妇产科疾病合并糖尿病围术期的临床护理

王金芳

[摘要] 目的 探讨妇产科疾病合并糖尿病围术期的临床护理。 方法 回顾性分析2016年该院妇产科收治的87例妇产科疾病合并糖尿病患者临床资料，分析护理前后患者焦虑、抑郁评分以及对护理服务满意度。 结果 护理后，患者SAS评分和SDS评分均明显低于护理前（P<0.05）；患者对护理服务十分满意44例、比较满意43例，对护理服务满意度达到100%。结论 围术期护理服务不仅能明显改善妇产科疾病合并糖尿病患者术后焦虑和抑郁，同时还能提高护理服务满意度，值得推广借鉴。

[关键词] 妇产科疾病；糖尿病；围术期护理；护理效果

[中图分类号] R47 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1672-4062（2017）09（a）-0007-02

Clinical Nursing of Diseases in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics and Diabetes during the Perioperative Period

WANG Jin-fang

West Coast New Area Langya Health Center， Qingdao， Shandong Province， 266408 China

[Abstract] Objective To study the clinical nursing of diseases in the department of gynecology and obstetrics and diabetes during the perioperative period. Methods 87 cases of patients with diseases in the department of gynecology and obstetrics and diabetes admitted and treated in our hospital in 2016 were selected， and the anxiety， depression scores and satisfactory degree to nursing services before and after nursing were analyzed. Results After nursing， the SAS score and SDS score of patients were obviously lower than those in Care before（P<0.05）， and 44 cases of patients were very satisfied with the nursing services， 43 cases were more satisfied， and the satisfactory degree to the nursing services reached 100%. Conclusion The nursing service during the perioperative period can not only obviously improve the postoperative anxiety and depression of patients with diseases in the department of gynecology and obstetrics and diabetes but also can improve the satisfactory degree to the nursing services， and it is worth promotion and reference.

[Key words] Diseases in the department of gynecology and obstetrics； Diabetes； Nursing during the perioperative period； Nursing effect

臨床妇产科主要工作为开展妊娠、分娩、保健计划生育以及处理女性患者生殖器官性疾病[1]。然而妇产科患者有可能合并其他类型疾病，如糖尿病和心血管疾病等慢性基础性疾病。临床上在治疗妇产科疾病，尤其对于妇产科疾病合并糖尿病患者注意事项要多于普通患者，如该类患者心肝肾脏器器官并发症发生率增加，同时麻醉和手术对机体造成的应激反应，使得代谢亢进，体内皮质醇、儿茶酚和生长激素等分泌异常，不利于糖尿病患者血糖稳定[2]。该研究对妇产科疾病合并糖尿病围术期的临床护理措施进行分析，旨在为妇产科疾病合并糖尿病患者临床护理提供参考意见，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选取2016年该院妇产科收治的87例妇产科疾病合并糖尿病患者进行分析，所有妇科疾病患者其临床诊断均与《妇产科疾病》中相关妇产科疾病诊断标准相符合，且均合并2型糖尿病，未有重要组织器官异常，无严重精神和意识障碍，能与人正常交流。87例患者年龄范围为17～55岁，平均年龄为（33.6±2.2）岁，妇科疾病类型包括盆腔炎11例、子宫内膜异位症14例、子宫肌瘤10例、孕产妇52例。

1.2 方法

1.2.1 术前护理 护理人员在患者住院后协助其做好常规检查，如血常规、尿常规、肝肾功能以及血糖等；加强与患者之间的交流和沟通，对患者心理情况进行了解，同时根据患者心理情况采取针对性的护理方案，从而改善患者焦虑和抑郁等不良情绪，提高其治疗依从性；护理人员应密切关注患者血糖改变情况，对患者饮食进行合理控制和安排，针对糖尿病患者血糖情况予以对应饮食指导，如患者出现饥饿时给其增加豆制品和蔬菜等副食，科学的更换食物，尽可能保持食物多样化，防止患者因食物单调而影响饮食，严格遵守饮食原则，做到少数多餐限制盐类物质的食入；护理人指导患者合理科学用药，积极将血糖维持在合理范围内；手术前3 d，护理人员指导患者加强阴道清洗，做好清洁卫生工作，防止感染发生；术前当天，护理人员协助患者做好导泻，排除肠内粪便。endprint