沃尔什海湾改造，悉尼，澳大利亚

建筑设计：HPA建筑事务所与PTW建筑事务所合作

Architects: HPA Architects in association with PTW Architects

沃尔什码头地处悉尼港沃尔什湾，1820年建成后对外开放，很快成为了当地繁华的商业港，对悉尼航运事业做出巨大贡献。然而，随着港口现代化及大型现代集装箱船的出现，码头的使用频率逐渐减少，同时也因其木质结构年久失修遭受忽视和白蚁困扰而接近荒废，改造转型的需求日益剧增。

PTW建筑事务所坚持对历史结构的维护，综合滨水开发与市政规划部门一起同步维护城市肌理，重组功能，为沃尔什地区注入活力。改造后的滨水码头由住宅区、商业区及零售区域组成。

第6/7号码头是沃尔什湾第一阶段改造的项目，选择环保材料，采用现代和传统结合的路线，配合生态可持续发展的开发技术手段，使其在规模、形式、肌理上自然融入海岸结构。码头提供140套单层和复式公寓，包含配套的公共设施，如健身房、船舶或车辆停靠位置等。部分项目公寓和公共海滨广场衔接形成新城区。

沃尔什海湾波茨格街有一处仓库区，17座大型豪华住宅就安置在钢架混凝土结构的仓库之上，与Lower Fort街遥相呼应。此外，为了保证采光的充足，每一处宅邸都包含一个私人庭院。

拥有857座的罗斯林剧院位于沃尔什湾中心地带，是该地区的重要文化单位，剧院利用最新技术为观众提供优质的观影条件。礼堂外墙覆盖的彩色图案木板是原建筑拆除的遗留物，由建筑团队从工地废旧物品中打捞并逐件组装而成。剧院目前常驻的艺术机构有悉尼剧院公司、悉尼舞蹈团和悉尼作家节。□

项目信息/Credits and Data

客户/Client: Walsh Bay Partnership (a Mirvac/Transfield joint venture)

设计/竣工时间/Design/Completion: 1998/2004

摄影/Photos: Rowan Turner (fig. 7-10), Patrick Bingham-Hall ( fig. 4)

1 港口鸟瞰/Aerial view (Image courtesy of HPA Mirvac)

2 海岸线历史演化示意图/The history of shoreline

3 港口历史航拍图/Walsh Bay c.1937 (Image courtesy of Royal Australian Historical Society)

In the 1820s, the first wharves were built at Walsh Bay to accommodate ships carrying trade to and from Sydney Harbour and Walsh Bay soon became a bustling commercial port. With the advent of passenger jet travel and large modern container ships these wharves became obsolete.

The water and land-based buildings and vacant sites at Walsh Bay offer residential apartments, cafes, restaurants, retail, cultural and commercial buildings and an 850-seat drama theatre as well as commercial and retail space. The redevelopment of the Walsh Bay precinct combines restoration and adaptive re-use of historic structures and new buildings which when combined, helped to reinvigorate this important but disused waterfront area.

Pier 6/7 was an integral part of the first stage of the Walsh Bay Redevelopment, one of Australia's major urban renewal undertakings. The construction utilised principles of ecologically sustainable development (ESD) and robust maritime materials, such as timber and stainless steel, appropriate to the location. The pier provides 140 apartments in single and double storey configurations, residents' common areas, a gym and health club, boat moorings and car parkings.

Pier 6/7 was an important piece of infill architecture on Sydney Harbour's foreshore. It needed to relate in scale, form and grain to the magnificent timber wharf and shore structures nearby.

Combined with the Shore 8-9 apartments (containing another 99 apartments) and the public waterfront concourse, this project created an important new precinct for the people of Sydney.

Seventeen grand terrace homes were designed for a vacant site, overhead a 1920s reinforced concrete bond store structure, in Pottinger Street, Walsh Bay. The luxury homes were designed to reflect the context of the nearby terrace houses along Lower Fort Street, yet maintain a contemporary expression.

