妙用新版教材 突破读后续写——以新人教版教材必修三Unit 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES 为例

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读后续写将阅读和写作紧密结合起来。教师在教学时可以根据学生的语言水平，挑选一篇内容有趣、难度适中且没有结尾的故事，让学生在理解原文的基础上，充分发挥想象力，续写一个150 词左右的故事。

教师要想提升学生的读后续写能力，需引导学生创造性地使用高中英语新版教材。新版教材（以人教版为例）紧跟时代潮流，培育社会主义核心价值观，充分体现了英语课程工具性和人文性的统一，发展学生的语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力等英语学科核心素养。全国优秀专家在编撰教材时注重教材的真实性、趣味性、规范性和经典性，所以教材里面的阅读主题覆盖面广，语篇体裁和题材丰富，能激发学生的学习兴趣和动机。教师充分利用这些专家精挑细选的优质文章来训练学生的读后续写能力，能达到事半功倍的效果。所以教师要引导学生创造性地使用新版教材、妙用教材，提升学生的衔接能力、想象能力、准确地使用丰富的词汇和语法结构的能力，最终提升续写能力。

一、妙用教材词汇，提升衔接能力和想象能力

教师要想提升学生的读后续写能力，必须引导学生提升文章段与段之间的衔接能力和想象能力。教师要创造性地使用教材里面的词汇，在学生充分了解词汇的用法后，让学生衔接句子、编撰故事，这样既能让学生准确使用词汇，又能提升学生的衔接能力、丰富他们的想象力，最终为增强学生的读后续写能力打下扎实的基础。

（一）续写句子

在提升学生的读后续写能力时，教师很容易忽略教材中的词汇。其实，教师可以引导学生利用教材中的词汇造句，然后衔接下一句。这样，学生不仅能熟悉词汇，更能提升衔接能力和想象能力。

1.口语练习：学生之间可以利用教材词汇口头造句，让同桌衔接句子。学生既能熟悉单元词汇、锻炼口语，更能提升衔接能力和想象能力。但学生在发挥想象力续写句子时，必须注意句子的连贯性。下面所给的10 个句子都使用了新人教版教材必修三Unit 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES里面的词汇：moral,virtue,dilemma,precious,accident,whisper,memory,tend to do sth.,retire,tension。练习如下：

(1) Dad came along to give me some moral support.___________________.

(2) His virtue is patience. _________________________________________________.

(3) I am in a dilemma about this job offer._________________________.

(4) We can’t afford to waste precious time._______________________.

(5) I met her quite by accident.__________________________________________.

(6) You don’t have to whisper.___________________________________________.

(7) My mother has a terrible memory for names._______________.

(8) Women tend to live longer than men.____________________________.

(9) He was forced to retire early because of poor health._________________________________________________.

(10) The tension became unbearable and I wanted to scream._________________________________________________.

答案：(1) It comforted me greatly.(2) With this good quality,he has a lot of friends.(3) So I turn to my parents for suggestions.(4) Because the final exam is coming.(5) But she pretended not to know me.(6) There is nobody and no one can hear us.(7) Sometimes,she even can’t remember my father’s name.(8) It is no wonder that my grandmother lives longer than my grandfather.(9) But now he is stronger with exercise.(10) Finally,I overcame the tension and did my job well.

2.书面练习：这个书面练习是有限制条件的，学生在发挥想象力、注重连贯性的同时，所续写的句子必须至少使用一个括号内的单词，括号内的单词是新人教版教材必修三Unit 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES 里面的词汇：majority,respond,hire,reject,scare,energetic,pass away,despair,flexible,income。练习如下：

(1) Dad came along to give me some moral support._____________________.(majority,respond)

(2) His virtue is patience.______________________________.(hire,reject)

(3) I am in a dilemma about this job offer.______________________.(scare,energetic)

(4) We can’t afford to waste precious time._____________________.(pass away,despair)

(5) I met her quite by accident.____________________________________________.(flexible,income)

答 案：(1) I responded with a smile.(2) So he is hired by a big company.(3) I ask my best friend for help who never scares anything and is always energetic.(4) Otherwise,we will have nothing before we pass away and it will make us in despair.(5) When she asked me about my income,I gave her a flexible answer.

（二）编写词汇故事

教师可以指导学生利用单元词汇编写故事，这有助于学生在灵活应用单元词汇的基础上，进一步提升想象力和逻辑分析能力，为编写一个精彩的故事做好铺垫。例如，笔者设计了利用新人教版教材必修三Unit 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES里面的10 个单词编撰一个故事的2 个练习，具体如下：

练习1：根据下面10 个关键词语编写一个故事，完成故事后，请用下划线标出所给的关键词语。关键词语：moral,virtue,dilemma,precious,accident,whisper,memory,tend to do sth.,retire,tension。

答案：After having an accident,Lily has been in a dilemma that her memory became worse and worse.It made her in tension and she tended to retire from her school.At that time,a student with precious moral and virtue whispered to her,“I can help you with your study.”Lily was moved.

