渝新欧：亚欧互联互通的骨干大通道丝绸之路经济带的大动脉

从中国重庆到德国杜伊斯堡的渝新欧国际铁路大通道是一带一路战略中一个极其重要的支撑。它是丝绸之路经济带的大动脉、亚欧互联互通的骨干大通道。

“渝新欧”横跨欧亚大陆桥。这条国际铁路通道从重庆出发，经西安、兰州、乌鲁木齐，向西过北疆铁路，到达边境口岸阿拉山口，进入哈萨克斯坦，再经俄罗斯、白俄罗斯、波兰，至德国的杜伊斯堡，全长11179公里。这条铁路由沿途六个国家铁路、海关部门共同协调建立，实行“一处关检，全程通行”。重庆到欧洲杜伊斯堡全程运行时间现在为14-16天，比海运节省30多天，比空运便宜4/5。全程GPS定位系统跟踪。

据不完全统计，“渝新欧”自正式开通以来，截至目前已开行200余班（含16班中亚班列），货物运输总量约2万标箱，货物运输周转量54亿吨公里，进出口贸易额68亿美元，占整个经阿拉山口出入境中欧班列的80%以上，这其中又包含回程班列23班，居中欧班列第一位，超过第二、三名的总和。渝新欧已经成为中欧班列的知名品牌，成为新丝绸之路经济带建设的标志性成果和新的亚欧大陆桥。

值得一提的是，由于“渝新欧”影响力扩大，货源来源也更广，重庆本地及周边产品占50%，华东地区占30%，华南占20%。这些货物分别将到达德国、波兰、捷克等国家。

2014年6月14日下午，“渝新欧”首趟回程公共固定班列抵达重庆。这趟回程班列从德国杜伊斯堡车站开出,经过波兰、白俄罗斯、俄罗斯、哈萨克斯坦,最终到达重庆团结村，其间历经了4次转关和两次换轨，全程运行11000公里，搭载的货物是长安福特公司的汽车零部件，单箱最大货值约35万欧元，专列总货值500多万欧元。

通过加强与沿线国家铁路及相关部门的合作，目前“渝新欧”已实现“1+N”的运行分拨模式——“1”即以重庆到德国杜伊斯堡为主线，“N”则可根据客户需要选择沿线国家作为集结点和分拨点。

根据重庆市政府的总体部署，重庆市政府物流办已于2014年5月23日、26日和27日，分别在德国、比利时和荷兰成立了市政府物流办欧洲联络处和办事处，充分调动和发挥国际货代集货作用，重点围绕“附加值高”“运输时效强”两个关键点，重点组织欧洲的高档日用品、整车及零配件、高档建材、高端装备等货源，为“渝新欧”回程班列的常态开行奠定基础。

此外，“渝新欧”回程班列的开行频率也大大提升。去年，回程公共固定班列先期每月开行1班，此后每月1-2班，年底实现每周一班的常态开行,进一步提升“渝新欧”的可持续性。

去年，渝新欧共开通130多班班列，创造了自2011年1月28日开行以来的最高纪录。2015年，预计总共将开行300班左右的班列，其中去程150班，回程150班。

大通道共建共享，大市场互联互通，这是激活“一带一路”发展潜力的关键抓手。中欧班列常态化运行，展现了“渝新欧”旺盛的开发势头。

Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe International Railway the Main Passage between Asia and Europe The Major Backbone of the Silk Road Economic Belt

Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe International Railway is the keynote of “One Belt and One Road”strategy.It is the main artery of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the main passage between Asia and Europe,stretching across Eurasia Land Bridge.

Starting in Chongqing,Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe International Railway passes through Xi'an,Lanzhou,Urumqi,Northern Xinjiang Railway and the Alataw pass,where it enters Kazakhstan,before continuing through Russia,Belarus and Poland,finally ending in Duisburg,Germany,stretching 11,179 kilometers.The railway is constructed by railway departments and customs of six countries along the route and there is just one customs inspection along the whole route between Chongqing and Central Asia.It takes just 14 to 16 days on average to transport goods from Chongqing to Duisburg,30 days fewer than by sea and cheaper by 4/5 than air transportation.GPS is available throughout the journey.

According to incomplete statistics,since it began operating,more than 200 trains,as of today,have been started,including 16 to Central Asia.The total cargo transport volume is 20,000 TEU,traffic turnover 5.4 billion ton kilometers and value of imports and exports 6.8 billion dollars.This accounts for over 80% among all China - Europe trains through Alataw pass.In addition,the said number also includes 23 returning trains,ranking No.1 among China - Europe trains and exceeding the sum of second and third.Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe International Railway has already become a famous brand among all the China-Europe trains.It is a prominent achievement in the construction of Silk Road economic belt and a part of Eurasian Continental Bridge.

It is noteworthy noted that the greater the influence of Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe International Railway,the broader the sources of supply.Local and side-line range of products make 50% of it,Eastern China 30%,and southern part of China 20%.Those goods will be transported to Germany,Poland,Czech Republic and other countries.

On the afternoon of June 14,2014,the first return train of Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe International Railway arrived at Chongqing.Starting in Duisburg,this train passed through Poland,the Republic of Belarus,Russia,and eventually ended in Tuanjie Village,Chongqing,running 11,000 kilometers.During this trip,it went through customs transmit four times and exchanged rail twice.The loaded goods were auto parts from Chang'an Ford Automobile Company (max.goods value of single container: EUR 350,000,total goods value of the train: EUR 5 million)

By strengthening cooperation with the national railway departments along the railway and other related departments,Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe International Railway has successfully run the “1+N”distribution mode — “1”means to take the railway from Chongqing to Duisburg as the main line while “N”means to choose distribution center along the line as clients require.

According to the general plan of Chongqing Municipal Government,the Logistics Office has set up its European liaison divisions and offices in Germany,Belgium and the Netherlands respectively on May 23,26 and 27,2014 to fully mobilize and give play to the role of an international freight forwarder.By focusing on the two key points (i.e.,"high added value" and "time-based effective transportation"),the emphasis has been put on high-end daily necessities,finished automobile and spare and accessory parts,high-quality building materials and high-end equipment.All these have laid foundation for the normalized start of the return trains.

In addition,the running frequency of trains on Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe International Railway has been greatly improved.Last year,one return public fixed train is opened every month.In the future,one or two will be opened every month.By the end of this year,there will be one regular train every week to improve its sustainability.

Last year,Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe International Railway launched more than 130 trains,setting a record since its operation on January 28,2011.In 2015,about 300 trains will start,of which 150 are leaving ones and 150 return ones.

The co-construction and sharing of Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe International Railwayand connectivity of the big market is the key to activating the development potential of “One Belt and One Road”.The normalized operation of China-Europe train showcases the sound momentum of Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe International Railway..