单句语法填空专项训练

河南 张英杰

单句语法填空专项训练

河南 张英杰

1._______（behave）in this selfless and devoted manner，these little creatures have survived on Earth for more than 140 million years，far longer than dinosaurs.

2._______light moves into a material with a new speed，it bends and scatters.

3.One thing is clear for these larger animals，______（stay）transparent is an active process.

4.Group exercise is an opportunity to be social，release endorphin（s内啡肽），and improve your_______（strong）.

5.Surrounding yourself with people whol’l provide you with respect support can be very beneficial while_______（work）towards reaching health and fitness goals.

6.The shade of the forest trees provides a home for birds and other specie（s物种） ______depend on the trees’flowers and fruits.

7.The destruction of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures________certain diseases.

8.Full-sun coffee production slows down the_______（lose）of shade trees.

9.Ⅲ-designed lighting washes out the darkness of night and completely changes the light levels—and light rhythms—________which many forms of life，including ourselves，have adapted.

10.Wev’e grown so used to this orange haze_______the original glory of an unlit night is wholly，beyond our experience，beyond memory almost.

11.The scale of our being，which is best measured _______the dimensions of a deep night with the Milky Way—the edge of our galaxy—arching overhead.

12.Dinner ended only after we had_______clear understanding of at least half a dozen such facts.

13.And by looking at us，listening to us，respecting our input，affirming（肯定）our value，giving us a sense of dignity，Papa was unquestionably our most_______（influence）teacher.

14._______someone spotted the boat，everyone would do last-minute tidying and change into fancy clothes.

15.After he steadied himself，he shook Glenn’s mother’s hand，and the inspection continued as though nothing ________（happen）.

16.A birdwatcher，_______（arm）with a telescope，found the pet sitting desperately on a rock.

17.It was，________Mr.Holden admitted，“a minor miracle（奇迹）”．

18.For example，just one of his cantaloupes filled the entire house with its sweet smell，and the taste was even _______（sweet）.

19.He lived in a time________the blind couldn’t get much education.

20.Over the years，the game_______（produce）using letters in different sizes and game boards in different colours.

21.Our students come from different backgrounds but have the same desire_______（learn）online.

22.Students receive_______（write）notice when the fine goes into effect.

23.Psychologists have suggested that science as _______effort—the desire to explore，explain，and understand our world—is simply something that comes from our babyhood.

24.The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality _______an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings，sculptures，drawings and more.

25.Looking back on your day，you will find it hard _______（deny）that a horseback safari is as close as you will ever come to answering the call of the wild.

26.She also operates a website， ______she shares her tips and recipes，with the goal of demonstrating that everyone has the ability to control what’s on their plate.

27.Investing（投入）in time for parenting and raising relationships is money wel___l____（spend）.

28.I was so frightened that I closed my eyes and _______（desperate）threw myself at that guy like a bulle（t子弹）—and stopped him cold.

29.So，always try to live a little bit_______your abilities—and youl’l find your abilities are greater than you ever dreamed.

30.I wonder how he would react if I_______（be）to read my newspaper out loud on the train.

31.I have never had the courage to do it，_______.

32.The late musician Dennis Brain is said_______（ask）a fellow train passenger to turn off his radio.

33.I________（do）read my newspaper out loud on a train，and it turned out well.

34.________（make）the work easier，workers may have smoothed the paths either with wet clay or with the fat from cattle.

35.However，physicist Joseph West thinks there might have been a simpler way，_______led the new study.

36._______household robots today do the normal housework，social robots will be much more like companions than mere tools.

37.These robots will be able to distinguish when someone is happy or sad，which allows them to respond more appropriately________the user.

38.The Jibo robot，arranged to ship later this year，is designed to be a personalized________（assist）.

39.The more positive an article，the_______（likely）it was to be shared，Dr Berger explains in his new book，Contagious：Why Things Catch On.

40.A scientist working at her lab bench and a six-monthold baby playing with his food might seem to have little _______common.

41.It is likely_______babies are not born knowing the basic fact of the universe；nor are they ever clearly taught it.

42.Instead，babies may form an understanding of object support through repeated experiments and then build on this knowledge to learn even more about_______objects interact.

43.A baby will come to accept the idea_______other people can have different views and desires from what he or she has.

44.Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation throws light on how children learn，but it also offers an_______（inspire）look at science and scientists.

45.Perhaps evolution provided human babies with curiosity and a natural drive to explain their worlds，and adult scientists simply make use of the same drive_______served them as children.

46._______（fail）is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has.

47.You can end up with_______astronauts call a carbondioxide headache.

