高考英语全国卷中倡议书写作导练

2017-07-31周辉

广东教育·高中 2017年5期

周辉

一、文体概述

倡议书写作总体属于说明文和议论文相结合的写作范畴。一般包括倡议主题的背景、倡议主题的重要性和发出号召等三部分内容。写作时，要做到倡议主题突出，倡议内容清楚。同时，注意倡议书的语言特征，可以用些鼓动性的词语，但要实事求是。文字要力求简洁明了。

二、必备短语

1. environmentally friendly/ environment-friendly 环境友好的

2. contribute to/ lead to/ result in/ give rise to 导致

3. have a positive/ negative effect on 对……有积极/消极的影响

4. make all efforts to do sth./ spare no efforts to do sth. 全力以赴做某事

5. adopt/ take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事

6. enhance the awareness of 提高……的意识

7. appeal to sb to do sth 呼吁某人做某事

8. be responsible for对……负责；是……的原因

9. protect ... from ... 保护……免受伤害

10. do harm to 对……有害

三、套用句式

1. It is well known that ... is getting worse and worse. 众所周知，……正在变得越来越糟糕。

2. If everyone makes some contributions to ...，... will become ... 如果每一个人都可以为……做一些贡献，……将会变得……

3. Faced with ...， we should ... 面对……我们应该……

4. In a word， if everyone pays more attention to ... there will be less/ fewer and ... will be better.总之，如果每个人都多关注一点……，……将会更少，而……将会更多。

5. Its high time we did / should do …是我们做……的时候。

6. Only in this way can we … 唯有用这种方式，我们才可以……

四、习作修改下列习作中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

In recently years， the hazy weather occurs from time to time， on account of it great harm has been done to our everyday life.

Face the great harm coming from the haze， what measures should we adopt to cope with the problem. On one hand， it is recommended that people went to work or school taking the public transport vehicles such as the bus and the subway. On the other hand， its the time that more trees were planted in all possible place. Only by this way can fresh air and a blue sky return us in the near future.

Actions speak loud than words. Your actions do count！

五、课堂练习

假如你叫李华，是某一中学的学生，请你根据以下内容写一封英文倡议书，谈谈作为中学生用实际行动保护环境。要点如下：

1. 现在環境情况不令人满意

2. 倡议：出行时多步行或骑自行车，不乱扔垃圾等

注意：

1. 字数100词左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

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六、课外作业

为了学校有一个美好校园，你代表校学生会向全体学生拟一份倡议书。要点如下：

1. 简要描述不文明现象（乱扔垃圾）；

2. 提出倡议（不乱扔垃圾，在不课室吃、喝东西）

注意：1. 字数100词左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

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参考答案与解析

习作修改

1. 第1句的recently改为recent。因years为名词，修饰名词要用形容词。

2. 第1句的it改为which。根据两句之间的逻辑关系，这里应用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。

3. 第2句中的Face改为Facing。因Face和主句主语之间为主谓关系，且和主句谓语动词的动作同时发生，所以用现在分词的一般式作状语。

4. 第3句中的went改为go。因在It is recommended that ...句型中，从句谓语动词应用动词原形或“should+动词原形”。

5. 第3句中the subway前的and改为or。根据语境，这里表示选择关系，不表示并列。

6. 第4句中的定冠词the删除。Its time that ...（是做……事情的时候了）为固定句型，time前面不用冠词。

7. 第4句中的place改为places。因place前面有all 修饰，所以要用复数形式。

8. 第5句中的by改为in。因in this way（用这种方法）为固定搭配，且符合文意。

9. 第5句中的return后面加to。因return to（回归……）为固定搭配，且和文意相符。

10. 第6句中的loud改為louder。根据句中的than可知要用比较级。

课堂练习

Dear Friends，

Do you want to live in an enjoyable world？Of course， youd rather you did！ However， do you love your present living environment？Maybe most of your answer is not！If so， keeping the following in mind can help you achieve your aim！

For one thing， we might as well go to work or school on foot or by bike every day， building up our body. For another， never throwing rubbish around does play an important role in protecting our environment， helping us own a more pleasant living environment. Only in this way can we make our city more attractive and harmonious.

Please dont hesitate to join us and protect our environment now. It is our small action that counts！Thank you！

Sincerely yours，

Li hua

课外作业

Dear teachers and fellow students，

Do you want to study in an enjoyable campus？ Of course， youd rather you did！However， do you love our present campus？Maybe most of your answer is not！As some of you may know， over the past years， plastic bags， cans and other rubbish can be seen in our school. So it is high time that we joined efforts to prevent these uncivilized phenomena happening again.

For one thing， never litter about in our campus， which plays an important role in keeping our school clean. For another， please keep our classroom clean and remember there is no eating and drinking in our classroom.

Take action now！Make our campus more in order！

The studentsUnion

责任编辑蒋小青