完形填空专项训练

陈洁莹+彭雪秋+彭仕华

閱读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

（一）

Mildred Webinga Freeman was an English teacher at the new middle school I attended in the ninth grade. I loved being around her and enjoyed her sense of 1 and kind personality. She was also a good 2 .

At the end of the year， she 3 that she was moving to Florida， and I was shocked. We 4 addresses and became pen pals. I could tell her 5 ， and she treated me with respect 6 I was a teenager.

In Florida， Mrs. Freeman 7 to find time to write letters. She wrote 8 stories and always took my 9 seriously.

She had given me an open 10 to visit， and I missed her so much. When I wrote to her， she answered， “Get your shoes on and your bags 11 ！ You are welcome anytime！”

Two years later she surprised me by attending my high school 12 . Later that year， my family decided to spend Christmas in Florida and I couldnt wait to 13 my friend again. When I arrived at her house I had hoped to talk to her about school， but 14 she was in a hospital bed in the guest room. She had cancer of the liver（肝）， and her family members were 15 her. I was in 16 .

A month after we got back home， we 17 a call that Mrs. Freeman had died.

To this day， more than 50 years 18 ， I still see her smile and 19 the advice she gave me. Now and then I reread her letters， and I remember the importance of her 20 and her friendship.

（广东省清远市第三中学 陈洁莹）

（二）

Every Sunday morning I take a jog around a park. Each time I jog by this lake， I see the same elderly woman sitting at the waters 1 with a small metal cage sitting beside her.

This time my 2 got the best of me， so I 3 jogging and walked over to her. As I got 4 ， I realized that the metal cage was a small trap. There were three turtles（海龟）， slowly walking around the 5 of the trap. And she was carefully 6 the fourth one.

“Hello，” I said. “If you dont 7 my nosiness（爱管闲事）， Id love to know what youre doing with these turtles.” She smiled， “Im 8 their shells（壳）. Anything on a turtles 9 ， like algae （水藻） or scum （浮渣）， reduces the turtles ability to 10 heat and 11 its ability from swimming.” She went on， “I spend a couple of hours each Sunday morning 12 these little guys out. Its my own way of making a difference.”

“ 13 dont most freshwater turtles live their whole lives with algae and scum 14 from their shells？” I asked.

“Yes， 15 ， they do，” she replied.

“Well， dont you think your time could be 16 spent？ And 99% of these turtles dont have 17 people like you to help them clean off their shells. So， no offense（冒犯）... but how do you know that you are 18 making a difference？”

She then 19 at the turtle in her lap（膝部）， cleaned off the last piece of algae from its shell， and said， “Sweetie， if this little guy could 20 ， hed tell you I just made all the difference in the world.”

（广西来宾高级中学 彭雪秋）

（三）

My dad and step-mum have been pressuring me a lot lately in regards to school. Im 14 and halfway through year 8. My grades have been gradually 1 ，though I believe I have tried my best. Last term， I 2 a report with mainly As， one or two Bs and a Cs. They were very angry because to them I had lost 3 to do any work at all. The truth is that while I try to attempt at school， Im also juggling a social and 4 life， as I play sport both in and out of school 5 . My best friend took home a similar 6 and both of her parents were happy； while mine 7 as though they had just 8 me smoking. Im 9 a lot of sleep due to the 10 they are now putting on me and always feel 11 ， sore（酸痛）or tired. I feel like I make everyone around me very unhappy 12 when I complain（抱怨） a bit. I know my parents are 13 trying to help， but I 14 have any time for a rest and find myself 15 that they would ease up（缓解）. I believe that they both think that they are helping， 16 ， they are stressing me out more than I can 17 and its making my grades drop further. I also have to choose my electives（选修课）soon and they are pushing for 18 like finance and computers. While I want to 19 cooking or sewing， which I enjoy. I dont know what to do as I dont want to 20 them but also dont want to suffer because of them.

（廣东省东莞高级中学 彭仕华）

（四）

I dont know why I came to the decision to become a loser， but I know I made the choice at a young age. Sometime in the middle of fourth grade， I stopped 1 . By the time I was in seventh grade， I was 2 ， difficult and disrespectful.

