涉及it用法的四类考点
2016-04-14文/张鹏
文/张 鹏
涉及it用法的四类考点
一、考查it用作形式主语的用法
当不定式、动名词、从句等用作主语时,为避免头重脚轻,通常在句首使用形式主语it,而把真正的主语放在句子末尾。如:
1)It is easy for her to find a new job.找一份新工作对她来说很容易。
2)It is very kind of you to help me find my bike.你帮我找到了自行车真是太好了。
3)It’s simply a waste of time and money seeing that movie.看那个电影纯粹是浪费时间和金钱。
4)It is quite clear that he has read the book.很显然,他读过这本书。
5)It doesn’t matter what he says.他说什么没关系。
【特别提醒】用作动词look,seem,appear,happen,occur,follow等的主语,后接that从句或as if从句。如:
1)It seems that he knows everything.他好像什么都知道。
2)It so happened that I had no money with me.碰巧我没带钱。
【中考真题1】(2015年永州卷)is very dangerous to swim alone in the river.
A.ItB.ThisC.That
二、考查it用作形式宾语的用法
当不定式、动名词、从句等用作宾语且后跟有宾语补足语时,就应该在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语,而将真正的宾语移至句末。如:
1)We found it difficult to persuade her.我们发现很难说服她。
2)Plenty of rain made it possible for the farmers to have a good harvest this year.充足的雨水使农民们今年获得大丰收成为可能。
3)I think it no good doing it like that.我认为那样做没有好处。
【特别提醒】注意it用作形式宾语的特殊句式:
1.动词+it+if/when从句
当enjoy,like,dislike,love,hate,prefer,appreciate等动词后需要接一个if或when引导的从句时,此时必须要先在动词后接it作形式宾语。如:
1)She won’t like it if you arrive late.她不喜欢你迟到。
2)I would appreciate it very much if you would help me with it.如果你能帮助我做这事,我会十分感激。
2.动词+介词+it+that从句
能用于此句型的主要有三个动词,即depend on,answer for,see to。如:
1)You may depend on it that he will turn up in time.你可以相信他会及时赶到。
2)I can’t answer for it that the boy is honest.我不能保证这个男孩是诚实的。
【中考真题2】(2015年贵阳卷)Many people’s effort madepossible to have the great sports meeting in Guiyang.
A.itB.thisC.that
【中考真题3】(2015年齐齐哈尔卷)I foundnot very easyto ride a bike.
A.that;learnB.it;to learnC.that;to learn
三、考查it与one的区别
两者均可代替前面提到的事物,区别是:it指的是与前面已提到的事物为同一物,此时的it等于“the(this,that,my...)+名词”;而one指的是与前面已提到的事物为同一类物,此时的one等于“a+名词”。比较:
1)I have a dictionary but I’ve lent it to Mary.我有一本词典,但我把它借给玛丽了。
2)I haven’t a dictionary.Can you lend me one?我没有词典,你能借我一本吗?
【中考真题4】(2016年天津卷)I can’t find my ticket.I think I have lost.
A.itB.oneC.thisD.them
【中考真题5】(2016年无锡卷)—I can’t find the magazine I bought this morning.
—Well,Jack is readingover there.Why not go and see if it is yours?
A.itB.thatC.oneD.some
四、考查it在习语中的用法
包含it的习语很多,我们在考试中经常遇到的有:
1.forget it意为“没关系;不必在意;休想;不可能;别提了”。如:
1)—I’m terribly sorry I broke your glass.很抱歉,我把你的玻璃杯打碎了。
—Forget it.没关系。
2)—I’d like to take a week’s holiday.我想休一个星期的假。
—Forget it.We’re too busy.不可能,我们太忙了。
2.It/That depends.意为“视情况而定”。如:
—How long are you staying?你会呆多久?
—I don’t know.It depends.我不知道,那得看情况。
3.make it意为“约定时间;及时到达某地;赶上某事;设法做成某事等”。如:
1)Let’s make it at 8:30.Is that all right for you?我们约定在八点半,这对你来说合适吗?
2)The train will leave in ten minutes,so I think we can’t make it.火车十分钟后出发,我想我们不可能赶上了。
3)You needn’t worry about it.He will make it.你不必担心这件事,他会办成的。
4.go it意为“赶快干;加把劲”。如:
Go it,or we won’t finish the work on time.赶紧点,否则我们将不会按时完成任务了。
5.take it easy意为“不紧张;从容;不急”。如:
1)Take it easy,Peter.I’ll help you out.别着急,彼得,我来帮你解决。
2)Try not to work yourself too hard.Take it easy.别太辛苦了。轻松点。
6.It’s up to you意为“随你……”。如:
It’s up to you to find out what your goals really are.真正的目标是什么,只能由你来决定。
【中考真题6】(2015年宁波卷)—I’m so sorry about last night.It was all my fault.
—.
A.Forget itB.No wayC.Go aheadD.My pleasure
【中考真题7】(2016年鄂州卷)—I’m very nervous the night before the big exam.
—.I’m sure you can make it.
A.Take it easyB.Take your timeC.Go aheadD.Enjoy yourself
【中考真题8】(2015年临沂卷)—Shall we go to the amusement park right away or next weekend?
—.Any time will do.
A.Excuse meB.Have a good time
C.I’m afraid I can’tD.It’s up to you
Key:1.A2.A3.B4.A5.C6.A7.A8.D
责任编辑:李丁文