在阅读中激趣 在建构中理解
2021-09-05胡林花
胡林花
【教学内容】
译林版小学《英语》六年级(下册)Unit 8 Our dreams
【教学目标】
1. 知识目标
① 能在故事的语境中听懂、理解、会说词汇dream, future, care about, tooth, astronaut, spaceship, football player, World Cup, dancer, pianist, come true。
② 能听懂、理解、会说句型:“-What do you want to (be)? - I want to (be) ...”
2. 能力目标
①能在教师的指导下理解故事,并朗读课文。
②能够借助图片、板书等的帮助,尝试复述故事内容。
③能初步运用所学句型谈论自己的梦想。
3. 情感目标
能树立正确的价值观、人生观,对自己的人生规划有正确的理解和定义。
【教学过程】
一、读前活动
1.欣赏绘本,激发兴趣
播放Anthony Brown的英文绘本Willy the Dreamer的视频,让学生尽可能地记忆视频中出现的职业名称,初步讨论Willy的梦想。
T: What jobs are in Willys dreams?
S1: A singer ...
T: Lets read them all. What do you think of Willys dreams?
S2: Some dreams are wonderful.
2.插图入手,预设话题
呈现插图,学生预测故事的话题并说出依据。
T: Look at these pictures and choose what the topic is today.
Ss: Our dreams.
T: How do you know?
Ss:From the pictures. They are thinking about the jobs in the future.
(设计意图:读前活动激活旧知,迅速进入话题氛围。学生在观看绘本视频后,复习职业名称并讨论梦想特点,对梦想的界定有直观感受。接着学生通过课文插图辨析核心话题,为文本学习做好铺垫。)
二、读中活动
1.快读文段,匹配信息
学生默读全文,迅速圈出男孩们的梦想职业,并完成Match and say。
S1: Mike wants to be a dentist.
T: Dentist is the doctor who cure ______.
Ss: Teeth! (学习dentist)
S2: Wang Bing wants to be an astronaut.
T: We should read it into three parts: as/tro/naut.(学习astronaut)
T: Which astronaut do you know?
Ss: 加加林、阿姆斯特朗、杨利伟……
T:Wow, they flew to the space. How cool!
S3: Liu Tao wants to be a football player.
T: Who is the football player of our school team in this class?(学习football player)
完成板书:Boys want to be ...
(设计意图:读中活动是阅读教学的关键环节。教师既要帮助学生理解文本内容,还要指导学生掌握阅读策略,发展阅读能力。按照“总—分—总”的阅读模式,教师将文本分为两部分来探究内涵。男生梦想匹配活动是学生自主建构的第一步,既建立了语言和情景之间的联系,又在学习生词的过程中培养了学生观察、思维的能力,从而内化了语言学习策略。)
2.再读此段,深入理解
教師进一步提出问题:“男孩们为何有此梦想?”并指导细读策略:逐句阅读+使用笔记符号。
Q1: Why does Mike want to be a dentist?
S1: Because many children dont care about
their teeth, Mike wants to help them.(学生回答的同时,呈现文中线索)
T: Which means “care about”, brushing teeth twice a day or eating many sweets?
Ss: Brushing teeth twice a day.(学习care about)
T: Yeah, dentists can help us take care of our teeth.
Q2: Why does Wang Bing want to be an astronaut?
S2: Because Wang Bing wants to fly a spaceship to the moon.
T: Who first flew the spaceship to the moon in the world?
Ss: 加加林!
T:(课件呈现加加林和他乘坐的宇宙飞船)Look, this is Gagarin,and this is his spaceship.(学习spaceship)
Q3: Why does Liu Tao want to be a football player?
S3:Because Liu Tao wants to play in the World Cup some day.
T: Here are some information about World Cup. Can you fill?
Ss: There is one every four years. Football players from all over the world try their best to play in this game. (學习World Cup)
T: All the boys dreams are great!
完成板书第二步:Boys want to do ...
(设计意图:在解读文本内容和学习词汇的过程中,教师还插入了思维点,让学生从不同角度去推测、思考,并获取更为丰富的信息。学生在文本内容和师生多重话轮交流的情境中,自主建构并有效挖掘文本内涵,丰富了对文本的认识。)
3.观看视频,自主建构
学生观看课文第二部分视频,完成作业纸(与板书格式相同)上女生们的梦想。小组内反馈、讨论答案,最后由小组代表陈述答案。
S1: Su Hai wants to be a dancer. She wants to be healthy and beautiful.
T: Dancer is the person who dances _____.
Ss: Well.(学习dancer)
T: Is dancing useful?
Ss: Yes, dancing makes people healthy and beautiful.
S2: Nancy wants to be a writer. She wants to write stories for children.
T: Do you like reading stories?
Ss: Yes, we do.
T:Reading makes people happy and beautiful. Read more, get more.
S3:Yang Ling wants to be a pianist. She wants to be happy.
T:The person who plays ______ well is a pianist.(学习pianist)
T: It is said that music makes people happy. When a pianist plays the piano at the concert,who will be happy?
Ss:The pianist will be happy. The other people at the concert will be happy too.
T:So we can say Yang Ling wants to be happy and make others happy.
(设计意图:任务驱动,学生自主学习文本第二部分。因为行文结构与第一部分相同,学生可以将之前习得的阅读策略运用其中。随后,学生在独立获取信息的基础上,在小组内分享信息,互助解决问题,培养了小组合作互助的精神。最后,小组代表在框架语言的提示下,连贯、完整地表述信息。连贯的三个活动实现了语言教学由“扶”到“放”的自然过渡。教师不遗余力地为学生创设深入学习新知的语境,学生在循序渐进的思维训练中实现大容量的语言输入,为后续输出打下基础。)
三、读后活动
读后活动是对阅读质量的检查和评估,也是对文本内容的拓展与延伸。教师设计了两个任务,促使学生通过思考内化语言,完成从汲取知识到发展能力的过渡。
1.聚焦板书,复述文本
教师引导学生根据板书内容有条理地复述文本内容。“鱼骨图”板书形式巧妙地呈现了文本核心内容,条理性强。学生借助板书中的语言支架复述所学文本内容,巩固所学知识。
2.创设情境,升华情感
教师创设“未来之门”的场景,并设置了两个问题让学生自由表达:“你的梦想是什么?原因是什么?”接下来,教师又设计了两个启发性的问题,引发学生的思考:“梦想能带给你什么?为了实现梦想,你应该做些什么?”
T: Fantastic, you can get so much! So, we should remember that. Everyone can have a dream. Dream can make us happy and strong. It can bring hope to us. To make our dreams come true, we should try our best from now on.
(设计意图:教师带领学生回归本课话题,通过创设新情境的方式,激发学生的表达欲望,两个文本核心问题设置在先,学生有机会充分表达;而后两个递进性的问题可充分训练学生的思维能力,提高他们的表达能力。)
四、家庭作业
教师设计了三项家庭作业:1.熟练朗读课文。2.在班级内调查更多人的梦想,绘制、填充“鱼骨图”,并准备汇报。3.朗读绘本Willy the Dreamer。
(设计意图:熟练朗读课文能让学生巩固所学语言,体会学习的成就感;调查并绘制“鱼骨图”在教材外进行了拓展,能培养学生与人交际和自主学习的能力;朗读绘本是夯实课堂教学环节,可培养学生课后阅读的习惯,同时此绘本持续出现在后续课时的教学中,可为后续学习做好铺垫。)
(作者单位:江苏省扬州市邗江区美琪学校)