It wasnt long after I 3 out of school. Hard physical labor was the consequence for the choices I made as an 4 . At the age of twenty-one， I was hopelessly 5 ， and using drugs as a way to deal with the fact that I had no 6 .

But now I believe in do-overs， in the chance to do it all 7 . And I believe that do-overs can be made at any 8 in your life. Mine came from a surprising 9 .

It was September 21， 2002， when my son Blake was born. Its funny that after a life of avoiding 10 ， now I was in charge of something so fragile. Over the years， as I grew into the title of 11 ，I began to learn something about myself. 12 ， Blake and I were both learning to walk， talk， work， and play for the first time. I began my do-over.

It took me almost three years to learn how to 13 . I started with my sons books. Over and over， I 14 reading books to him until I remembered all the 15 in every one of them. I began to wonder if it was possible for me to go back to 16 . I knew I wanted to be a good 17 ， so after a year and a half and a lot of hard work， I 18 my GED test on my sons fourth birthday. All things considered， it was one of the best days in my life. Today， Im a full-time college student， 19 to become a sociologist.

Now I believe its a 20 anyone can make： to do it all over again.

（华南师范大学附属中学南海实验高级中学 谢期繁）

（五）

A technology company is developing a lie detector app for smartphones that could be used by parents， teachers and Internet 1 .

The app measures blood 2 in the face to 3 whether or not you are telling the truth. Its developers say that it could be 4 by daters wanting to see if somebody really is 5 in them. Parents could use it on their children to see if they are lying and teachers could 6 which of their 7 are trustful.

The app is being developed by Toronto startup NuraLogix and the 8 is called Transdermal Optical Imaging（透皮光學成像）. The idea is that different human emotions（情绪） create 9 blood flow patterns that we have no control over. These patterns change 10 we are telling the truth 11 telling a lie. Using footage（镜头） from the 12 camera， the software will see the 13 in skin colour and 14 them with standardized results.

A study from last year found that anger was 15 to more blood flow and redness while sadness was associated with

16 of both. The lie detector test will let you 17 the truth remotely and secretly， 18 the technique wont be able to achieve an extremely high accuracy level like 19

used in a court of law. Besides， it will be a few years before the app is 20 to consumers.

（广东省普宁市华美实验学校高中部 陈碎仍）

（六）

Are you a loser if you were raised in an ordinary family？ Should you feel 1 that you sleep eight hours a day because successful people sleep five？ If you 2 want to keep a stable nine-to-five job， does it mean you are not 3 ？

There is a 4 in media nowadays to encourage elitism （精英主义）. They are trying to brainwash young people into thinking that they should invest （投入） a large amount of time and 5 in bodybuilding and appearance improvement They encourage lifestyle makeovers： wine tasting classes and expensive 6 overseas. They make you believe that if you do 7 they say， you can improve the 8 of your life and join the elites. But do you really need to go to the gym five days a week 9 you are a gym maniac （狂魔）Do you need to 10 hundreds of selfies （自拍照） and Photoshop the 11 ones to post on WeChat？ Do you really need to 12 your neck and sacrifice to earn your first pot of gold only to 13 constantly about how to blend into （融入） 14 society later？

Dont let the idea of elitism 15 you. Everybody has a right to the 16 they want. Human beings should not be judged as a success or failure based on 17 they are a part of the elite or not. As long as you lead a happy and 18 life， why bother to seek 19 peoples shadows Choose your own life path and 20 it.

（广东省深圳市布吉高级中学 廖仕欢 江文锋）

（七）

A lot of you have asked what were doing about misinformation， so I wanted to give an update.

The bottom line is： we take 1 seriously. Our goal is to connect people with the stories they find most meaningful， and we know people want 2 information. Weve been working on this 3 for a long time and weve made significant progress， 4 there is more work to be done.

Historically， we have 5 community（社区） to help understand what is fake（不真实的） and what is not. Anyone on Facebook can report any link as 6 ，and we use signals from those reports to understand which stories we can confidently 7 as misinformation.

The problems here are 8 ，both technically and philosophically. We believe in giving people a 9 ， which means erring （犯错）on the side of letting people share what they want 10 possible. We need to be careful not to 11 sharing of opinions or to mistakenly restrict accurate 12 . We do not want to be arbiters（裁决者 ）of truth ourselves， but 13 rely on our community and 14 third parties.

