妊娠期糖尿病孕妇剖宫产围手术期护理措施探讨

马玉梅

[摘要] 目的 探讨妊娠期糖尿病孕妇剖宫产围手术期护理措施。方法 抽取2018年6月—2019年6月在该院接受治疗的妊娠期糖尿病患者46例为研究对象，根据患者住院先后顺序将其编号，以等差数列首项为1，公差为2的方式将46例患者平均分为两组，即对照组与观察组，每组患者均为23例。对照组行常规护理，观察组在常规护理的基础上行综合性护理干预。结果 对照组23例患者中2例有分娩风险，产妇死亡例数为1例，新生儿死亡例数为1例，不良事件发生率为17.39%，观察组例患者有分娩风险为1例，产妇与新生儿病死率均为0例，不良事件发生率为4.34%（χ2=4.344，P<0.05）。观察组患者满意度（95.65%）高于对照组（78.26%）（χ2=4.709，P<0.05）。观察组血糖调节情况也较对照组好（t=0.987、3.854、0.357、3.745，干预前P>0.05，干预后P<0.05）。结论 针对妊娠期的糖尿病患者，护理人员要加强围手术期护理强度，创新护理方法，在常规护理基础上实施综合性护理干预，能够显著降低患者的分娩风险，保证母婴安全。

[关键词] 妊娠期糖尿病;围手术期;护理措施

[中图分类号] R47          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1672-4062（2020）07（b）-0080-03

[Abstract] Objective To explore the perioperative nursing measures for pregnant women with diabetes during cesarean section. Methods Forty-six patients with gestational diabetes who were treated in the hospital from June 2018 to June 2019 were selected as the research object， and they were numbered from according to the order of hospitalization， and the first item in the equivalence series was 1， tolerance was 2， 46 patients were divided into two groups on average， namely the control group and the observation group， with 23 patients in each group. The control group received routine nursing， and the observation group received comprehensive nursing intervention on the basis of routine nursing. Results Two of the 23 patients in the control group were at risk of childbirth. The number of maternal deaths was 1， and the number of neonatal deaths was 1. The incidence of adverse events was 17.39%. The observation group had 1 child at risk of delivery and maternal death and the mortality rate of neonates was 0， the incidence of adverse events was 4.34%（χ2= 4.344， P<0.05）. The satisfaction of the observation group （95.65%） was higher than that of the control group （78.26%）（χ2= 4.709， P<0.05）. The blood glucose regulation of the observation group was also better than that of the control group（t=0.987， 3.854， 0.357， 3.745，before intervention， P>0.05 after interventionP<0.05）. Conclusion For diabetic patients during pregnancy， nursing staff should strengthen the intensity of perioperative care， innovate nursing methods， and implement comprehensive nursing intervention based on routine nursing， which can significantly reduce the risk of childbirth and ensure the safety of mothers and infants.

[Key words] Gestational diabetes， Perioperative period， Nursing measures

近年來，随着人们生活水平的提高，饮食种类也越来越丰富，这就导致糖尿病患者增多。调查数据显示，每年患糖尿病的人数比同年增长1.09个百分点，成为临床最为常见的病症之一，引起社会的广泛关注[1]。对于妊娠期的糖尿病患者，不仅要关注患者的生命健康，而且还要关注新生儿的生命健康[2]。处于妊娠期孕妇受激素变化以及不良生活习惯的影响，患糖尿病的向率也比较大，而且对新生儿生命健康也有影响，严重情况下导致新生儿死亡[3]。研究发现在围手术期加强对妊娠期糖尿病孕妇的护理能够降低孕妇的分娩风险，保证母婴安全。该次调查抽取2018年6月—2019年6月在该院接受治疗的妊娠期糖尿病患者46例为研究对象，探讨妊娠期糖尿病孕妇剖宫产围手术期护理措施，报道如下。