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二苯甲烷桥连氮杂环卡宾前体的合成及表征

2014-12-17杜冰心谭会敏秦大斌

四川文理学院学报 2014年5期
关键词:磷酸铵杂环前体

黄 昆,杜冰心,谭会敏,何 杰,秦大斌

(1.四川文理学院 化学化工学院,四川 达州635000;2.西华师范大学 化学化工学院,四川 南充637002)

0 引言

对氮杂环卡宾研究热潮的兴起,源于Arduengo等成功分离出游离的氮杂环卡宾.[1]自从Herrmann等人首次将氮杂环卡宾金属配合物用于催化后,[2]人们在此方面的研究变得日益活跃.[3-4]N-杂环卡宾金属络合物一般通过咪唑鎓盐和金属化合物反应得到.目前已经合成的N-杂环卡宾配体及其鎓盐数目众多,但以单齿配体居多.其中烷基、醚和吡啶等桥连的咪唑配体已见报道,[3-7]而以两个或多个芳环桥连的配体却很少见.[8-10]本文合成了以二苯甲烷桥连的四种咪唑/苯并咪唑类卡宾前体,并对其结构进行了1HNMR和13CNMR表征.

图1 目标化合物的合成

1 实验部分

1.1 仪器与试剂

4,4′-二碘代二苯甲烷为自制;咪唑(AR);铜粉;NaH;DMF;碘甲烷;溴乙烷;溴代正丁烷;六氟磷酸铵.Bruker 400型核磁共振仪,TMS做内标,CDCl3、DMSO-d6为溶剂.

1.2 实验步骤

4,4′-二碘代二苯甲烷是以4,4′-二氨基二苯甲烷为起始原料参照文献合成.[11]

化合物2,参照文献类似方法合成.

化合物3a-3c参照文献合成.[3]、[8-9]

化合物4参照化合物2的方法合成.

向 100mL 圆 底 烧 瓶 加 入 4(0.80g,0.002 mol),溴乙烷(0.37mL,0.005mol)、40mL THF,升温至微沸,反应1h后有白色沉淀析出,继续反应10h后,冷却至室温.过滤,滤饼用THF洗2次,溶解于甲醇,与饱和六氟磷酸铵水溶液阴离子交换得白色固体.产率:75.8%,熔点:212-214℃.

2 结果与讨论

2.1 反应条件对合成的影响

化合物2(或4)合成过程中,咪唑(苯并咪唑)需在DMF溶剂中常温搅拌约12小时左右,时间太短在一定程度上降低产率,此过程应在氮气保护下进行,否则也会影响产率.铜粉的用量不宜过多,否则反应后生成泥状沉淀给分离造成困难.

2.2 结构鉴定

化合物1,1HNMR(CDCl3,25℃,TMS)δ(ppm)3.84(s,2H,ArCH2Ar),6.90(d,4H,J=8.11Hz,ArH),7.60(d,4H,J=8.19Hz,ArH)

化合物2,1HNMR(CDCl3,25℃,TMS)δ(ppm)4.08(s,2H,ArCH2Ar),7.21(d,2H,J=0.90Hz),7.27-7.36(m,10H),7.85(s,2H,NCHN)13CNMR(CDCl3,25℃,TMS)δ(ppm)139.90,135.70,135.47,130.19,121.70,118.20,40.63.

化合物 3a,1HNMR(DMSO-d6,25℃,TMS)δ(ppm)3.92(s,6H,CH3N),4.14(s,2H,ArCH2Ar),7.57(d,4H,J=8.63Hz,Imid-azoleCH=CH),7.66-7.69(m,4H,ArH),7.90(t,2H,J=1.72Hz,ArH),8.21(t,2H,J=1.87Hz,ArH),9.65(s,2H,NCHN)13CNMR(DMSO-d6,25℃,TMS)δ(ppm)143.0,136.15,133.42,130.72,124.74,122.45,121.39,36.46

化合物3b,1HNMR(DMSO-d6,25℃,TMS)δ(ppm)1.49(t,6H,J=7.33Hz,CH2CH3),4.14(s,2H,ArCH2Ar),4.25(q,4H,J=7.30Hz,CH3CH2N),7.57(d,4H,J=8.65Hz),7.70(d,4H,J=8.65Hz,ImidazoleCH=CH),8.01(t,2H,J=1.78Hz),8.24(t,2H,J=1.87Hz),9.70(s,2H,NCHN),13HNMR(DMSO-d6,25℃,TMS)δ(ppm)143.04,135.32,133.49,130.67,123.29,122.49,121.55,45.12,15.16

化合物3c,1HNMR(DMSO-d6,25℃,TMS)δ(ppm)0.94(t,6H,J=7.37Hz),1.37-1.46(m,4H,J=7.49Hz),1.93-2.0(m,4H,J=7.49Hz),4.28(s,ArCH2Ar,2H),4.55(t,4H,J=7.29Hz),7.70-7.80(m,12H),8.21(d,2H,J=8.16Hz),10.11(s,2H,NCHN)13CNMR(DMSO-d6,25℃,TMS)δ (ppm)143.64,142.69,131.82,131.60,131.46,130.94,127.78,127.34,125.78,114.40,113.89,47.18,30.85,19.52,13.80.

化合 物 5,1HNMR(DMSO-d6,25℃,TMS)δ (ppm)1.61(t,6H,CH2CH3,J=7.27Hz),4.28(s,2H,ArCH2Ar),4.56(q,4H,CH3CH2N,J=7.26Hz),7.69-7.84(m,14H),8.20(d,2H,J=8.91Hz),10.09(s,2H,NCHN)13HNMR(DMSO-d6,25℃,TMS)δ(ppm)143.63,142.52,131.87,131.48,131.38,130.97,.127.77,127.29,125.75,114.35,113.86,42.80,14.35.

3 结论

本文合成了4个以二苯甲烷桥连的双齿氮杂环卡宾前体,简单讨论了合成条件,并对其进行了NMR表征确定结构.期望目标产物能够应用于金属络合物的合成中.

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[3]Nolan S.P.,Ed.N-Heterocyclic Carbenes in Synthesis;Wiley-VCH :Weinheim[J].Germany,2006(2):374-379.

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