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妊娠期高血压疾病患者血清TLR4和HMW-ADP的水平变化与临床意义研究

2021-03-27张大微袁丽娟王连涛初晓丽刘艳丽

中国医学创新 2021年26期
关键词:妊娠期高血压疾病血清

张大微 袁丽娟 王连涛 初晓丽 刘艳丽

【关键词】 妊娠期高血压疾病 血清 TLR4 HMW-ADP

[Abstract] Objective: To investigate the clinical significance and change of serum TLR4 and HMW-ADP level of patients with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Method: A total of 30 patients with gestational hypertension from October 2018 to April 2019 were selected as group A, 30 patients with mild preeclampsia were selected as group B, 30 patients with severe preeclampsia were selected as group C, and 30 healthy pregnant women during the same period were selected as group D for retrospective study. Serum TLR4, related indexes (NF-κB, IL-1β, IL-8 and IL-18) and HMW-ADP were detected and compared among four groups. At the same time, the test results of patients with different hypertension outcomes in group A, B and C were compared. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the relationship between serum TLR4 and related indicators, HMW-ADP and the outcome of hypertension. Spearman rank correlation was used to analyze the relationship between the above serum indexes and the severity of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Result: Comparison of serum TLR4 and related indexes and HMW-ADP among four groups, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Serum TLR4 and related indexes in group A, B and C were significantly higher than those in group D, group C were significantly higher than those in group A and B, group B were significantly higher than those in group A, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The serum HMW-ADP in group A, B and C were significantly lower than that in group D, group C was significantly lower than those in group A and B, group B was significantly lower than that in group A, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Comparison of serum TLR4 and related indicators and HMW-ADP in patients with different hypertension outcomes in group A, B and C, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum TLR4 and related indicators were positively correlated with the outcome of hypertension, and serum HMW-ADP was negatively correlated with the outcome of hypertension (P<0.05). Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that serum TLR4 and related indicators were positively correlated with the severity of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, and serum HMW-ADP was negatively correlated with the severity of hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (P<0.05). Conclusion: The expression of serum TLR4 and HMW-ADP level of patients with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are significantly abnormal, and they are closely related to severity degree, so their detection value in these patients with hypertensive disorder of pregnancy are higher.

[Key words] Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy Serum TLR4 HMW-ADP

First-author’s address: Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen 518104, China

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2021.26.031

妊娠期高血压疾病的危害较大,是导致母婴死亡的一类产科常见疾病,其在临床的发病率为5%~10%,因此是临床重视程度及防控、诊治需求极高的一类疾病。临床与妊娠期高血压疾病相关的研究中,关于血液指标的研究较多,本类指标的标本采集相对简便,因此掌握此类指标的临床需求较高[1-2]。近年来临床中关于血清TLR4和HMW-ADP在高血压中的研究可见,且多数研究对上述指标与高血压的关系给予了肯定[3-5],但是其在妊娠期高血压疾病及疾病严重程度、高血压转归中的检测意义研究未见。本研究就妊娠期高血压疾病患者血清TLR4和HMW-ADP的水平变化与临床意义进行探究,现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料 选取2018年10月-2019年4月的30例妊娠期高血压患者为A组,30例轻度子痫前期患者为B组,30例重度子痫前期患者为C组,同时选取同期的30例健康孕妇为D组,进行回顾性研究。(1)纳入标准:≥20岁;A组为妊娠期高血压患者,B组为轻度子痫前期患者,C组为重度子痫前期患者,D组为健康同龄孕妇。(2)排除标准:双胎及多胎;合并其他妊娠期疾病;妊娠前合并糖尿病、高血压及其他慢性疾病;合并创伤及感染。研究对象均签署知情同意书,本研究经医院伦理学委员会批准。

1.2 方法 采集A、B、C组治疗前空腹8~12 h的静脉血5 mL,D组也于空腹8~12 h采集静脉血5 mL,以3 000 r/min的速度离心10 min,采集血清进行血清TLR4及相关指标(NF-κB、IL-1β、IL-8及IL-18)、HMW-ADP的检测,均采用酶联免疫法进行定量检测,由两名经验丰富者按照相关标准进行操作检测。

1.3 观察指标 比较四组的血清TLR4及相关指标、HMW-ADP的水平,同时比较A、B、C组中不同高血压转归情况(产后42 d进行检查,判断是否遗留高血压)患者的检测结果。采用Pearson相关性分析血清TLR4及相关指标、HMW-ADP与高血压转归情况的关系,采用Spearman秩相关分析上述血清指标与妊娠期高血压疾病严重程度的关系。

