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如何提高高中英语阅读与语法教学时效性

2019-09-10黄冬梅

高考·下 2019年10期
关键词:教材整合语法教学

黄冬梅

摘 要:英语阅读和语法是学生学习英语不可或缺的内容。在英语教学过程中,教师要充分重视阅读和语法教学,合理整合改编教材,尽量把高考题型融合于平时的教学中,提高课堂教学实效性。

关键词:语法教学;教材整合;教学时效性

高中时期是学生英语学习生涯的重要阶段,而英语阅读和语法是学生学习英语不可或缺的内容。在英语教学过程中,教师要充分重视阅读和语法教学,合理整合改编教材,尽量把高考题型融合于平时的教学中,提高课堂教学实效性。下面是我教学实践中几点尝试,希望对从事英语教学一线教师有一定借鉴意义。

一、改编阅读课,以高考阅读题型设问

现行的北师大版的教材阅读任务的设置大部分是阅读回答题和正误判断题,在这些问题多以考查细节内容或判断有关内容的正误为主,设问缺乏层次性,未遵循由浅入深,循序渐进的原则。实际上,相当一部分学生把握不准问题的内涵和外延,在阅读时常常出现以偏概全的倾向,而且这跟高考卷的多项选择题题型设置不一样。因此,我们在教学实践中,应该保留教材中较好的阅读对答题的同时,可以适当改编成阅读多项选择题,让学生感受到教材教学与考试的联系。例如,模块4Unit 11 Lesson3 The Advertising Game中阅读任务是这样设置的:

Read the text and answer the following question

1.When does the simplest type of advertisement work?

2.Why are modern techniques of design not enough for advertisements to be noticed in modern cities?

3.What ideas do todays advertisers use to make you notice the products?

4.What has the government done during the last decade?

这四题题目设置简单,对于一级达标校的学生没有挑战性,这样的阅读效果不明显。因此,我把阅读任务做了整合改编。

Read the text and choose the right answer.

1.Which statement is right according the passage?

A.The simplest type of advertisement works when there is much competition.

B.People are not used to seeing high standard of visual design so modern advertisements can be noticed.

C.Today ‘s advertisements use humour,surprise and new and usual ideas in modern advertisements.

D.The government has worked hard at using public advertisements to educate the public.

2.Which one is not a public advertisement?

A.Fighting AIDS.      B.Saving water.        C.Helping the poor.

D. Shanghai Sewing Machine

3. whats the top advertisementsaim?

A. To create something that has never been seen before and is fascinating for people to look at.

B. To make contributions to society.

C. To use modern techniques of design.

D. To make people know their products.

4. The last paragraph is about is about_________.

A. the simplest ads B. modern ads  C. the top ads of today   D. public ads.

5. Whats the main idea of the text?

A. The advertising skills.       B. The effects of advertising.

C. With the development of the society , the advertising changes a lot.

D. The kinds of advertising.

首先,我把原先教材的閱读任务设置成第一题的正误的多细节选择题,既符合高考的题型设置,又跟教材思考方向一致。1,2,3题注重学生的细节理解,4,5段落大意和文章主旨大意题考查学生的综合理解能力。整个阅读任务的设置与高考题型相符,能够反映考纲对学生阅读能力的考查,把学生的阅读能力培养渗透到平时的教学过程,真正提高教学时效性。565BAB24-E58C-4B62-BC45-301E26F8074C

二、传统阅读课的语法讲解

使用语法翻译的方法和以教师讲解为主教学模式过多地对语言点,语法点进行讲解,只是停留在理论讲解,语言能力训练不足,学生虽听得懂,真正做题的时候又不懂得应用,理论讲解与知识应用脱节。为了解决这个问题,语法讲解我做了如下尝试:

首先,针对课文的知识点和语法点,设置了单句语法填空或者单句改错的练习,在讲解课文语法前,呈现给学生做,激发他们的学习兴趣,特别当学生遇到不懂的题目,在语法讲解时,学生学得尤其认真,记得特别牢,改变教师讲解语法时学生昏昏欲睡的狀态。例如,模块4Unit 11 Lesson3 The Advertising Game针对课文的知识点,我设置了以下练习:

语法填空:

1.Over the last decade ,the government____________________(work) hard at using advertisements to educate the public on fighting AIDS,saving water, giving up smoking,etc.

2.The top advertisers of today believe that using humour as well as new and unusual ideas to surprise people ________________ (be) important in modern advertisements.

3.Modern advertisements must stand out in a world full of competition by combining the highest standards of design with ideas_________(link) to the products to make them more attractive.

4.The information________________(consist of/make up of )what is said in the newspaper.

5.The company that________________ (consist of) 15 small factories is facing a serious financial crisis.

6.The company________________ (consist of) 15 small factories is facing a serious financial crisis.

7.The economics of national growth are of the greatest________________ (important) to all modern governments.

8.It has set an example to other museums in our country, most of________________seem to be still living in days gone by.

9.It has set an example to other museums in our country, and most of________________seem to be still living in days gone by.

10.I think he is likely________________ (win) the match tomorrow.

如以上練习,我会按照课文的主要知识点设置了适量的练习,让学生先完成.其中,1,2,3题是课文的原句挖空改编成语法填空,把课文的知识点以考题的形式呈现给学生,让学生认识到教材的知识点是如何在考试中体现出来的,让他们深切地体会到这些知识点会靠什么,怎样考。学生改变以往课文知识点与考试无关的错误观念,逐渐重视上课效率。而5,6题关于consist of知识点的设题,是定语从句和动词ing做后置定语的区分,是学生易错点。

通过两个练习的对比,学生仔细观察,破解了知识难点,提升了学生语法学习的信心和兴趣。

总之,通过以上教学实践活动,我深深地体会到了英语教学必须从学生的实际出发,根据高考的需求大胆地进行教材改编,才能真正提高英语课堂效率。

参考文献

[1]北师版高中英语教材《英语必修模块四》

[2]北师版《同步学案必修4》565BAB24-E58C-4B62-BC45-301E26F8074C

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