甾体类药物治疗子宫内膜异位症效果观察
2013-04-10雷德英
雷德英
(四川省乐至县中医医院妇产科,四川 乐至 641500)
现代医学
甾体类药物治疗子宫内膜异位症效果观察
雷德英
(四川省乐至县中医医院妇产科,四川 乐至 641500)
目的:观察甾体类药物米非司酮治疗子宫内膜异位症的疗效。方法:92例子宫内膜异位症患者,均行开腹手术剔除异位囊肿,术后随机分为两组。观察组46例给予米非司酮治疗,对照组46例给予孕三烯酮治疗,疗程均为6个月,随访6~24个月,观察两组患者治疗前后症状、体征、妊娠率及不良反应。结果:观察组治愈31例,有效12例,无效3例,复发3例,总有效率93.48%,复发率6.52%。对照组治愈31例,有效13例,复发2例,无效2例,总有效率95.65%,复发率4.35%。两组总有效率比较无显著性差异,(P>0.05)。观察组不良反应9例(19.57%),不良反应分别为阴道不规则出血、转氨酶升高;对照组发生不良反应46例(100%),不良反应除阴道不规则出血、转氨酶升高外,主要为雄性激素作用产生的体重、体毛增加及痤疮。两组不良反应发生率比较具有显著性差异,(P<0.05)。结论:甾体类药物米非司酮是治疗子宫内膜异位症较理想药物,使用后,可使子宫内膜萎缩,在确保治疗效果、缓解症状的同时不良反应少,可作为治疗子宫内膜异位症的首选药物。
甾体类药物;米非司酮;子宫内膜异位症
2009年3月至2010年3月我们将92例子宫内膜异位症患者随机分为两组,在手术剔除异味囊肿后,分别给予甾体类药物米非司酮与孕三烯酮治疗,报道如下。
1 临床资料
92例随机分为两组。观察组46例,年龄21~41岁、平均(32.5±21.5)岁,合并不孕26例。对照组46例,年龄21~42岁、平均(33.5±22.5)岁,合并不孕25例。两组年龄,手术后病理分期等比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。两组术后病理分期见表1。
表1 两组手术后病理分期比较 例(%)
临床表现为程度不同的痛经、性交痛、慢性盆腔痛。开腹手术后均病理检查证实为子宫内膜异位症,且术前3个月未服用过激素类药物,实验室检查心、肝、肾功能及血尿常规指标无异常。排除恶性肿瘤、糖尿病、高血压患者。
2 治疗方法
手术方法:术者一手握住卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿,另一手在卵巢与囊肿分界处环绕卵巢作切口,其深度达结缔组织层。用刀刃推刮卵巢与囊肿之间的粘连组织。在推刮过程中若遇到粘连牢固的纤维条索可作谨慎切割。
观察组术后给予甾体类药物米非司酮,12.5mg,每日1次,口服,疗程6个月。对照组术后给予孕三烯酮,2.5mg,1周2次,口服,疗程6个月。
3 疗效标准
治愈:无盆腔包块,体检无阳性体征,症状消失。有效:体检无阳性体征,无盆腔包块,症状减轻。无效:体检有阳性体征,发现盆腔包块,症状减轻不明显。复发:再次出现症状或B超检测有盆腔包块。
4 治疗结果
观察组治愈31例,有效12例,无效3例,复发3例,总有效率93.48%,复发率6.52%。对照组治愈31例,有效13例,无效2例,复发2例,总有效率95.65%,复发率4.35%,两组比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。两组不良反应见表2。
表2 两组治疗后不良反应比较 例(%)
5 讨 论
具有生长功能的子宫内膜出现在子宫腔被覆黏膜以外的机体其他部位时,统称子宫内膜异位症[1]。发生内膜异位的部位主要有卵巢、其它盆腔器官、宫骶韧带、腹壁切口等,卵巢子宫内膜异位症囊肿是临床最常见类型,约占子宫内膜异位症的80%[1],还有部分发生在会阴、小肠等处[2]。子宫内膜异位症的高发人群是青年妇女,最突出的临床表现为痛经、不孕等[3,4]。子宫内膜异位症可采用外科手术治疗与药物保守治疗[5],但手术后复发率较高,据统计,复发率超过25%[6]。手术后给予药物治疗可减少复发[7]。
目前用于治疗子宫内膜异位症的药物很多,如孕三烯酮、GnRH-a[8,9]、丹那唑、米非司酮等。孕三烯酮有抗孕激素和抗雌激素作用,疗效与丹那唑相近,副作用相对丹那唑低,具有高雄激素症状。GnRH-a价格昂贵。米非司酮于上世纪90年代初用于治疗子宫内膜异位症[10],药理作用是结合孕酮受体以及糖皮质激素受体,通过多个环节使病灶萎缩,疼痛缓解,由于米非司酮无孕激素、雄激素、雌激素及抗雌激素,因此不良反应较小。观察结果显示,观察组不良反应9例、发生率为19.57%,不良反应分别为阴道不规则出血、转氨酶升高。对照组发生不良反应46例、发生率100%,不良反应除阴道不规则出血、转氨酶升高外,主要为雄性激素作用产生的体重、体毛增加及痤疮。因此,甾体类药物米非司酮是治疗子宫内膜异位症较理想的药物。
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The observation of the effect for steroidal anti-drug in the treatment of endometriosis
Leide Ying
(Sichuan Province Lezhi Chinese Medicine Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology 641500 china)
Objective:To observe the efficacy of steroidal drug mifepristone in the treatment of endometriosis.Method:92 cases of endometriosis patients from March 2009 to March 2010 were chosen as the research object.All patients were with laparoscopic surgery.They were randomly divided into two groups,the observation group of 46 patients was given steroids mifepristone treatment,and the control group of 46 cases was treated with gestrinone treatment.The course was of 6 months,all patients were followed up for 6~24 months,and the symptoms,signs,pregnancy rate and side effects for the two groups of patients before and after treatment were observed.Results:There were 31 cases cured,12 cases was effective in the observation group,the total efficiency rate was 93.48%.The invalid and recurrence was in three cases,the recurrence rate was 6.52%.There were 31 cases cured,13 cases effective in the control group,and the total efficiency rate was 95.65%.The relapse and ineffective was in two cases,the recurrence rate was 4.35%,there was no significant difference between the two groups,and there was not statistically significant,P>0.05.There were nine cases of adverse reactions in the observation group,and the incidence rate was 19.57%.The adverse effects were of irregular bleeding,transaminase increased.The adverse reactions in the control group was 46 cases,the incidence of adverse reactions was 100%.In addition to irregular bleeding,elevated aminotransferases the role of the male hormone,body weight,body hair and acne,the difference was significant,there was statistically significant P<0.05.Conclusion:The steroidal drug mifepristone is the better drug for the treatment of endometriosis.After treatment for the patents,the endometrial is shriveled.At the time of ensuring the treatment effect,alleviating the side effects,the clinical symptoms significantly reduced.It can be used as the first choice for the treatment of endometriosis.
steroidal drugs;mifepristone;endometriosis
R711.71
B
1004-2814(2013)01-044-02
2012-07-20