While the 15 of misinformation is relatively small， we have much more work ahead on our roadmap. 16 we wouldnt share specifics about our work in 17 ， but given the importance of these issues and the amount of 18 in this topic， I want to outline some of the projects we already have been underway.

Some of these ideas will 19 well， and some will not. We understand how important the issue is for our community and we are 20 to getting this right.

（廣东省阳江市阳东区第一中学 张顺均）

答案与解析

（一）作者十分尊敬及喜爱他中学时期的英语老师。在该老师搬去佛罗里达州后，作者与她进行了多年的书信往来，向老师倾诉烦恼。不久后老师患肝癌去世，但作者直到今天依然怀念这段师生情谊。

1. D 从动词enjoy（享受）和下文的amusing stories可以推测出答案为“幽默感”。

2. B 从下文得知书信往来主要是作者向老师倾诉烦心事。

3. A 老师首次提出搬到佛罗里达州，所以答案为“宣布”。

4. C 交笔友需“交换”通讯地址。

5. D 由情态动词could可知作者可以向老师倾诉“任何”事情，体现出师生间无隔阂。

6. C 根据文意可知，“尽管”作者还是个中学生，老师还是很尊重他，表“尽管”使用even though。

7. B 老师有自己的事务要处理，但还是“设法”挤出时间写信，体现对作者的关心。A选项decide与前文老师出发前早已有意开始与作者做笔友的实际情况不符，不是现在才决定写信的。

8. C 老师给学生写信按常理应为积极向上的内容，主要考查考生是否理解amusing的词义。

9. B 笔友互通书信一般谈论自己关心的话题，从前文的短语treat...with respect和此处的take...seriously可知老师是认真对待作者所遇到的烦恼的。

10. C 从下句可知老师盛情“邀请”作者去她家作客。

11. A 到外地去应该是“收拾好”行囊，即把有需要的东西打包好，而不仅仅是把包塞满（filled）。

12. A 结合时间状语two years later和空格前的high school以及前文作者入学时就读九年级这些信息可知老师参加的是作者的毕业典礼。

13. B 作者利用随家人到佛罗里达州过圣诞这一契机想再次“见到”老师。文章未体现A选项这一信息；作者知道老师地址，C选项排除；作者本人已经到了当地，无需再通过写信与老师联系，D选项错误。

14. D “原本打算和老师促膝谈心，而取而代之的情况却是……”此处语义存在转折，但A选项语义与but重复，even、still不符合句意，所以选instead。

15. D 老师患病了，她的家人正在“照顾”她，只有D符合文意。

16. A 得知老师患病后理应体现出来的心情是“震惊”而不是regret（后悔），anger（恼怒），joy（开心）。

17. C 作者是回到家之后得知老师去世的消息的，属于被通知的一方，所以是“接到”电话而不是“拨出”电话。

18. B 按时间发展关系，应为50年“后”。

19. D考虑与advice的搭配，应该是“想起”，而不是dream about （梦见），hear from（收到……的信/消息），talk about（谈论），流露出作者对老师的怀念之情。

20. A 根据上文提示“..still see her smile...”可选出答案。

（二）本文讲述作者在慢跑途中看见一个老妇人给乌龟清理龟壳上水藻和浮渣，于是询问她这样做的原因。老妇人告诉他，希望通过自己细微的善举改变世界。

1. B 根据 sitting at waters可知，我看见同一个老妇人坐在湖边，edge符合语境。

2. D 根据下文“so I stopped jogging”可知，“我”停止慢跑，推断作者终于忍不住“好奇”。anxiety焦虑；disappointment失望；satisfaction满意；curiosity好奇。

