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“完成句子”题型之考点窥探

2014-07-25文/朱思新

新课程·中旬 2014年5期
关键词:语法知识注意问题

文/朱思新

摘 要:湖北高考英语试题中的完成句子题是考查学生英语书面表达能力的一种题型,这类题通过给一个提示词,要求学生把句子补充完整,主要考查学生对词汇用法、语法知识、句型结构的运用掌握情况。

关键词:语法知识;出题规律;注意问题

一、考查方向及规律

(一)时态语态

1.【2010,78题】Last nights TV news said that by then the death of the missing people hadnt been proved yet.(prove)

2.【2012,77题】In response to the audiences great demand,the play will(would) be put on in the theat.(put)

从上述例子中可以看出,时态和语态往往同时考查,有时在考查从句和特殊句型的同时,也考查时态和语态的运用。再如,

3.【2010,74题】The news that house prices will fall has caused many people to sell their houses at lower prices.(fall)

4.【2013,73题】The chief engineer together with his colleagues has been looking for/has looked for new scientific methods of farming since five years ago.(look)

(二)非谓语动词考查非谓语动词及其变式,注意它们在句子中的运用,考查作状语的情况较多。

5.【2010,72题】Painted/Having been painted red,the building stands out among the rest and looks very attractive.(Paint)

6.【2010,73题】Not knowing how to use /Being unable to use/Not being able to use a computer makes it more difficult for him to do his academic research.(use)

考查非谓语动词及其变式,注意它们在句中作某种句子成分的作用,考查作状语的较多。

7.【2011,74题】Holding the keys in his hand,he looked for them everywhere.(hold)

8.【2012,72题】Popularly regarded as one of the best American films ever made,The Godfather is a milestone of cinema.(regard)

(三)名词性从句

考查名词性从句,主要是考查连接词及时态、语态的运用。

9.【2011,76题】What delighted the fans/What made the fans delighted was that the young player performed extremely well in the table tennis tournament.(delight)

10.【2012,80题】Things arent always what they appear (to be) (appear).

(四)状语从句

考查状语从句主要是考查连词的应用以及从句的时态、语

态等。

11.【2010,80题】As we have stressed many times,“serve the people” is our first policy.(stress)

12.【2011,79题】Be careful!The machine starts the moment you press the button.(moment)

13.【2012,76题】However hard I (had) tried,I could not read his handwriting.(try)

(五)定语从句

主要考查连接词、时态、语态和主谓一致的问题。

14.【2010,77题】My mother was so proud of all (that) I had done that she rewarded me with a trip to Beijing.(do)

15.【2013,77题】Through the course of my schooling, I met many teachers,two of whom influenced/have infuenced/having influ-enced me greatly.(influence)

通过上述归类可以看出,完成句子题大多数是考查动词的运用。因此,学生首先必须熟练掌握动词的时态、语态等问题;其次,对一些从句、特殊句式、固定结构等也要熟练运用。

二、需注意的问题

同时,学生在日常学习中应防止出现以下问题:

1.对句子结构不够熟悉,容易受英汉表达思维差异的影响,按照汉语习惯写句子。

2.对惯用句型记忆不牢。学生要注意分析和掌握常用句型。

3.对复合宾语结构不熟悉,特别是使役动词have,make等。此外还有感官动词see,watch,notice...+sb./sth.+do/doing的用法和区别问题。

4.对语态表达差异不清楚。英汉句子中有时“被”的意义不明显,学生把主动语态与被动语态没有区别开来,不知用何种语态。

参考文献:

陈振国.浅谈2011年高考英语湖北卷“完成句子”题型.湖北招生考试,2011(28).

编辑 张珍珍

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