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跟拖延症说拜拜就是这么简单

2016-03-12MargaretKaminski

新东方英语·中学版 2016年3期
关键词:彩笔做作业课本

Margaret+Kaminski++张京晋

Read this now (not later!) to end the last-minute panic. For good.

You know the people who walk confidently into a math test without trying to burn last-minute formulas2) into their brains? They may seem like homework cyborgs3), but they're real, and you can become one of them—once you learn to keep procrastination under control.

The first step: understanding that procrastination isn't caused by laziness! Most of us put things off to avoid negative emotions—from awkwardness to boredom to anxiety. But the truth is, you'll save yourself tons of stress if you outsmart those sneaky feelings that get in your way—and it's easier than you think.

为了终结(永远地终结)最后一分钟的慌乱,现在(而不是待会儿!)就来读一下这篇文章吧。

你知道那种无须在最后一分钟竭力将公式刻进脑子里就能自信满满地走进数学考场的人吧?他们可能看起来像是会做作业的智能机器人,但他们是真实存在的,而且你也可以成为他们中的一员——一旦你学会掌控拖延症的话。

首先,要明白拖延症不是懒惰造成的!我们当中的大部分人做事拖延是为了规避从尴尬到无聊再到焦虑的负面情绪。但事实却是,如果你能比挡在你前行道路上的那些鬼鬼祟祟的情绪更高明(这比你想象的要容易一些),你将帮助自己免受极大的压力。

Find Your Procrastination Style and Fix It ... Not When You "Feel Like It"—Right Now!

找到你所对应的拖延症类型,然后搞定它……不是你“想做这件事”的时候,而是现在!

01 The Busy Bee

如果你是忙碌型

Sure, you'll study for tomorrow's Spanish test! Right after you walk the dog, call your grandma, go for a run, eat a snack, brush your teeth ...

The Fix: You may have tricked yourself into thinking you're being productive, but you can't fool us. You're simply postponing4) that one big, terrifying task! To tackle it, break your studying into smaller chunks (think: "memorize 10 vocab words") and put each piece on your to-do list. You'll get to cross more items off (best feeling ever!) plus you'll start thinking of the test material as many manageable pieces—rather than one huge hunk5).

1.procrastinate [pr???kr?st??ne?t] vi. 拖延;耽搁

2.formula [?f??mj?l?] n. 公式;方程式;计算式

3.cyborg [?sa?b??ɡ] n. (科幻故事中)半人半机器的生物

当然了,你会为了明天的西班牙语考试去学习的!但那得等你先遛完狗、给奶奶打完电话、跑完步、吃完点心、刷完牙……

如何搞定:你或许欺骗了自己,让你自己以为这样做很有收获,可你骗不了我们。你只不过是在把那项重大而可怕的任务往后推而已!要解决这个问题,你得把你的学习任务分解成更小的块(试想“背十个单词”),并将每一小块任务列在你的任务清单上。最后你将可以从任务清单上划掉更多的内容——那可是前所未有的最美妙的感觉!此外,你还会开始把那些考试材料看成是自己力所能及的许多小块,而不是一大块。

02 The Multitasker

如果你是一心多用型

You're great at getting started—if by that you mean opening a textbook and highlighting6) while also watching cat videos and eating fruits.

The Fix: It's normal to be bored or hungry, but your diversions7) don't need to derail8) you. To stay on track, turn your distractions into your rewards: Do work for 20 minutes, and then watch a video of a cute kitten flushing a toilet. Dying to replay? Get another 20 minutes of research or writing in first. Once the tough part (getting focused!) is over, you'll be barreling9) through that textbook before you can say "meow".

你很善于开始行动——如果对你而言,开始行动就意味着一边打开课本、用彩笔划出重点,一边还在看猫咪视频、吃水果的话。

如何搞定:感到无聊和饥饿很正常,但那些使你转移注意力的事物没有必要让你偏离正常的轨道。要使自己保持在正常的轨道上,就把那些让自己分心的东西变成给自己的奖励吧。先学习20分钟,然后看一段萌猫冲马桶的视频。着急想再看一遍?那就得再先拿出20分钟做点研究或是写点东西。这段难捱的部分(集中注意力!)一旦熬过去,你就已经在不知不觉快速浏览那本课本啦,之后就可以叫一声“喵”了。

03 The Avoider

如果你是逃避型

You open your backpack when—Slam! You're hit by an anxiety blackout10). You can't ever imagine finishing your work ... so you don't even start.

The Fix: The panicky part of your mind is having a tantrum11) so the decision-making side can't get a word in edgewise12). To put your rational brain back in the driver's seat13), try meditating—which sounds a lot harder than it is. Simply sit with your eyes closed and slowly breathe in through your nose, out through your mouth. Repeat 10 times, and then tackle your work. You'll feel more motivated—promise!

