早期康复护理对老年糖尿病合并心肌梗死患者的效果研究

王洪香 史秀花

[摘要] 目的 探究早期康复护理对老年糖尿病合并心肌梗死患者的临床效果。方法 将2017年7月—2019年4月期间在该院接受住院治疗的老年糖尿病合并心肌梗死患者作为研究对象，共计90例。将患者按照随机数字表分组法，随机分为对照组和实验组，每组45例，对照组患者采用常规护理，实验组患者则在常规护理上实施早期康复护理。对比两组患者干预前后血糖值指标以及生活质量评分。结果 两组患者护理前空腹血糖值、餐后2 h血糖值以及糖化血红蛋白指标差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;护理后，实验组患者空腹血糖值、餐后2 h血糖值以及糖化血红蛋白指标，均明显低于对照组（P<0.05）;实验组患者生活质量评分明显高于对照组，组间差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 早期康复护理可改善老年糖尿病合并心肌梗死患者生活质量，护理效果显著。

[关键词] 早期康复护理;糖尿病;老年;心肌梗死;临床效果

[中图分类号] R47          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1672-4062（2020）08（a）-0081-03

[Abstract] Objective To explore the clinical effect of early rehabilitation nursing on elderly patients with diabetes mellitus complicated with myocardial infarction. Methods A total of 90 patients with senile diabetes mellitus complicated with myocardial infarction who were hospitalized in the hospital from July 2017 to April 2019 were enrolled. The patients were randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group according to the random number table method. The control group received routine care， and the experimental group performed early rehabilitation care on routine care. Blood glucose values  and quality of life scores were compared between the two groups before and after intervention. Results Before nursing there were no statistically significant differences in fasting blood glucose， postprandial blood glucose， and glycosylated hemoglobin between the two groups（P>0.05）. After nursing， the fasting blood glucose， postprandial blood glucose， and glycosylated hemoglobin in the experimental group were significantly lower than the control group（P<0.05）; the quality of life scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than that in the control group， and the difference between the groups was statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion Early rehabilitation nursing can improve the quality of life of elderly patients with diabetes mellitus complicated with myocardial infarction， and the nursing effect is significant.

[Key words] Early rehabilitation nursing; Diabetes; Old age; Myocardial infarction; Clinical effect

糖尿病是一組以高血压为特征的代谢性疾病[1]，而高血糖则是由于生物作用受损或胰岛素分泌缺陷引起，还有可能两者兼有[2]。糖尿病的主要临床症状表现为疲乏无力、肥胖、多饮、多食、多尿以及消瘦[3]。由于糖尿病为慢性代谢性疾病，因此，早期多无明显症状，而长期的存在高血糖，则极易导致各种组织发生功能障碍，如肾、眼、血管以及心脏等功能受损，因此，极易合并冠心病[4]，使冠状动脉发生损伤，导致冠状动脉狭窄，甚至发生动脉闭塞，且心肌梗死已成为糖尿病患者的主要合并症之一。目前，临床对糖尿病合并心肌梗死患者的治疗方案尚已完善，但因治疗后患者血糖容易反复，且术后患者恢复周期较长，致使患者生活质量受到严重影响[5]，因此，在对糖尿病合并心肌梗死患者实施治疗时，还应积极配合有效的护理干预，以促进患者康复。早期康复护理是康复医学和护理学相结合的专业技术，其护理目的主要为通过对患者实施有效的护理干预，达到快速促进患者康复的目的，该次研究选取2017年7月—2019年4月期间在该院接受住院治疗的老年糖尿病合并心肌梗死90例患者作为研究对象，探究早期康复护理对糖尿病合并心肌梗死患者血糖指标及生活质量的影响，现报道如下。