Each terrace addresses the street and contains a garden and a rear private courtyard. As the site was steeply stepped to the south from Pottinger Street, a central atrium was provided for light and solar access.

The Roslyn Packer Theatre is a first class 857-seat drama theatre located in the heart of the Walsh Bay heritage precinct. The venue utilises the latest in theatre and design technology to ensure optimal audience conditions with excellent sight lines and acoustic environment. The auditorium, foyers and fly tower occupy the space created by the demolition of a warehouse built in the 1950s. Back of house and support facilities are located within adjacent heritage buildings.

Since opening, the theatre has achieved the highest performance standards for both the actors and the audience. The external wall of the auditorium is clad in coloured and patterned timber battens salvaged from the site and composed piece by piece by the architectural team.

The theatre currently houses several major arts institutions, most notably: The Sydney Theatre Company, Sydney Dance Company and Sydney Writers' Festival.□

4 外景/Exterior view

5 平面/Plan

6 剖面/Section

7.8 木结构/Timber structure

9 海景住宅/The sea view from the residence

评论

何可人：这是一个难得的城市更新项目，在已经开始败落的港口区开发住宅来增强整个区域的活力，建筑和公共空间的肌理保持原有的风貌，利用道路和连接桥避免与城市另一侧割裂开。文字中没有详细介绍的是这个港口区域有着得天独厚的条件，具有一个多世纪的历史和人文，中间历经不同时期的发展，特别是最后由于演艺文化创意产业的兴起促进了整个地区的发展。建筑改造得也恰如其分，保持了原有的格局，利用新的材料和技术。其他城市总是将一些港口空间改造成开放的市民设施，而这里建筑密度很大，虽然有一些吸引游客的行走项目，但是最新的开发没有形成理想的开放公共空间，算是一种遗憾吧。鲍勃·卡尔：悉尼的城市面貌在新的时代背景下得到了很多优秀建筑师的参与。如今，我们要在这一系列名单中，自豪地添加上沃尔什湾开发项目，这个全新的城市建筑组群重新丰富了悉尼优美的滨水岸线。不同国籍的居民聚集在此工作和生活，证明了这个改造设计对增添滨水空间魅力的贡献。沃尔什湾项目带动了当地民众对城市更新的热情，并验证了现代和传统之间平衡可以通过适宜的保护设计来呈现。它和一些优秀的改造案例，如音乐学院、奥罗拉广场、歌剧院码头、天使广场等共同构成了澳大利亚步入21世纪的重要文化标识。

10 外景/Exterior view

Comments

HE Keren: This is a big urban regeneration project that intended to boost the underdeveloped harbor area by building housing and other infrastructure. The architects and engineers keep the original pattern for architecture and public spaces, adding the buildings along roads and build connecting bridges to the harbor to avoid separation. What the project texts do not mention in detail is that this harbor is an unique, historically rich area that has experienced various changes and development over a century, especially the initiation of the theatrical culture that started to bring up the development of the entire area. The architectural renovation is also quite appropriate by maintaining the original layout and utilising the new materials and technologies. Such harbor redevelopment in other big cities always tends to create a large public space for tourists and local residents. Although there are a few walking tours developed here in this project, the density of the project didn't allow for larger public spaces.

Bob Carr: This era of Sydney's evolving modern face has been blessed with really good advice and great collaborating designers. To this large list we proudly add the Walsh Bay development, another landmark by which a great waterfront will be redefined. Without this eager gathering of talent, this shrewd and intricate local enthusiasm, this hard-nosed and hard-fought love of this city, then our much acknowledged latter-day triumphs - the Conservatorium, Aurora Place, Opera Quays, Angel Place and the many other quiet miracles that powered the city at the turn of the millennium - would not have achieved for Sydney the unfeigned esteem it now enjoys and richly merits worldwide.