3. D 由后在面的and walked over to her可知，是“停止”漫跑了。

4. C 由语境可知，当我走近（closer）的时候，我看见那个金属笼子是一个小陷阱。

5. A 作者看见了“三只乌龟慢悠悠地在陷阱里爬着”，根据句意，应该是在陷阱的“底部”（base），故选A项。

6. A 联系上下文得知，老妇人当时正在给第四只乌龟清理。wipe擦拭；weep流泪；wave挥手；whisper低声说。

7. D根据语境，作者想询问老妇人原因，故句意应为：如果你不介意我多管闲事的话。match匹配；refuse拒绝；ignore忽视；mind介意。

8. D句意：我在清洗他们的壳。take off起飞；turn out 结果是；get out 出来；clean off清理。

9. B 根据上文“their shell”可知，老妇人清理的应该是乌龟的壳（shell）。

10. A根据语境，乌龟壳上的水藻、浮渣这些东西会降低热量的吸收（absorb）。decrease减少；attract吸引；limit限制。

11. B 由“and”并列连接得知，该空应选择与“reduce”相近的词，比较benefit（有利），prevent（阻止），control（控制），permit（允许）四个单词，prevent最合适。

12. C 句意：每个星期天的早晨我都会花几个小时帮助这些小家伙摆脱困境。help out帮助；take out拿出；carry out实施；bring out取出。

13. C 根据下文，作者认为“大多数的淡水乌龟的壳上都有水藻和浮渣”，有转折之意。

14. D根据句意，水藻和浮渣挂在壳上。plant种植；throw丢；drag拖；hang悬挂。

15. A 联系上下文，老妇人对作者的提问持肯定态度（yes， they do），表达出可惜、遗憾之情。意为“遗憾的是，它们的确是这样”。

16. C 句意：难道你不认为你的时间能更好地度过吗？言下之意，作者认为老妇人在浪费时间。

17. B 句意：99%的乌龟都没有遇见像你这么好的人帮助他们清理龟壳。

18. B 句意：你如何知道你真的能做出改变呢？

19. C句意：她接着向下看看膝盖上的乌龟。 look back回顾；look out当心；look down俯视；look up向上看。

20. A根据下文“他一定会告诉你（hed tell you）”可知，如果这只小乌龟能“说话（talk）”的话。

（三）作者是一个八年级的学生，觉得父母亲给他的压力非常大，以至于内心非常苦闷。他也明白父母亲是想帮他，但是他更希望能够按照自己的意愿快乐地学习和生活。

1. A 从后文though I believe I have tried my best可以判断出作者的学习成绩应该是逐渐在lowering（退步）。

2. C 根据句意，应该是我带回（brought back）一份成績报告。

3. B 根据上下文，父母对我的学习成绩不满意，感到很愤怒，他们认为我完全失去了学习的动机（motivation）。

4. B 从后文play sport可知，作者在努力学习的同时，还爱好社交和体育运动。

5. A 从前文play sport both in and out of school可知，作者应该是经常地（regularly）在校内外运动。

6. D 句意是：我最好的朋友也带回一张和我相似的成绩报告（report）。

7. C 一份相似的成绩报告，朋友的父母亲很开心。而我的父母亲的反应（react）却是……。

8. D 句意是：而我的父母亲反应好像抓到（caught）我抽烟一样。

9. A 依据句意可知，作者睡眠不足，故选lacking（缺乏）。

10. B 依据句末的feel ... sore or tired可知句意应是：作者缺乏充足的睡眠是由于父母加在他身上的压力（pressure）。

11. C 句意应是：由于父母加在作者身上的压力，作者总是觉得身体不舒服（sick）。

12. A句意是：我感觉当（when）我有一点点抱怨时，我总是让我身边的人很不开心。

13. D 依据句意：我知道我的父母亲只是（just）想要帮我……。

14. B 结合前半句可知作者想表达的是：但是我几乎没有（rarely）休息时间……。