1.4 统计学处理 采用SPSS 23.0软件对所得数据进行统计分析,计量资料用(x±s)表示,比较采用t检验,重复测量的计量资料进行方差分析;计数资料以率(%)表示,比较采用字2检验;关系分析采用Pearson相关性分析及Spearman秩相关分析处理。以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。

2 结果

2.1 四组一般资料比较 A组年龄20~35岁,平均(28.6±5.9)岁;孕周28.0~36.5周,平均(32.3±2.0)周;初产妇20例,经产妇10例。B组年龄20~36岁,平均(28.8±5.6)岁;孕周28.0~36.8周,平均(32.2±1.8)周;初产妇21例,经产妇9例。C组年龄21~36岁,平均(28.7±5.8)岁;孕周28.5~36.5周,平均(32.1±1.9)周;初產妇20例,经产妇10例。D组年龄20~36岁,平均(28.9±5.7)岁;孕周28.0~36.5周,平均(32.2±1.9)周;初产妇21例,经产妇9例。四组一般资料比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。

2.2 四组血清TLR4及相关指标、HMW-ADP比较 四组血清TLR4及相关指标、HMW-ADP比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A、B、C组血清TLR4及相关指标均显著高于D组,C组均显著高于A、B组,B组均显著高于A组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A、B、C组血清HMW-ADP均显著低于D组,C组显著低于A、B组,B组显著低于A组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。见表1。

2.3 A、B、C组中不同高血压转归情况者的血清TLR4及相关指标、HMW-ADP比较 A、B、C组中不同高血压转归情况患者的血清TLR4及相关指标、HMW-ADP比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),见表2。

2.4 血清指标与高血压转归情况、妊娠期高血压疾病严重程度的关系分析 Pearson相关性分析显示,血清TLR4及相关指标与高血压转归情况呈正相关,血清HMW-ADP与高血压转归情况呈负相关(P<0.05);Spearman秩相关分析显示,血清TLR4及相关指标与妊娠期高血压疾病严重程度呈正相关,血清HMW-ADP与妊娠期高血压疾病严重程度呈负相关(P<0.05)。见表3。

3 讨论

妊娠期高血压疾病作为妊娠期的严重疾病之一,是导致孕产妇死亡的第二大原因,因此是临床研究较多的方面,也是妊娠期的重点防控与诊治方面。近年来临床中关于妊娠期高血压疾病发生发展相关指标的研究多见,其中血液指标的研究是重点[6-7]。TLR4作为在高血压中研究较多的指标,其在妊娠期高血压疾病患者中的表达变化研究可见,而其相关指标中的NF-κB、IL-1β、IL-8及IL-18作为与血管炎性损伤密切相关的指标,其在高血压疾病患者的血液中多呈现高表达状态[8-9],但是在妊娠期高血压疾病患者中的细致表达变化研究相对不足,因此本方面进一步的细致探究需求较高。另外,HMW-ADP是在血管内皮细胞保护中作用突出的一类指标,其在抗炎及抗动脉粥样硬化方面具有积极的作用[10-13],但是其在妊娠期高血压疾病孕产妇中的表达变化研究同样较为欠缺,因此对本方面的探究需求较高。

本研究就妊娠期高血压疾病患者血清TLR4和HMW-ADP的水平变化与临床意义进行探究,本研究结果显示,妊娠期高血压疾病患者的血清TLR4及相关指标显著高于健康孕妇,HMW-ADP则显著低于健康孕妇,同时,越为严重的患者其异常幅度相对越大,且遗留高血压者的表达显著异于无遗留高血压者,且Pearson相关性分析及Spearman秩相关分析肯定了上述指标与高血压转归情况及疾病严重程度的关系。分析原因,越为严重的患者其血管受损情况越为严重[14-16],因此相关指标表达越为异常,同时其血管内皮受损情况越为突出,因此在本类患者的严重程度及疾病发展转归方面均有积极的检测作用[17-20]。

综上所述,笔者认为妊娠期高血压疾病患者血清TLR4和HMW-ADP的表达显著异常,且与疾病严重程度及高血压转归有密切的关系,因此在妊娠期高血压疾病患者中的检测价值较高。

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(收稿日期:2021-08-05) (本文编辑:姬思雨)

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