练习2：根据下面10 个关键词语编写一个故事，完成故事后，请用下划线标出所给的关键词语。关键词语：majority,respond,hire,reject,scare,energetic,pass away,despair,flexible,income。

答 案：The majority of staff hired by a restaurant were in despair.Because their kind boss passed away.They were also scared by the possibility that the restaurant would be closed so they would have no income.Luckily,the boss’s wife was flexible and rejected to close the restaurant.All the staff responded energetically and worked harder.Finally,this restaurant became the most energetic and popular one in the city.

二、巧用教材故事，提升续写能力

近年来浙江省的读后续写（见下表）都是要求考生读完一个300 多词的故事，根据要求续写故事。新人教版教材必修三Unit 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES 中的Reading for Writing 的阅读THE STONE IN THE ROAD 是一篇共有392 词的记叙文，它讲述了一个国王拿一块石头考验他的臣民，被绊倒的路人只会埋怨石头而未把它搬走，只有心中为他人着想的小女孩搬走了石头，获得了石头下面的金子的故事。

这个故事完全符合续写的要求，内容迂回曲折，充满了正能量。根据这个故事，学生可以根据下面第一段和第二段的开头语续写故事：

The girl went home with the gold.___________________

The gold was missing._____________________________

（一）分析故事情节

对于故事类的文章，学生要善于发现故事的六大基本要素，即5W1H（what,when,who,where,why,how）。学生根据这六大基本要素，能快速了解故事情节，为续写做好准备。下表是THE STONE IN THE ROAD 的六大基本要素：

（二）分析续写动态

为了明朗故事的发展过程，学生要学会运用思维导图猜测故事的发展动态，从而快速且优质地完成续写任务，如下的2 个思维导图是第一段和第二段续写故事的大致走向。

第一段续写的思维导图：

根据上面的思维导图，学生能写出不同版本的内容精彩、充满正能量的故事。

（三）活用教材，书写美句

不少学生花了大量的时间去记忆所谓“高大上”的词块、句型，却无法运用到自己的写作中。其实学生无须舍近求远，可以就地取材，妙用阅读中美妙的表达和精彩的句型。这样不仅能跟故事原文保持语言风格的一致，更能节约时间，快速而有效地完成故事续写。THE STONE IN THE ROAD 中含有不少精彩的表达，如非谓语动词作状语、独立主格结构、定语从句、副词和短语的运用：

（1）非谓语动词作状语：He crashed into the stone,spilling the milk everywhere.

（2）独立主格结构：After a while,a group of women came along,each balancing a pot of water on her head.

（3）定语从句：①Is there no one in this village who feels any responsibility to keep their neighbours from harm?

②...you are the only person who has learnt the lesson I wanted to teach my people.

（4）副词的运用：He picked himself up and angrily went away.

（5）名词短语的运用：①She picked herself up and limped away in tears.

②The king was in despair.

学生灵活运用上面的精彩表达，可以写出出彩的句子，例如下面的练习：

（1）欣赏了一会儿金子后，他们问女孩为什么她会有金子。

（2）他们的眼睛闪烁着激动；他们的脸上洋溢着快乐。

（3）一到家，女孩就把金子交给了她穿着朴素的父母。

（4）她跟她的父母讨论能否把这些金子送给那些生活艰难的人们。

（5）他们高兴地点点头，想着他们的女儿已经长大了。

（6）女孩没找到金子，眼含泪水，特别的绝望。

答案：（1）Appreciating the gold for a while,they asked the girl why she had the gold.

（2）Their eyes were shining with excitement,pleasure filling up their faces.

（3）Upon arriving home,she presented the gold to her parents who wore plainly.

（4）She discussed with her parents whether the gold could be used to help people who lived a tough life.

（5）They nodded merrily,thinking their daughter had grown up.

（6）Without finding the gold,the girl was in despair with eyes in tears.

（四）利用教材，书写美文

根据上面的思维导图和翻译练习，学生能书写一篇优美的读后续写文章，见下文：

The girl went home with the gold.Upon arriving home,she presented the gold to her parents who wore plainly.Their eyes were shining with excitement,pleasure filling up their faces.Appreciating the gold for a while,they asked the girl why she had the gold.The little girl explained the story carefully to them.With pride in their mind,they insisted that the girl should return the gold though they were not rich.The girl promised she would return it the next day.

The gold was missing.She soon searched the whole house for it.But it was totally out of sight.Without finding the gold,the girl was in despair with eyes in tears.At that time her parents told her the gold was kept by them in case it was missing.In relief,she discussed with her parents whether the gold could be used to help people who lived a tough life.In her opinion,it was another brilliant way to return the gold.They nodded merrily,thinking their daughter had grown up.

点评：此篇续写文章大胆使用了原文中的优美句型，如非谓语动词作状语、独立主格结构、定语从句等，合理运用副词和名词短语，如carefully,merrily 和in tears,in despair 等丰富了人物情绪和细节的表达。学生巧妙借鉴阅读原文中的优美词块和句型，从合理地模仿到创造性地使用，在读后续写中开创出自己的一片天地，写出一个立体而饱满的故事。

总之，读后续写对学生而言是一个全新的题型，教师妙用新版教材提升学生的读后续写能力是一个上乘之举。学生通过续写句子学会了灵活运用教材中的词汇，增强了自身句子之间的衔接能力、想象能力，最终通过续写教材中的美妙故事提升了读后续写能力。