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带负载电流前馈的VIENNA整流器PR控制

2019-10-21宋卫章余丰戴智豪何忠祥余虎邢飞雄严骅

电机与控制学报 2019年5期
关键词:谐振扰动三相

宋卫章 余丰 戴智豪 何忠祥 余虎 邢飞雄 严骅

Abstract:Aiming at the disadvantage of the conventional PI controller of three-phase VIENNA rectifier, which has poor input AC static error and anti-load disturbance dynamic performance, a load current feed-forward proportional resonant(PR) control algorithm for VIENNA rectifier was proposed. PR controller is used to eliminate the phase difference between the input voltage and current effectively as well as realize the tracking without static error. The load current feed-forward compensation link is embedded outside the current closed loop, and the load disturbance information is directly acted on the current through the feed-forward link, which improves the dynamic adjustment time of anti-load disturbance and enhances the system immunity. The performance of the proposed method was compared with that of traditional PI control strategy. The test results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively enhance the dynamic performance and input power factor under load disturbance operation condition.

Keywords:VIENNA rectifier; proportional resonant control; load current feed-forward; static error tracking control; power factor control

0 引 言

三相三電平VIENNA整流器的输入电流正弦,直流侧电压可在一定范围内灵活控制[1-2],并且因其拓扑开关器件数目少、开关应力小、驱动信号之间无死区、可靠性高等优点受到了国内外学者广泛的关注[3-5]。

随着VIENNA整流器的应用越来越广泛,对其控制策略研究显得尤为重要。文献[6]将传统的滞环电流控制策略应用于VIENNA整流器,虽然此方法简单且动态性能较快,但该方法无法使开关频率固定,输入电流频谱范围宽,输入滤波参数设计比较困难;文献[7]在考虑电网频率波动的基础上,提出自适应比例谐振控制,能无差跟踪交流正弦参考信号,取得良好的效果;文献[8]将比例谐振控制应用于高频链逆变器获得了更小的稳态误差和较快的动态响应,避免了PI控制因跟踪信号为快速变化的正弦波而存在稳态静差的问题,但该文章并没有考虑负载扰动对系统带来的影响。

基于功率守恒原理,VIENNA整流器负载扰动会导致输出电压纹波增加,而传统直流侧电压外环由于不能直接反映负载扰动信息而无法采取有效的扰动抑制措施,又加之传统PI调节器存在固有控制延迟,受电路参数影响较大[9],从而导致直流侧电压动态调节性能较差。因此,有必要寻求一种负载前馈控制抑制负载扰动,改善系统性能。

比例谐振(proportional resonant, PR)控制器是近些年新提出的一种控制器[10],它是通过在谐振频率处极大的增益来实现对交流信号的无静差控制。PR控制器目前常被应用于有源前端整流器、不间断电源、新能源发电等领域[11-15],然而带负载电流前馈的PR控制在VIENNA整流器上的应用研究目前还未见报道。针对上述不足,本文将PR控制器拓展至三电平VIENNA整流器瞬时值闭环控制中,实现对交流电流的无误差跟踪控制,同时将负载电流前馈控制引入到控制策略中用来提高系统动态性能。

1 基于PR控制器的VIENNA整流器系统  图1为VIENNA整流器拓扑结构,由三相不控整流桥和3个双向功率开关构成,每个双向开关由2个共发射极的IGBT构成。输入侧由升压电感Ls和等效电阻Rs串联组成,直流侧由2个串联电容C1、C2与负载RL并联组成。

4 结 论

本文将PR控制器应用于VIENNA整理器的闭环控制中,且引入负载电流前馈控制环节,在保证三相交流电进行无静差控制的同时,有效地解决负载突变动态性能不佳的问题,提高了系统的抗负载扰动能力,仿真和实验结果验证了所提出的方案的可行性和正确性。

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