语法填空专项训练

湖北 汪艳兵

语法填空专项训练

湖北 汪艳兵

Passage 1

A carrier rocket sent a Shenzhou-11 spacecraft with astronauts Chen Dong and Jing Haipeng into space. 1 rocket was fired from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in the Gobi desert. After two days in Earths’ orbit， the spacecraft was to link up with Chinas’ space laboratory， called the Tiangong-2， 2 name means“ Heavenly Palace 2”. The lab

3 （place） into orbit last month.

The astronauts will spend 30 days on the Tiangong-2.They plan to perform 4 （science）and spacecraft-related experiments and tested systems for a future space station. In

5 words， the Tiangong-2 laboratory will not be part of that space station. 6 （it） main goal is to practice the techniques and the 7 （technology） that theyl’l be using to build and operate that final space station.

8 is predicted that the Chinese space station will be built mostly by machine. China hopes to have the space station

9 （complete） by 2022 and it is expected to operate for at least 10 years.

China also plans to land a rover vehicle on Mars by 2020.Until now，China has completed a total of five manned space missions. And， in 2003，it 10 （successful） landed a probe on the moon.

Passage 2

Journey to the West is an ancient 1 （China） novel about the pilgrimage of a Tang Monk and his three disciples to obtain Buddhist scriptures.

Based 2 a real story in history，it is a household myth in China. Back in the Tang Dynasty，a young monk called Xuan Zang traveled over ten thousand miles to India to obtain Buddhist scriptures. He went through many ordeals before achieving his goal. But besides 3 （praise）the achievements of the Tang Monk，the novel portrays three other characters，the 4 （famous），the Monkey King，Sun Wukong.

SunWukong is a monkey capable of magic， 5 is just，brave and capable of 72 transformations. While on the journey，he defeated and killed numerous devils. The character 6 （love） by all in China. As to the other two pilgrims， 7 the pig demon is kind by nature，he is constantly gluttonous and lazy at work. The river demon is loyal，honest，hardworking and uncomplaining，and responsible for taking care of the daily needs of his master and fellow pilgrims.

They four 8 （survive） the test of eighty-one challenges in the adventure before 9 （final） acquiring Buddhist scriptures.

10 （it） many tales about fighting devils，surpassing oneself and overcoming difficulties have always been a positive influence on Chinese people.

Passage 3

Wrangell-St. Elias，the largest 1 （nation） park in America，contains some of North America’s largest glaciers that cover almost 13 000 square kilometers of the park. One of the park’s most striking places is the Hubbard Glacier（哈巴德冰川）， 2 is 120 kilometers long and 10 kilometers wide，is said to be the 3 （long） tidewater glacier in North America. It begins on the Mount Logan in Canada and ends in the 4 （water）of Disenchantment Bay.

Unlike most glaciers，Hubbard is thickening and extending. Others face melting caused by 5 （increase）temperature；on the contrary，it is only getting bigger.

But experts say Hubbard reacts in an opposite way to climate change. As the 6 （Earth） temperature rises，the area around Wrangell-St. Elias gets more snow and rain.Scientists say this snow and rain is what 7 （permit） the glacier to grow. Sometimes，very fast growth causes huge pieces of ice 8 （break） apart from the glacier. Scientists call this “calving”. The ice creates a noisy sound 9 it breaks and falls into the water.

It is Hubbard Glacier’s size，beauty，and “calving”activity 10 have made it popular with park visitors.

Passage 4

It’s been reviewed that a one-month old baby boy has become the 1 （young） lung donor in the UK. Theodore Omondi died after a sudden illness 2 he was just 41 days old. His parents asked if his organs could 3 （donate） to help others. The parents of Theodore Omondi released the details saying they were proud that their son’s organs had helped to save the 4 （life） of two other people. One of the recipients was a five-month old baby girl， 5 other a young adult. Imogen Bolton，a 5-month old baby girl received both of Theo’s lungs in a 7-hour 6 （operate） at Great Ormond Street Hospital in London. His kidneys were also donated.7 went to a young adult waiting for a suitable match. A kidney transplant from a baby to an adult is rare. 8 have been fewer than 10 such transplants in the UK.

Theo’s parents said in an open letter，“We believe he 9 （want） to help others if he had been able to grow up and make the same decision 10 （he）.”

【参考答案与解析】

Passage 1

1. The。考查冠词。文章第一句首次提到A carrier rocket，这里是复现，表示特指，故用the。

2. whose。考查非限制性定语从句的关系代词。根据后面的名词name和分析句子成分可以看出此处缺少定语，所以使用whose。

3. was placed。考查动词的时态和语态。last month明确表明时态信息，再加上此处应该使用被动语态。故填was placed。

4. scientific。考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰名词experiments，故用形容词形式。

5. other。考查固定搭配。in other words意为“换句话说”，所以填other。

6. Its。考查形容词性物主代词。分析句子结构可知，此处应修饰名词，应用形容词性物主代词形式。

7. technologies。考查名词复数。technologies和techniques 构成并列关系，故填technologies。

8. It。考查名词性从句。“It is predicted that...”为固定句型，意为“人们预测……”，故使用It。

9. completed。考查非谓语动词。have something completed意为“使……完成”，即“完成……”，故填completed。

10. successfully。考查词性转换。修饰动词landed应该用副词形式，故填successfully。

Passage 2

1. Chinese。考查词性转换。《西游记》是中国的古典文学名著，Chinese意为“中国的”，符合语境。

2. on。考查介词。be based on为固定搭配，意为“以……为基础”，符合语境，故填on。

3. praising。考查非谓语动词。besides为介词，后面用动名词构成介宾短语。

4. most famous。考查形容词的最高级。师兄弟三人中悟空“最为知名”，所以用最高级形式。

5. who。考查定语从句。本句为间隔性定语从句，先行词为a monkey，虽为动物，但采用拟人手法，且下文中使用he，所以此处应该使用可以引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词who。

