婴幼儿巨细胞病毒感染的临床特点及其影响分析

张晓　李伟　屠荣良　韩晓

[摘要] 目的 分析嬰幼儿巨细胞病毒（CMV）的临床特点及对婴幼儿健康的影响。 方法 选取合并巨细胞病毒感染的婴幼儿93例，回顾性分析患者的临床资料，总结临床特点。 结果 男性感染者59.14%，女性感染者40.86%。先天性感染26例，占27.96%；围生期感染56例，占60.21%；出生后感染11例，占11.83%。先天性感染组合并肝炎发生率为3.85%，合并肺炎发生率为15.38%，合并全身感染发生率为19.23%，合并颅内出血发生率为11.54%。围生期感染组合并肝炎发生率为57.14%，合并肺炎发生率为10.71%，合并全身感染发生率为1.79%，合并颅内出血发生率为7.14%。出生后感染组合并肝炎发生率为45.45%，合并肺炎发生率为18.18%，合并全身感染发生率为0.00%，合并颅内出血发生率为0.00%。93例患儿中，2例先天性感染患儿死亡。随访患儿31例，年龄3个月～5岁，2例患儿Gesell智测略低，均为先天性感染。 结论 婴幼儿巨细胞病毒感染多发生在围生期，容易合并其他各种感染，先天性巨细胞病毒感染预后相对较差，临床上应早期防治。

[关键词] 婴幼儿；巨细胞病毒；感染；临床特点

[中图分类号] R725.1 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701（2017）14-0053-04

[Abstract] Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of infantile cytomegalovirus（CMV） and its effect on infantile health. Methods 93 cases of infants with cytomegalovirus infection were selected. The patients' clinical data were retrospectively analyzed， and the clinical characteristics were summarized. Results Infected male infants accounted for 59.14%； infected female infants accounted for 40.86%. Congenital infection was in 26 cases， accounting for 27.96%； perinatal infection was in 56 cases， accounting for 60.21%； infection after birth was in 11 cases， accounting for 11.83%. In the congenital infection group， the incidence rate of complicated hepatitis was 3.85%， and the incidence rate of complicated pneumonia was 15.38%. The incidence rate of complicated systemic infection was 19.23%， and the incidence rate of complicated intracranial hemorrhage was 11.54%. In the perinatal infection group， the incidence rate of complicated hepatitis was 57.14%， and the incidence rate of complicated pneumonia was 10.71%. The incidence rate of complicated systemic infection was 1.79%， and the incidence rate of complicated intracranial hemorrhage was 7.14%. In the group of infection after birth， the incidence rate of complicated hepatitis was 45.45%， and the incidence rate of complicated pneumonia was 18.18%. The incidence rate of complicated systemic infection was 0.00%， and the incidence rate of complicated intracranial hemorrhage was 0.00%. Of the 93 patients， 2 cases died of congenital infection. 31 infants were followed-up， aged 3 months to 5 years old. 2 infants were with low intelligence based on the Gesell intelligence test， who were both with congenital infection. Conclusion Infantile cytomegalovirus infection mostly occurs in the perinatal period， which is prone to be complicated with other types of infections. Congenital cytomegalovirus infection has a relatively poor prognosis， which should be given early prevention and treatment clinically.