15. C 根据句意可知：作者一直希望（wish）父母（紧张忧虑的心态）能够得到缓解。

16. A 句意是：我相信父母都认为自己在帮助我，然而（however）他们让我感觉压力更大了。

17. D 根据前半句可知：他们让我感觉压力更大了，超出了我的承受（afford）能力。

18. B 根据前文选修课可知父母希望作者选择像finance and computers的課程（subject）。

19. D 根据上下文可知：而我想要去上（take）自己喜欢的烹饪课和缝纫课。

20. C 根据句意：我既不想让父母失望（disappoint），也不想因为他们而承受痛苦。

（四）作者因小时候厌学而辍学从而过着艰辛的生活。直到他结婚生小孩后才明白学习的重要性并且开始重新学习，最后终于成才。

1. B 根据后文，作者在七年级时就成了学困生，然后辍学。本句意为作者在四年级的时候就开始停止努力学习了。

2. A 本句中与difficult和disrespectful（无礼的）构成并列的逻辑关系只有是lazy。

3. C 因drop out of school（辍学）是固定词组。

4. A 四年级不想学，七年级辍学，作者做出这样的决定是在少年时期，故选adolescent。

5. D 因be lost意为“迷失方向”，作者年少辍学，没有文化，故迷失方向。

6. A 本句意为作者靠吃毒品来面对自己没有文化的这个事实。故选education.

7. B 根据本句中前半句的do-overs，可以推断是again。

8. C 根据后文可知道作者生小孩之后认真开始学习，所以推断应该在生命中的任何时候都可以做出重新学习的决定。point指时间点。

9. A 本句中source意为“来源”。根据下文提到的作者在做了父亲以后感觉到学习的重要性，这是重新学习的力量之源。

10. D 根据本句中was in charge of something可以推断在以前过了一段逃避责任的生活，现要负责一些琐事。

11. B 根据本段中首句提到作者生了个儿子，故这里是做了父亲。

12. A 因in a way意为“在某种程度上”，根据上文作者开始学习，因此在某种程度上，他儿子和他都是学习者。On the contrary意为“相反”；in addition意为“此外”； whats worse意为“更糟糕的是”。

13. C 根据后面一句 “我从我儿子的书开始读起” ，可以推断作者是开始读书。故选“read”。

14. A 作者一次又一次开始练习读书给他儿子听。

15. D 根据本句中的提示词book可以推断是words。

16. B 根据上文，作者没有读完小学，所以本句是指是否有可能重新回到学校，故选school。

17. C 根据本句中的后面部分作者想在儿子四岁生日通过考试，这样来给儿子树立榜样，故选example。

18. B 作者想要树立榜样，肯定是通过考试，不是参加考试。

19. A 根据本句中的前半部分，他现在成了一个全职的大学生，当然是通过学习去成为一个社会学家。

20. D 句意为“这是一个每个人都可以做出的选择：一切从头开始。”make a choice意为“做出选择”，make a difference意为“有影响”，make a speech意为“作演讲”。

（五）本文介绍了正在研制的一款能通过测血液流动来测谎的手机App。

1. A 第二段提到了三个运用这款手机app的人群，其中daters wanting to see ... 由此可知选项A正确，原词复现。

2. D 由第三段和第四段中的blood flow可知，这款手机app是通过血液流动的变化来进行测量的。

3. B 由whether or not you are telling the truth可知，这款手机app通过测量面部血流来“确定，估计（assess）”你是不是在说谎。

4. D 这款手机app被约会者“使用（used）”，下句中的Parents could use it也是明显提示。

5. C 约会者使用这款手机app，其目的就是测量对方是否真的对自己“感兴趣（interested）”。

6. B 根据前面两个句子，daters与parents用这款手机app进行测谎，这里老师也是用它来“弄明白（work out）”哪个学生可以信任。work out 弄明白；take out 拿出；let out 发出，放出；give out分发，发出。因此选B。

