经阴道与腹腔彩色多普勒超声在异位妊娠中的应用价值比较

刘敏

[摘要]目的 探讨经阴道与腹腔彩色多普勒超声在异位妊娠中的临床应用价值。方法 选取2014年1月～2016年5月我院收治的80例异位妊娠患者作为研究对象，按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组，各40例。观察组实施经阴道超声检查，对照组行经腹部超声检查，比较两组的检查前准备耗时、检查耗时，统计两组的异位妊娠诊断率及所诊断异位妊娠的部位分布。结果 观察组的检查前准备耗时为（1.9±0.4）min，显著短于对照组的（15.2±2.3）min，差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。观察组的检查耗时为（8.1±0.3）min，显著短于对照组的（10.1±0.5）min，差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。观察组的异位妊娠诊断率为97.5%，显著高于对照组的75.0%，差异有统计学意义（χ2=6.746，P=0.009）。在两组的异位妊娠部位中，发生于输卵管最常见，均>75.0%。结论 经阴道超声检查能较快且准确地判断异位妊娠的发生，尤其对于腹部脂肪较厚者，其更具临床应用优势。

[关键词]经阴道彩色多普勒超声；经腹腔彩色多普勒超声；异位妊娠

[中图分类号] R714.22 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2016）12（b）-0117-03

Comparison of application value of transvaginal and abdominal color Doppler ultrasonography in ectopic pregnancy

LIU-Min

Department of Ultrasound，Hscybele Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing，Nanjing 210000，China

[Abstract]Objective To investigate the clinical application value of transvaginal and abdominal color Doppler ultrasonography in ectopic pregnancy.Methods 80 cases of ectopic pregnancy in our hospital from January 2014 to May 2016 were selected and randomly divided into the observation group and the control group，40 cases in each group.The observation group was given transvaginal ultrasonography，and the control group was underwent with abdominal ultrasonography.The time-consuming before inspection，time-consuming inspection were compared between the two groups.The diagnostic rate of ectopic pregnancy and location distribution of ectopic pregnancy in the two groups were counted.Results The time-consuming before inspection in the observation group was （1.9±0.4） minutes，which was shorter than （15.2±2.3） minutes in the control group，with significant difference （P<0.01）.The time-consuming inspection in the observation group was （8.1±0.3） minutes，which was shorter than （10.1±0.5） minutes in the control group，with significant difference （P<0.01）.The diagnostic rate of ectopic pregnancy in the observation group was 97.5%，which was higher than 75.0% in the control group，with significant difference （χ2=6.746，P=0.009）.The occurrence site of ectopic pregnancy in the two groups，fallopian tube was the most common，which were more than 75.0%.Conclusion Transvaginal ultrasonography can diagnose the occurrence of ectopic pregnancy faster and more easily，especially for the patients with thick abdominal fat，so it has more clinical application advantage.

[Key words]Transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound；Transabdominal color Doppler ultrasound；Ectopic pregnancy

異位妊娠的定义是受精卵着床位于子宫体体腔以外，最常见的部位为输卵管壶腹部，亦可发生于卵巢、腹腔等部位[1]。异位妊娠后，如未能对孕囊及时采取干预措施，则随着孕囊的增大，可能出现腹痛甚至因孕囊导致妊娠部位破裂出血而危及患者生命的可能[2]。超声检查被认为是目前早期诊断异位妊娠最有效的方法之一，具有无创、可重复、获得结果快等优点，被临床广泛应用[3]。通过超声检查能有效判断早期异位妊娠的部位，进而为临床治疗提供一定指导，做到早发现、早诊断、早治疗，有效避免因孕囊破裂大出血而危及患者生命的情况发生[4]。目前，临床上针对妇科患者较为常用的超声检查方法有经阴道与经腹部，以上操作各有所长[5]。为更好地提高超声检查在异位妊娠中的应用价值，本研究主要探讨经阴道与腹腔超声在妇科病变鉴别诊断中的应用价值，现报道如下。