6. is loved。考查动词的时态和语态。孙悟空这一角色一直广为国人喜爱是不争的事实，所以填is loved。

7. though/although。考查连词。句意为：尽管八戒内心善良，但总是好吃懒做。此处存在让步转折关系，故填though/although。

8. have survived。考查动词的时态。根据全文的主要时态是一般现在时及本句中的语境可知，此处应用现在完成时。表示现在（取得真经）之前完成的动作，凸显经历九九八十一难和取得真经的因果关系。

9. finally。修饰动词acquire应用副词形式，故填finally。

10. Its。考查词性转换。此处为形容词性物主代词作定语。

Passage 3

1. national。考查词性转换。national 国家的，符合语境。

2. which。考查which引导的非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，故填which。

3. longest。考查形容词的最高级用法。

4. waters。考查名词复数。waters表示（湖﹑ 河等的）水域，符合语境。

5. increasing。考查现在分词作定语的用法。increasing意为“不断增长的，不断上涨的”。

6. Earth’s。考查名词所有格用法。根据语境可知答案。

7. permits。考查动词的时态。what作主语且前文都是一般现在时，故填permits。

8. to break。考查动词不定式作宾语补足语的用法。cause sb./sth. to do意为“造成（某事物），使发生”。

9. as/when。考查时间状语从句。as/when意为“当……时候”。

10. that 。考查强调句结构。分析句子结构可知，此处为强调句结构。

Passage 4

1. youngest。考查形容词的最高级用法。句意为：男婴西奥多·欧蒙迪是英国年龄最小的肺捐赠者。

2. when。when引导时间状语从句，译作“当……的时候”。

3. be donated。考查被动语态的用法。指有用器官可以（被）捐献出来救他人。

4. lives。考查可数名词的复数用法。这里指两条人命，所以用lives。

5. the。考查定冠词用法。表示两者中的一个和另一个，用“one...the other”。

6. operation。考查词性转换。operate的名词形式是operation。

7. They。考查人称代词。They指代的是上文提到的 “his kidneys”。

8. There。考查there be句型结构。此处是there be句型的现在完成时结构there have been。

9. would have wanted。考查虚拟语气。结合“如果他们的孩子能够活着长大的话，”可以看出此处是对过去情况的虚拟，所以填would have wanted。

10. himself。考查反身代词表强调的用法。此处指他自己也会做出同样的决定。

湖北省十堰市郧阳中学）

关于颜色的英文谚语

A.red（红色）

无论是在英语国家还是在中国，红色往往与庆祝活动或喜庆日子有关。因为日历中，这些日子常用红色字体。因此， red letter day指的是“纪念日”或“喜庆的日子”。

红色还指“负债”或“亏损”，因为人们总是用红笔登记负数。于是就有了这些词组：

red figure赤字；red ink赤字；in the red亏损；red-ink entry赤字分录；red balance赤字差额。除此之外，还有如：red cent一分钱；red gold纯金；red tip on stock market指股票市场的最新情报。

B.black（黑色）

在英语中经常有“不好的”“坏的”“邪恶的”这种意味。例如：black money黑钱（指来源不正当而且没有向政府报税的钱）；black market黑市交易或黑市（意为暗中进行政府禁止买卖的商品或外汇的交易，或指进行违法活动的投机市场），由此派生出black market price黑市价格。

另外，英语中，和红色墨水是“赤字”的意思相反，黑色还可表示盈利。例如：black figure/in the black盈利、赚钱、顺差；black figure nation国际收支顺差国；interest in the black应收利息 。

C.blue（蓝色）

在英语中通常表示“不快乐、忧郁”的情绪。如：in a blue mood情绪低沉 。

还常用来表示社会地位高、有权势或出身贵族或王族。如 ：He is a real blue blood.（他是真正的贵族）；blue-eyed boys（受到管理当局宠爱和特别照顾的职工）；a blue moon千载难逢的机会。

经济词汇中blue表示许多不同的意思。如：blue book蓝皮书；blue-sky market露天市场；blue-collar workers从事体力劳动的工人；blue chip热门证券；blue button喻指有权进入股票交易的经纪人；blue return蓝色所得税申报表（专供诚实的纳税人申报用）；blue-chip rate英国的优惠的信贷利率；blue laws蓝法（指禁止在星期日从事商业交易的美国法律）。

D.green（绿色）

英语中的green常用来表示“嫉妒”，如 ：greeneyed嫉妒/眼红。

green还表示“新鲜”或没有经验、缺乏训练，如：green meat鲜肉；a green hand新手。

green在财经领域还有下列意思：如：green back美钞（因为美元背面为绿色）（用于口语）；green power“金钱的力量”或“财团” ；green stamp指美国救济补助票，因印成绿色而得名；green sheet指政府预算明细比较表；green pound绿色英镑（指共同体内部计算农产品价格而规定的高汇率英镑）。

E.white（白色）

在英语中white常使人联想起清白，如：white war没有硝烟的战争，常指“经济竞争”。

有些事物因其颜色为白而得名，如 ：white goods指的是体积大、单价高的家用电器用具，这类物体常刷成白色，故名；white money银币；white coal水力；white elephant昂贵却派不上用场的物体或物主不需要但又无法处置之物 ；white sale大减价 ；the white way白光大街（指城里灯光灿烂的商业区）。

（文章来源于网络，有删改）