48._______willing to get started，we cannot seem to do the job right.

49.Nothing like this________（do）before，and day after day I kept coming up with solutions，but none of them worked.

50.There is_______more tiring than not succeeding.

51.Its difficulties appear so great that， ______hard we work，we fail again and again.

52.Relieved，I sat back in an easy chair and fell_______（sleep）.

53.Success，then，means never_______（feel）tired.

54.This is despite evidence_______a dollar spent on risk-reduction saves at least two on reconstruction.

55.Better sewers（下水道）make_______less likely that heavy rain is followed by an outbreak of the disease of bad stomach.

56.One day，mentally exhausted，I wrote down all the reasons________this problem could not be solved.

57.When a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops， ______may be implied is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.

58.Other cultures may use silence in other ways，_______（particular）when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power.

59.Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic________discussion.

60.Since 1992，there________（be）multiple reintroductions to the wild，and there are now more than 150 flying over California and nearby Arizona，Utah and Baja in Mexico.

【参考答案及解析】

1.【解析】Behaving。考查非谓语动词。behave和句子谓语“survive”之间没有连词，且和句子主语“creatures”构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。

2.【解析】Every time/When。考查连词。every time/ when在此处是连词，引导时间状语从句，在从句中作时间状语，符合语境。

3.【解析】staying。考查动名词。staying在此处是动名词作主语，符合语境。

4.【解析】strength。考查词性转换。your是形容词性物主代词，修饰名词作定语，故用名词strength。

5.【解析】working。考查省略。本句是一个省略句，补充完整应该是：while you are working。当主从句主语一致时，从句的主语和系动词可以省略，故用working。

6.【解析】that/which。考查定语从句。that/which引导限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词“birds and other species”。

7.【解析】for。考查介词。固定词组搭配：a cure for sth.意为“……的治疗方法”，符合语境，故用介词for。

8.【解析】loss。考查词性转换。冠词修饰名词或代词，故此处用名词形式，即：loss，与介词of呼应。

9.【解析】to。考查介词。固定词组搭配：adapt to...意为“适应”，符合语境，故用介词to加which引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语。

10.【解析】that。考查连词。固定词组：so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”，引导状语从句，符合语境，故用连词that。

11.【解析】against。考查介词。against意为“反对，违反，倚，靠”，与语境measure呼应。

12.【解析】a。考查冠词。固定词组搭配：have a/ an...understanding of意为“对……有所理解”，符合语境，故用不定冠词。

13.【解析】influential。考查词性转换。修饰名词的词一般为形容词，故应用形容词influential修饰名词teacher，在句中作定语。

14.【解析】As soon as/When。考查连词。as soon as/ when是连词，引导状语从句，符合语境。

15.【解析】had happened。考查动词时态。连词as though意为“好像”，后跟虚拟语气，即：与过去事实相反时用过去完成时，与语境continued呼应，故用had happened。

16.【解析】armed。考查非谓语动词。“arm”和句子谓语“found”之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词，且和句子主语“a birdwatcher”构成逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。

17.【解析】as。考查定语从句。as引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作宾语，代指整个句子的内容，意为“正如”，符合语境。

18.【解析】sweeter。考查形容词比较级。much，far，any，even等副词经常修饰形容词或副词的比较级，且与系动词“was”呼应，故用形容词比较级的形式，即sweeter，作表语。

19.【解析】when。考查连词。when引导定语从句，在从句中作时间状语，修饰先行词“a time”，符合语境。

20.【解析】has been produced。考查动词时态和语态。over+时间段，句子经常用现在完成时，且“game”和“produce”构成逻辑上的被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。

21.【解析】to learn。考查非谓语动词。根据固定词组搭配：have a desire to do sth.意为“想做某事”，符合语境，故用不定式形式。

22.【解析】written。考查非谓语动词。“write”和句子谓语“receive”之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词，且和其逻辑主语“notice”构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。

23.【解析】an。考查冠词。effort在此处表示具体的行为，故用不定冠词修饰，表示努力做某事。

24.【解析】with。考查with的复合结构。with+名词/代词+非谓语动词/形容词/副词/介词短语，即：with的复合结构，在句中作状语，符合语境，故用介词with。

25.【解析】to deny。考查非谓语动词。固定句型：find it+形容词+不定式，其中it作形式宾语，不定式作真正的宾语，符合语境。

26.【解析】where。考查定语从句。where引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词“website”，符合语境。

27.【解析】spent。考查非谓语动词。“spend”和句子谓语“is”之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词，且和逻辑主语“money”构成被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。