你打开背包,砰!你因焦虑而一下子失去知觉。你甚至根本无法想象你能完成功课……所以你干脆就不开始了。

如何搞定:你大脑中恐慌的那部分正在发脾气,因此负责做决策的那部分就插不上嘴了。为了让你的理性大脑重新掌控大局,试着冥想吧——这听起来要难得多,但其实不然。你只需闭上双眼坐下来, 慢慢地用鼻子吸气,再慢慢地用嘴巴呼气。这样重复十次,然后去做作业。你将会觉得更有动力,我保证!

04 The Thrill Seeker

如果你是寻求刺激型

You know you always work better "under pressure". So why would you waste time on your assignments before the heat14) is on?

The Fix: The heart-pounding pressure of working on a deadline can be exhilarating15) ... until you meet the soul-crushing crash that follows. To recreate that adrenaline16) rush in a productive way, give yourself tiny deadlines as you go, or squeeze in work at random times. Got a 25-minute bus ride home from school? Pick a of a big task (like reading just one chapter of To Kill a Mockingbird), and only give yourself those 25 minutes to do it. By the time you're two streets away, you'll be speed-reading to reach your goal.

你知道自己往往在“压力下”做得更好。所以你何必在压力尚未启动之前浪费时间去做你的作业呢?

如何搞定:踩着最后期限完成任务,那种令人心跳加速的紧迫可能会令你感到兴奋……直到你遭遇了随之而来的精神粉碎性的崩溃。如果你想再次有效地经历那种肾上腺素激增的状况,你可以在完成任务的过程中给自己设定一些小的截止日期,或是在做事的过程中时不时地挤出一些时间。你从学校回家不是要坐25分钟的公交车吗?从一项大的任务中选取一小块(比如只读《杀死一只知更鸟》这本书中的一个章节),并只给自己这25分钟来做这件事。当你离家只有两条街的距离时,你就会加快阅读速度来实现你的目标。

The Secret Science Behind Why You Put Stuff Off (and Brag About It!)

隐藏在你为何做事拖延(对此你还大肆炫耀!)背后的科学秘密

Psychologists share two of the deep-seated17) sources of procrastination. They sound different—but are surprisingly similar!

1. Fear of Failure

It sounds backward, but many students set themselves up for18) disappointment by (you guessed it!) procrastinating. Doing an assignment under extreme conditions—no sleep, no time, no research—gives them a built-in excuse if everything doesn't turn out perfectly.

2. Fear of Success

On the flip side19), others put off tasks because they're afraid they'll do well. Sound crazy? Think of it this way: When you're used to getting Bs, procrastination helps you maintain the system so you never have to find out your true potential—and live up to high expectations.

拖延症是由很多根深蒂固的原因导致的,心理学家们分享了其中的两种。它们听起来不同,但其实却惊人的相似!

1. 害怕失败

这个原因听起来有点不思进取,但许多同学都是通过拖延(你猜对了!)来使自己应对令人失望的状况的。在极端条件(没有睡觉、时间不够、没做研究)下完成作业使他们拥有了一个“内置”的借口——如果最后一切都不是那么理想的话。

2. 害怕成功

恰好相反,有人拖延任务是因为他们害怕自己会做得很好。听起来很荒唐吧?不妨这样来看这种想法:当你习惯得到B时,拖延症可以帮你保持你现有的这一套方法,这样你就永远都不用被迫去挖掘自己的真正潜力并进而达到别人对你的高期望了。

The Bottom Line?

拖延的底线是什么?

Next time you feel like brushing off20) work, don't worry about succeeding or failing. Focus on the task—and you'll be done before you can psych yourself out21).

下次你对手头的事情没有那么上心时,不要担心成败。把注意力集中在任务上——那么,在你还没能把自己弄得紧张兮兮之前,任务就已经完成了。

4.postpone [p??sp??n] vt. (使事件、行动等)延迟;延期

5.hunk [h??k] n. 一大块;一大片

6.highlight [?ha?la?t] vi. 将(文本的某部分)用彩笔做标记

7.diversion [da??v???n] n. 转移视线(或注意力)的事物

8.derail [d??re?l] vt. 使离开正常进程

9.barrel [?b?r?l] vi. 高速行驶;飞奔

10.blackout [?bl?ka?t] n. 暂时性失去知觉(或记忆力);暂时性眼前昏黑

11.tantrum [?t?ntr?m] n. (尤指孩子突然无理的)脾气发作

12.not get a word in edgewise: (因别人说话太多)插不上嘴

13.in the driver's seat: 处于统领地位;处于控制地位

14.heat [hi?t] n. <口>压力

15.exhilarating [?ɡ?z?l?re?t??] adj. 令人高兴的;使人兴奋的

16.adrenaline [??dren?l?n] n.【医】肾上腺素

17.deep-seated [?di?p?si?t?d] adj. 根深蒂固的;难以改变的

18.set ... up for ...: 使……处于某种位置;把……置于某种境地

19.flip side: (想法、论点或行动的)另一面,反面

20.brush off: <美口>对……不重视;对……充耳不闻

21.psych ... out: 使……在心理上感到不安(或恐惧)

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