7. D 与teachers 对应的应该是“学生（pupils）”。

8. C 显然是指前一分句中的The app，即“这款应用软件”被叫做Transdermal Optical Imaging。

9. B 由空前的different human emotions可知答案。

10. A 假设性条件状语从句，表示“如果，每当”。句意：如果我们说真话或撒谎，血液流动模式就会变化。

11. A 表示“或者”。

12. B 根据文章第一段中的“a lie detector app for smartphones ”可知，这款app是用于手机上，所以这里是指手机摄像机的镜头。

13. A 根据上文中的“these patterns change...”可知，这款软件可以看到皮肤颜色的变化。

14. C 意思是“将测量到的肤色变化与标准化结果进行比较”，从而判断其有没有撒谎。

15. B 与下文的 ... was associated with...对应，表示“与……有关的”，应为be relevant to，故选B。

16. A 根据表示对比关系的while可知，应选与more相对的less。

17. D 表示这款测谎软件可以让你远程而又秘密地“查明，弄清”真相。

18. C 因“精确度不高”与“让你弄清真相”是转折关系，选but。

19. D 指示代词，指代前面的名词The lie detector test或the technique，即没有法院使用的测谎仪精确度高，用that。

20. C 要几年后消费者才能买到这款软件。在这里be available to 表示“可买到的，可得到的”。

（六）我就是我，每个人都有自己的生活。所以即使我们平凡而普通的，只要我们过着幸福和舒服的生活，我们就没有必要去模仿和追寻成功者！

1. C 根据后面成功人士只睡5个小时，而我们睡了8个小时， 难道我们就要感到内疚吗？ 故选guilty。

2. A 意思是“如果你只（just）想过稳定的朝九晚五的生活”。

3. B 由语境可知，句意应为“难道就意味着你没有抱负吗？”

4. C 当今的媒体有一种鼓励精英主义的趋势（tendency）。

5. D 媒体试图让年轻人花大量的时间和金钱（money）来健身和整容。

6. A媒体甚至还鼓励生活方式的转型：如品尝红酒和国外旅行等。

7. C 引导方式状语从句，“按照”他们说的那样去做。

8. D 意思是“提高你的生活质量（quality）”。

9. B 根据两句的逻辑关系，应理解为：如果你不是（unless = if not）一个健身狂魔，你真的需要每周花五天去健身房吗？

10. B 因take selfies是固定搭配，相当于take pictures。

11. A 指PS那些“精选出来的（selected）”照片发到微信上。

12. B 由后面的sacrifice 可知选break，另外，break ones neck to do sth.是固定词组，意为“拼命地做某事”。

13. D 意思是“时常担心（worry about）以后如何融入上流社会”。

14. B 由上文中的精英可知，是想融入“上层（high）”社会。

15. A 意思是“别让精英主义影响到（get to sb.=effect sb.） 你”。

16. D 每个人都有权利过自己想过的生活（life）。

17. C 不应该根据他“是否”成为精英来判断他是成功还是失败。注意在介词后引导宾语从句表示“是否”，只能用whether不能用if。

18. A 与happy并列应是comfortable，意思是“只要你过着幸福又舒适的生活”。

19. C 为什么还要努力去追求“别人的”影子呢？

20. D 既然选择了自己的人生道路，就放手去追（go for it）吧。

（七）这是Facebook CEO 马克扎克伯格写的一篇有关于处理虚假新闻的更新文章，表明Facebook 认真对待新闻信息。

1. A 根据文章第一段“A lot of you have asked what were doing about misinformation”可知答案为misinformation。原词重现。

2. D 根据第1题，认真对待misinformation， 也就意味需要accurate information （准确的信息）。另外，也可以根据12题所在的句子得出答案。原词重现。

3. A 根据第8题句子可以得出答案，也可以根据句意“我们一直在处理这个问题。” 原词重现。

4. C 根据句意“我们已经取得了显著的进步，但是还有很多需要做的”，所以答案为But。

5. B 根据13题句子，可以答案，原词重现。句意为“历史上，我们一直依靠社区帮助辨别虚假信息。”

6. C 根据前一句的what is fake 什么是虚假的，可知答案为untrue。同义重现。

7. A 根据句意“……我们可以有信心地归类虚假信息。”，也可以根据上一题understand what is fake and what is not得出答案，同义重现。

8. B 根据后文的内容，既相信可以自由发声，又需要小心对待，这其实就是复杂的。

9. C 根据后文的定语从句内容，意味着让网友在任何可能的时候分享想分享的内容。这也就是发声。

10. D 根据上一题可以得出答案。

11. D 根据句意“我们需要小心不阻止网友分享观点”，所以答案为discourage。

12. C 根据句意 “错误地限制准确的内容”可知答案为content。

13. A 根据上下文的内容及句意“相反，依靠我们的社区和信任的第三方”可以知道答案。

14. B 根据上一題可以得出答案。

15. C 根据句意“尽管错误信息的比例相对很小，但是我们还有很多工作需要做。”可以知道答案。

16. B 根据句意“通常地，我们不会分享工作的进展，但是出于重视及很多人对这件事的兴趣。我们分享了最近的进展。”

17. D 根据第16题可知答案。

18. A 根据第16题可知答案。

19. D 根据句意“有些做法起作用，但是有些没有。” 可知答案。

20. B 根据句意“我们明白这个问题是非常重要的，所以我们承诺做好这件事。”

责任编辑 蒋小青