英语高考中名词性从句的复习与解题策略
2014-07-18胡海光
胡海光
摘 要: 名词性从句是每年高考必考查的一个语法点,很多学生在做题时总是把名词性从句和其他语法知识混在一起。作者结合教学实践,谈谈如何学习和掌握名词性从句,以及名词性从句的解题策略,希望对复习迎考的师生有帮助。
关键词: 高考 名词性从句 复习 解题
语法是英语学习的基础,美国著名语言学家 Leonard Bloomfield教授曾说:不掌握语法,你对英语的学习将无法深入。名词性从句在每一年的高考单选题中都会出现,因此,在高考专项复习时,名词性从句是一个重点。
一、牢记从句概念,明白从句用途
一个从句在一个复合句子中充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语,相当于名词,称为名词性从句。它可以分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
主语从句如:
(2011北京22)What Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.
(2012全国24)It is by no means clear what the president can do to end the strike.(it形式主语)
宾语从句一般在及物动词和介词的后面,如:
(2012四川17)Scientists study how human brains work to make computers.
(2011上海38)The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of what others actually understand.
表语从句如:
(2011山东26)I am afraid hes more of a talker than a doer,which is why he never finishes anything.
同位语从句一般在一个名词后面,说明名词的具体内容,如:
(2012江苏27)The notice came around two in the afternoon that the meeting would be postponed.(同位语从句修饰notice)
二、掌握连接词用法,熟悉考试重点
连接词在各个名词性从句中的用法都是一样的,下面简单介绍:
What/whatever在名词性从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语,指物。
That在名词性从句中不作成分,从句句子结构完整,意思也完整。在主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中,that不可以省略;在宾语从句中,that可以省略,如果有两个并列的宾语从句,那么第一个宾语从句的that可以省略,第二个宾语从句的that不可以省略。
Who/whoever在名词性句子中作主语,有时候也用作宾语,指人。
Whom/whomever在名词性句子中只作宾语,指人。
Which/whichever在名词性从句中作主语、宾语、定语,既指人又指物,指在一定的范围内。
When表时间,where表地点,why表原因,how表方式。
Whether或if翻译为“是否”(区别:whether可以引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句,后面可以接to do或or not,引导的从句作介词的宾语)。
如:
Whoever comes first will receive a gift.(whoever引导主语从句,在从句中作主语)
It is certain that she will do well in her exam.(it形式主语,that引导主语从句)
The shocking news made me realize what terrible problems we would face.(what引导宾语从句,在从句中作定语)
He hasnt made it known when he is going to get married.(it形式宾语,when引导宾语从句,在从句中作时间状语)
He could not express what he felt.(what引导宾语从句,在从句中作宾语)
There is clear evidence that the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.(that引导同位语从句)
China is no longer what she used to be.(what引导表语从句,在从句中作表语)
As many as five courses are provided,and you are free to choose whichever suits you best.(whichever引导宾语从句,在从句中作主语)
三、分析句子成分,确保考试得分
下面我们来看十道典型例题,看看怎么做有关名词性从句的单选题目。
A.For losing B.Because of losing C.Lost D.That he lost
这道题很多学生觉得无从下手,其实这道题的解题关键就是问什么,答什么。What是对主语的提问,也就是说回答的是主语,也就是主语从句,所以答案选D。That引导主语从句,句子写完整就是:That he lost the game has made Tommy so upset.
只要我们牢记名词性从句的概念,掌握连接词的用法,懂得分析句子成分,就可以完全掌握名词性从句。
参考文献:
[1]张道真.张道真实用英语语法.北京:外语教学与研究出版社,2002,5.
[2]郭凤高.英语语法实践指南(第二版).上海:复旦大学出版社,2001,11.
[3]朱崇军.高中英语语法全解.上海:华东师范大学出版社,2012,2.endprint
摘 要: 名词性从句是每年高考必考查的一个语法点,很多学生在做题时总是把名词性从句和其他语法知识混在一起。作者结合教学实践,谈谈如何学习和掌握名词性从句,以及名词性从句的解题策略,希望对复习迎考的师生有帮助。
关键词: 高考 名词性从句 复习 解题
语法是英语学习的基础,美国著名语言学家 Leonard Bloomfield教授曾说:不掌握语法,你对英语的学习将无法深入。名词性从句在每一年的高考单选题中都会出现,因此,在高考专项复习时,名词性从句是一个重点。
一、牢记从句概念,明白从句用途
一个从句在一个复合句子中充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语,相当于名词,称为名词性从句。它可以分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
主语从句如:
(2011北京22)What Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.
(2012全国24)It is by no means clear what the president can do to end the strike.(it形式主语)
宾语从句一般在及物动词和介词的后面,如:
(2012四川17)Scientists study how human brains work to make computers.
(2011上海38)The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of what others actually understand.
表语从句如:
(2011山东26)I am afraid hes more of a talker than a doer,which is why he never finishes anything.