28.【解析】desperately。考查词性转换。副词修饰形容词、副词或动词，此处desperately是副词，修饰动词“threw”，在句中作状语，符合语境。

29.【解析】beyond。考查介词。beyond是介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词，意为“超越”，此处意为“力所不能及”，符合语境。

30.【解析】were。考查虚拟语气。根据语境“how he would react”可知，本句是一个对现在情况虚拟的句子，故if条件句用过去时。此外，在虚拟语气句中，be动词用过去时时，用were的形式，无论句子主语是单数还是复数形式。

31.【解析】though。考查副词。根据语境逗号提示可知，此处用副词的形式，在句中作状语，且结合句意可推知，此处表示转折关系，故用副词though。

32.【解析】to have asked。考查非谓语动词。根据固定句型：it is said that...=sb./sth.is said to do，意为“据说”，且与语境“late”呼应可知，时间已经发生，故此处用不定式的完成时形式。

33.【解析】did。考查强调。根据语境“turned”可知，此处用过去时形式，且对谓语动词“read”进行强调，故用助动词did。

34.【解析】To make。考查非谓语动词。此处不定式表示目的，与句子谓语“smooth”之间没有连词，符合语境。

35.【解析】who。考查定语从句。who引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词“physicist Joseph West”，符合语境。

36.【解析】While/Though/Although。考查连词。While/Though/Although意为“尽管”，是连词，引导让步状语从句，符合语境。

37.【解析】to。考查介词。根据固定词组：respond to sb./sth.意为“回应某人或某物”，符合语境，故用介词to。

38.【解析】assistant。考查词性转换。根据语境冠词a提示可知，此处是表示人的名词，故用assistant。

39.【解析】more likely。考查形容词比较级。根据固定句型：the more...the more...意为“越来越……”，符合语境，故用比较级形式。

40.【解析】in。考查介词。根据固定词组搭配：have something/nothing in common意为“有/无共同之处”，符合语境，故用介词in。

41.【解析】that。考查连词。根据固定句型：It is likely that...意为“有可能……”，it作形式主语，that引导真正的主语从句，在从句中不作句子成分，符合语境，故用连词that。

42.【解析】how。考查连词。how引导宾语从句，在从句中作方式状语，与不及物动词“interact”呼应。

43.【解析】that。考查连词。that引导同位语从句，在从句中不作句子成分，对同位语“idea”的内容进行补充说明。

44.【解析】inspiring。考查非谓语动词。“inspire”和句子谓语“offers”之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词，且修饰物用现在分词，表示“令人……”，符合语境。

45.【解析】that。考查定语从句。在定语从句中，当先行词被so，such或the same修饰时，用关系代词that引导。此处that在从句中作主语，不可省略。

46.【解析】Failure。考查词性转换。与语境“is”呼应可知，此处缺少主语，故用抽象名词failure作主语。

47.【解析】what。考查连词。what引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语。

48.【解析】Though/While/Although。考查连词。根据语境可知，上下分句之间表示逻辑上的让步关系，故用连词though/although/while引导让步状语从句。

49.【解析】had been done。考查动词时态和语态。before作副词时，句子经常用完成时，且与语境“kept”呼应，故用过去完成时。此外，“this”和“do”在逻辑上构成被动关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态。

50.【解析】nothing。考查代词。否定+比较级=最高级，符合语境，且在句中作表语，故用否定性代词nothing，与语境“succeeding”呼应。

51.【解析】however。考查连词。however引导状语从句，在从句中作状语，修饰副词“hard”，符合语境。

52.【解析】asleep。考查词性转换。此处asleep是形容词，意为“熟睡的”，与系动词fall构成系表结构，符合语境。

53.【解析】feeling。考查动名词。固定词组：mean doing意为“意味着”，符合语境，故用动名词作宾语。

54.【解析】that。考查连词。that引导同位语从句，在从句中不作句子成分，对同位语“evidence”的内容进行补充说明。

55.【解析】it。考查连词。it作形式宾语，代替后面真正的宾语，即：that引导的宾语从句，符合语境。

56.【解析】why。考查定语从句。why引导定语从句，在从句中作原因状语，修饰先行词“reasons”。

57.【解析】what。考查连词。what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语。

58.【解析】particularly。考查副词。副词修饰形容词、副词或动词，甚至整个句子，作状语。此处particularly是副词，修饰整个从句。

59.【解析】under。考查介词。固定词组搭配：under discussion意为“在讨论中”，符合语境。

60.【解析】have been。考查动词时态。当since意为“自从”时，主句经常用现在完成时，且与“multiple reintroductions”形成呼应，故填have been。

（作者单位：河南省新密市第二高级中学）