剧院建筑
2018-11-10编译
编译：周 羽
Theatre Buildings: A Design Guide
）一书，是其继承者。这本书使读者了解了剧院的规划和设计的全过程。它在建筑物的每一个区域都有详细的注解，包括房子前面、礼堂、后台和行政办公区域。它聚焦于一些具体的指导，比如音响、舞台工程、灯光、声音和视频，礼堂和舞台的尺寸等等。餐饮、会议和教育使用等方面也包括在内。书中涵盖了28座剧院的案例，《歌剧》杂志将编译其中精彩的个案，与业界共同分享。
剧院建筑设计指南之洛瑞艺术中心
The Lowry from
萨尔福德码头，大曼彻斯特地区，英国
Salford Quays, Greater Manchester, UK
洛瑞艺术中心给视觉艺术和表演艺术提供了一个平台，包括一个大型的抒情剧场，一个小的、适应性更强更灵活的表演空间，一个工作室剧场，英国第一个为儿童提供手工体验的工作坊，以及一个展示350多幅萨尔福德本土艺术家劳伦斯·斯蒂文·洛瑞作品的画廊。洛瑞艺术中心是迈克尔·威尔福德（Michael Wilford）和詹姆斯·斯特林爵士（Sir James Stirling）建筑合作关系中的收官之作（1992年斯特林爵士去世后完工）。
The Lowry provides a platform for both the visual and the performing arts; including a large lyric theatre;a smaller, more adaptable, flexible performance space;a studio theatre; the UK’s first ‘hands-on’ gallery for
概 要
剧院类型和运营形式
三个演绎空间承载着不同艺术和娱乐类型的项目。
地址及网站资源参考
萨尔福德码头，英国大曼彻斯特地区。
www.thelowry.com
建造年代
总体规划师任命于1991年，规划于1996年审批通过。1997年开工，2000年4月开业。
观众席
主剧场：抒情风格的带幕布舞台及飞控塔，容纳1730个座位。
灵活的庭院剧场可容纳466个座位，可调节的工作室剧场可容纳218个座位。
舞台
主剧场：29米宽，17.5米深，高度23米。庭院剧场：20米宽，10.2米深，高度9米。工作室剧场：10米宽，11米深。
建筑师
迈克尔·威尔福德与其合伙人（与詹姆斯·斯特林爵士一起设计了平面初稿）。
剧院（设计和技术）咨询
剧院规划咨询，英国伦敦。
音效咨询
桑迪·布朗联合公司，英国伦敦。
造价
1.06 亿英镑（2000年）。children; and a gallery displaying over 350 paintings by the Salford artist L S Lowry. It is the final project by the architectural partnership of Michael Wilford and Sir James Stirling (completed after Stirling’s death in 1992).
Theatre type and operational format
Three performance spaces house a mixed programme of arts and entertainment.
Location and web reference
Salford Quays, Greater Manchester, UK.
www.thelowry.com
Building dates
Master planners appointed 1991. Planning approval 1996. Start on site 1997. Opened in April 2000.
Auditorium
Main theatre: Lyric style with proscenium and flytower, seating 1,730. Flexible courtyard theatre seats up to 466. Flexible studio theatre seats up to 218.
Stages
Lyric: 29m wide X 17.5m deep. Height to grid 23m.
Courtyard: 20m wide X 10.2m deep. Height to grid 9m.
Studio: 10m wide X 11m deep.
Summary
Architect
Michael Wilford and Partners. (Original master plan developed with Sir James Stirling.)
Theatre (design and technical) consultants
Theatre Projects Consultants, London, UK.
Acoustic consultants
Sandy Brown Associates, London, UK.
Building cost
£106 million in 2000.
洛瑞艺术中心是由英国国家彩票计划资助的、为千禧年而新建的12个主要城市项目之一。这是艺术被用作经济和物质再生焦点的典型案例，旨在将更多的商业投资和游客引入到这个繁荣一时而后衰败的曼彻斯特运河上的萨尔福德码头来。
The Lowry is one of 12 major urban projects which were funded by the UK’s National Lottery programme to mark the new millennium. It is an example of the arts being used as the focus for economic and physical regeneration,in this case aimed at bringing more businesses and tourism to the once thriving but subsequently derelict Salford docks on the Manchester Ship Canal.
艺术中心为产生影响力而设计。它在形式、用材和区位上都引人注目。这个综合体由一系列几何形状组成——六边形、圆形、三角形和矩形——形成一个单一的个体，使人联想到停泊在码头终点的船只。用于覆盖建筑结构的玻璃和不锈钢有助于增强这种形象，既能映射天空，又能倒映水。
The building is designed to make an impact. It is striking in its form, use of materials and location. The complex is made up of a sequence of geometric shapes– hexagon, circle, triangle and rectangle – forming a single unit which evokes the image of a ship moored at the end point of the quay. The glass and stainless steel used to clad the structure serve to enhance this image,reflecting both the sky and the water.
上：洛瑞艺术中心工作室剧场
下：沿洛瑞艺术中心的河畔阶梯和悬空步行桥，可以通往特拉福德码头及皇家战争博物馆北方馆
建筑的结构旨在吸引人们的注意力，并鼓励人们探索它的各种服务功能。大楼周围遍布着一条长廊，方便客人前往不同的空间——大型开放式门厅区以及剧院和画廊。餐厅、咖啡厅和酒吧沿着建筑物的南侧排列，并通向河畔的台阶。
The form of the Lowry aims to draw people in and encourage them to explore what is on offer. A promenade runs all around the building providing easy access to the different spaces – the large open foyer areas as well as the theatres and galleries. A restaurant,cafés and bars are sited along the south side of the building and open onto waterside terraces.
明亮的橙色、紫色和蓝色，贯穿整个建筑的室内空间。
Bright colours, orange and purple and blue, are used throughout the interior spaces.
两个主要剧场的氛围、色彩和制作理念形成鲜明对比，它们为各种各样的演出活动和剧目生产提供场所（戏剧、歌剧、芭蕾、舞蹈、音乐剧、儿童剧、流行音乐、爵士、民族舞和喜剧）。主剧场是19世纪晚期20世纪早期抒情剧院的成功代表作，设计成三个层次，使整个观众席尽可能接近舞台。码头剧院是一个具有400个座位的灵活的马蹄形礼堂，主要源于18世纪末和20世纪末的庭院剧院风格，具有相当的机械化以促进舞台布局的变化。
The two main theatres are contrasting in their ambience, colour and production values. They provide facilities for a wide range of events and productions(drama, opera, ballet, dance, musicals, children’s show,popular music, jazz, folk and comedy). The main theatre is a successful modern interpretation of the late nineteenthand early twentieth-century lyric theatre, designed on three levels to bring the whole audience as close to the stage as possible. The Quays theatre is a flexible 400-seat horseshoe auditorium owing much to both the late eighteenth and late twentieth-century courtyard theatres, with considerable mechanization to facilitate changes of layout.