同位语从句一般在一个名词后面,说明名词的具体内容,如:
(2012江苏27)The notice came around two in the afternoon that the meeting would be postponed.(同位语从句修饰notice)
二、掌握连接词用法,熟悉考试重点
连接词在各个名词性从句中的用法都是一样的,下面简单介绍:
What/whatever在名词性从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语,指物。
That在名词性从句中不作成分,从句句子结构完整,意思也完整。在主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中,that不可以省略;在宾语从句中,that可以省略,如果有两个并列的宾语从句,那么第一个宾语从句的that可以省略,第二个宾语从句的that不可以省略。
Who/whoever在名词性句子中作主语,有时候也用作宾语,指人。
Whom/whomever在名词性句子中只作宾语,指人。
Which/whichever在名词性从句中作主语、宾语、定语,既指人又指物,指在一定的范围内。
When表时间,where表地点,why表原因,how表方式。
Whether或if翻译为“是否”(区别:whether可以引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句,后面可以接to do或or not,引导的从句作介词的宾语)。
如:
Whoever comes first will receive a gift.(whoever引导主语从句,在从句中作主语)
It is certain that she will do well in her exam.(it形式主语,that引导主语从句)
The shocking news made me realize what terrible problems we would face.(what引导宾语从句,在从句中作定语)
He hasnt made it known when he is going to get married.(it形式宾语,when引导宾语从句,在从句中作时间状语)
He could not express what he felt.(what引导宾语从句,在从句中作宾语)
There is clear evidence that the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.(that引导同位语从句)
China is no longer what she used to be.(what引导表语从句,在从句中作表语)
As many as five courses are provided,and you are free to choose whichever suits you best.(whichever引导宾语从句,在从句中作主语)
三、分析句子成分,确保考试得分
下面我们来看十道典型例题,看看怎么做有关名词性从句的单选题目。
A.For losing B.Because of losing C.Lost D.That he lost
这道题很多学生觉得无从下手,其实这道题的解题关键就是问什么,答什么。What是对主语的提问,也就是说回答的是主语,也就是主语从句,所以答案选D。That引导主语从句,句子写完整就是:That he lost the game has made Tommy so upset.
只要我们牢记名词性从句的概念,掌握连接词的用法,懂得分析句子成分,就可以完全掌握名词性从句。
参考文献:
[1]张道真.张道真实用英语语法.北京:外语教学与研究出版社,2002,5.
[2]郭凤高.英语语法实践指南(第二版).上海:复旦大学出版社,2001,11.
[3]朱崇军.高中英语语法全解.上海:华东师范大学出版社,2012,2.endprint
摘 要: 名词性从句是每年高考必考查的一个语法点,很多学生在做题时总是把名词性从句和其他语法知识混在一起。作者结合教学实践,谈谈如何学习和掌握名词性从句,以及名词性从句的解题策略,希望对复习迎考的师生有帮助。
关键词: 高考 名词性从句 复习 解题
语法是英语学习的基础,美国著名语言学家 Leonard Bloomfield教授曾说:不掌握语法,你对英语的学习将无法深入。名词性从句在每一年的高考单选题中都会出现,因此,在高考专项复习时,名词性从句是一个重点。
一、牢记从句概念,明白从句用途
一个从句在一个复合句子中充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语,相当于名词,称为名词性从句。它可以分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
主语从句如:
(2011北京22)What Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.
(2012全国24)It is by no means clear what the president can do to end the strike.(it形式主语)
宾语从句一般在及物动词和介词的后面,如:
(2012四川17)Scientists study how human brains work to make computers.
(2011上海38)The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of what others actually understand.
表语从句如:
(2011山东26)I am afraid hes more of a talker than a doer,which is why he never finishes anything.
同位语从句一般在一个名词后面,说明名词的具体内容,如:
(2012江苏27)The notice came around two in the afternoon that the meeting would be postponed.(同位语从句修饰notice)
二、掌握连接词用法,熟悉考试重点
连接词在各个名词性从句中的用法都是一样的,下面简单介绍:
What/whatever在名词性从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语,指物。
That在名词性从句中不作成分,从句句子结构完整,意思也完整。在主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中,that不可以省略;在宾语从句中,that可以省略,如果有两个并列的宾语从句,那么第一个宾语从句的that可以省略,第二个宾语从句的that不可以省略。
Who/whoever在名词性句子中作主语,有时候也用作宾语,指人。
Whom/whomever在名词性句子中只作宾语,指人。
Which/whichever在名词性从句中作主语、宾语、定语,既指人又指物,指在一定的范围内。
When表时间,where表地点,why表原因,how表方式。
Whether或if翻译为“是否”(区别:whether可以引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句,后面可以接to do或or not,引导的从句作介词的宾语)。
如:
Whoever comes first will receive a gift.(whoever引导主语从句,在从句中作主语)
It is certain that she will do well in her exam.(it形式主语,that引导主语从句)
The shocking news made me realize what terrible problems we would face.(what引导宾语从句,在从句中作定语)
He hasnt made it known when he is going to get married.(it形式宾语,when引导宾语从句,在从句中作时间状语)
He could not express what he felt.(what引导宾语从句,在从句中作宾语)
There is clear evidence that the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.(that引导同位语从句)
China is no longer what she used to be.(what引导表语从句,在从句中作表语)
As many as five courses are provided,and you are free to choose whichever suits you best.(whichever引导宾语从句,在从句中作主语)
三、分析句子成分,确保考试得分
下面我们来看十道典型例题,看看怎么做有关名词性从句的单选题目。
A.For losing B.Because of losing C.Lost D.That he lost
这道题很多学生觉得无从下手,其实这道题的解题关键就是问什么,答什么。What是对主语的提问,也就是说回答的是主语,也就是主语从句,所以答案选D。That引导主语从句,句子写完整就是:That he lost the game has made Tommy so upset.
只要我们牢记名词性从句的概念,掌握连接词的用法,懂得分析句子成分,就可以完全掌握名词性从句。
参考文献:
[1]张道真.张道真实用英语语法.北京:外语教学与研究出版社,2002,5.
[2]郭凤高.英语语法实践指南(第二版).上海:复旦大学出版社,2001,11.
[3]朱崇军.高中英语语法全解.上海:华东师范大学出版社,2012,2.endprint