多群体模型下策略集的进化稳定
2010-07-17张涛
张 涛
多群体模型下策略集的进化稳定
张 涛
(广西工学院 信息与计算科学系,广西 柳州 545006)
为了寻求策略在动力学下的进化稳定性,克服严格纳什均衡的缺陷,定义了一个纯策略弱优回应映射,得到了任意保号选择动力学,若面在纯策略弱优回应映射下是闭的,则它是渐进稳定的.
纯策略弱优回应映射;保号选择动力学;渐进稳定
1 引言与问题的提出
多群体模型是指假定有多个无限大群体,重复地从每个群体中抽取一个个体,假定个体原来采用一个特定的纯策略或混合策略,博弈可能是对称的,也可能是非对称的,于是在这种模型下研究策略组合的稳定性.
2 基本概念
定义2.7 若正则选择动力学,满足:
则称此正则选择动力学为保号选择动力学[6](SPS).
3 主要结论
这一结论揭示了一个面在保号选择动力学下是渐进稳定的,只与纯策略有关,而与混合策略无关.
4 应用
例1 在Van Damme[3]4901989年的文章中有下面的博弈:
图1 两人博弈图
[1] RITZBERGER K, WEIBULL J W. Evolutionary selection in normal form games[J]. Econometrica, 1996, 63: 137-99.
[2] BALKENBORG D, SCHLAG K H. Evolutionarily stable sets[J]. International Journal of Game Theory, 2000, 29: 571-95.
[3] VAN Damme E. Stable equilibria and forward induction[J]. Journal of Economic Theory, 1989, 48: 476-96.
[4] CRESSMAN R. The stability concept of evolutionary game theory [M]. Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1992.
[5] WEIBULL J W. Evolutionary game theory[M]. Cambridge MA: MIT Press, 1995.
[6] BASU K, WEIBULL J. Strategy subsets closed under rational behavior[J]. Economics letters, 1991, 36: 141-46.
[责任编辑:孙建平]
The Evolutionary Stability of the Strategy Set under the Multi-population Model
ZHANGTao
In order to search for the evolutionary stability of the strategy in dynamics and overcome the shortcomings of the strict Nash equilibrium, a pure-strategy better reply correspondence is defined and random sign-preserving dynamics is obtained. If the face is closed under the pure-strategy better reply correspondence, then it is asymptotically stable in sign-preserving selection dynamics.
pure-strategy better reply correspondence; sign-preserving system dynamics; asymptotical stability
1006-7302(2010)01-0064-04
O225
A
2009-06-19
广西工学院硕士基金资助项目(院科字500563)
张涛(1974—),男,湖南长沙人,讲师,硕士研究生,研究方向:对策论,E-mail: taozhangmaths@126.com.