高效异养硝化细菌富集与强化脱氮

2016-09-21潘玉瑾郭惠宣胡筱敏

东南大学学报（自然科学版） 2016年4期

关键词：异养富营养化硝化

刘　芳　赵　鑫　潘玉瑾　郭惠宣　林　琦　胡筱敏

(东北大学资源与土木工程学院, 沈阳 110819)

高效异养硝化细菌富集与强化脱氮

刘芳赵鑫潘玉瑾郭惠宣林琦胡筱敏

(东北大学资源与土木工程学院, 沈阳 110819)

高效异养硝化菌;高通量测序;生物强化;脱氮;SBR

自然水体的氨氮污染,是引发富营养化和导致水生生态系统破坏的重要元凶.水体富营养化会引起某些藻类的恶性繁殖,大量藻类的死亡会耗去水中的氧气,引起鱼虾类水产物的大量死亡,致使湖泊退化甚至消亡.据统计,我国平均每年有20个天然湖泊消亡[1].

1　实验材料与方法

1.1实验装置

高效异养硝化微生物的富集和强化脱氮实验均在SBR中进行.SBR有效容积为5 L,时控开关控制进水、曝气和出水时间,气体流量计控制曝气量.整个实验过程中SBR反应周期均为进水0.25 h, 曝气6 h,静置0.5 h,出水0.5 h,停滞0.75 h;水力停留时间HRT为8 h.SBR实验装置系统如图1所示.

1—进水箱;2—进水泵;3—空气转子流量计;4—微孔曝气头;5—SBR反应器;6—空气泵;7—液体转子流量计图1　SBR实验装置系统

1.2实验方法

1.3测定方法

微生物群落结构分析委托上海美吉生物医药科技有限公司完成,实验流程为基因组DNA提取→设计并合成引物接头→PCR扩增和产物纯化→PCR产物定量和均一化→MiSeq PE文库制备→MiSeq高通量测序.

2　结果与讨论

2.1异养硝化菌群的富集

(a) 去除率

(b) 质量浓度

图3　富集前后微生物群落结构图

2.2异养硝化菌群的生物强化

图4　出水COD和NH+4-N质量浓度

图5　三氮浓度随时间变化

图6　进、出水COD和NH+4-N浓度

3　结论

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Enrichment and enhanced nitrogen removal of heterotrophic nitrifying bacteria

Liu Fang Zhao Xin Pan Yujin Guo Huixuan Lin Qi Hu Xiaomin

(School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China)