with his father，Huang Qiying，one of “Guangdong Ten Tigers”.

2 卖武售药（Performing Martial Arts And Selling Medicine）

12岁时，黄飞鸿的武艺已经十分出色，开始跟随父亲在佛山、广州、顺德一带四处卖武，同时，他们还售卖跌打药及“大力丸”等。坊众均因为他小小年纪有如此不凡的身手，多乐于前来观看。飞鸿的武艺与一般卖武者不同，而且他口齿伶俐，谈吐得体有条理，远非一般江湖中人所及。父子每次卖武献技，麒英便鸣锣召众，飞鸿则表演武技。

At the age of 12，Huang Feihong's martial arts seemed very outstanding，and he began to follow his father to display the martial arts in Foshan，Guangzhou and Shunde.At the same time，they also sold herbal wine and “strong pills” and so on.Neighbours were happy to come to watch his performances because he had such extraordinary skills at his early age.Feihong's martial arts were different from those of ordinary martial arts performers.He was of speech and eloquence，far better than other people who wandered in the country.Every time the father and the son performed martial arts skills together，Qiying would beat gongs to gather audience，and Feihong would perform martial arts skills.

3 風华正茂（Feihongs Prime）

经与广州武师郑大雄一战，黄飞鸿名声大噪，顿成“少年英雄”。稍后，飞鸿于佛山街头幸遇“广东十虎”之首铁桥三的高徒林福成，在他的指点下，飞鸿学到了铁桥三的绝技铁线拳和林福成的绝技飞铊，武艺更加高强。此后黄飞鸿随父于广州乐善山房设馆授徒。当时，黄麒英觉得自己日渐年老，每日不论刮风下雨还是烈日当头在街头卖武谋生，终非良策，因此，1872年，他在铜铁行的帮助下，与黄飞鸿在广州第七甫水脚边设立了一间武馆，称“务本山房”。其后，薄有名气的黄飞鸿又被三栏行（果栏、菜栏、鱼栏）聘为行中的武术教练。

After fighting with Zheng Daxiong，a military commander in Guangzhou，Huang Feihong became famous as a “young hero”.Later，Feihong was lucky to meet Lin Fucheng，an outstanding disciple of Tie Qiaosan，who was the leader of “Guangdong Ten Tigers”.Under his guidance，Feihong learned Tie Qiaosans stunning iron-line boxing and Lin Fucheng's stunning flying top.His martial arts were even better.From then on，Huang Feihong set up a martial museum located at Leshan Martial Club in Guangzhou.At that time，Huang Qiying felt that he was getting older and that it was not a good idea to make a living by performing martial arts in the street every day，in rainy or blazing days.Therefore，in 1872，with the help of some copper-smiths and blacksmiths，Huang Feihong set up a martial arts hall near the Seventh Fushuijiao in Guangzhou，called “Wuben Martial Club”.Afterwards，the famous Huang Feihong was hired as a martial arts coach by the three hurdle lines （fruit hurdle，vegetable hurdle，fish hurdle）.

22岁时，黄飞鸿设馆于广州西关回澜桥附近，教徒受艺兼医跌打刀伤，三栏教席一职便由弟子梁宽替代。后来，他又在佛山平镇桥任蟀场护草（现场保镖），严惩歹徒，名噪一时。

At the age of 22，Huang Feihong set up a martial arts hall near Huilan Bridge in Sai Kwan，Guangzhou.Because Feihong was busy teaching martial arts skills to his disciples and treating wounds and injuries，his disciple Liang Kuan replaced him as the director of the three hurdles.Huang Feihong was once appointed Hu Cao （body guard） in a cricket-fighting court of Pingzheng Bridge in Foshan.And he was renowned for punishing the gangsters.

29歲，记名提督吴全美聘请他担任军队的技击教练，此前在回澜桥开办的武馆便宣告停业。

At 29，Huang Feihong was hired by Wu Quanmei，a provincial military commander with no power in imperial China，and served as a tactical coach for the army.The martial arts hall，which was established at Huilan Bridge，was finally closed.

1886年，30岁的黄飞鸿在广州十三行仁安里开设宝芝林药店，悬壶济世，对贫苦病者赠医施药，口碑载道。

In 1886，Huang Feihong，aged 30，set up Bao Zhi Lin drug store on Ren'an Alley in the Thirteen Hongs of Guangdong and gave medicine to the poor and sick，and for this reason，Feihong was warmly praised by local people.

4 赴台（To Taiwan）

38岁，黄飞鸿治愈了黑旗军将军刘永福多年的腿患。刘氏久慕飞鸿高超的武艺及赏识他精湛的医术，赠送了飞鸿一块刻有“医艺精通”字样的木牌匾，并聘请他为黑旗军的军医官，同时担任福字军的技击总教练。

1894年，刘永福率领军队远赴中国台湾抗击日本人的侵略。闻说飞鸿亦随福字军抵台，驻守台南。他训练军队抵抗入侵的日军，保家卫国，也可说得上是位抗日救国的民族英雄。

1895年6月，中国台湾巡抚唐景崧自立为“台湾民主国”总统，年号“永清”。闻说飞鸿被任命为殿前大将军（可惜到目前仍找不到确切的史料以供佐证）。其后，李鸿章下令各处官军不得援助台湾。清廷软弱无能，加上整个形势不利抗战，最后，刘永福护台失利而离去，黄飞鸿亦返回广州，情绪低落。遭受重大打击的他自此行医，不再公开设馆授武，据说他曾在宝芝林张榜表示：“武艺功夫，难以传授;千金不传，求师莫问。”

At the age of 38，Huang Feihong cured Liu Yongfu，general of the Black Flag Army，of his leg injuries for many years.Having long been an admirer of Feihong's superb martial arts and medical skills，Liu presented Feihong with a wooden plaque engraved with the words “Proficient in Medical Skills”，and hired him as a medical officer of the Black Flag Army，and at the same time，as the Fuzi Army's chief combat coach.

5 老年Huang Feihong's Old Age

1924年10月，广州国民政府镇压商团暴乱，西关一带房屋被毁，仁安街宝芝林也受累被焚，所有资财付与一炬，长子又告失业，黄飞鸿忧郁成疾。

1925年4月17日，黄飞鸿病逝于广州城西方便医院，终年69岁。然而那时候家徒四壁的后人甚至无力殡葬，多亏了女弟子邓秀琼出资相助，才得以埋葬到白云山麓。

In October 1924，Guangzhou National Government suppressed the rebellion of the Chamber of Commerce，destroyed houses in the Sai Kwan area，and burned Bao Zhi Lin in Ren'an Street.Huang Feihong became depressed and ill because all the money was gone and his eldest son lost his job.

On April 17，1925，Huang Feihong died in Fangbian Hospital in Western Guangzhou，aged 69.However，the descendants who were utterly destitute were even unable to hold a funeral procession and bury the deceased.Thanks to the financial assistance of the disciple Deng Xiuqiong，Feihong was finally buried at the foot of Baiyun Mountain.

参考文献

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