Abstracts of Major Papers in This Issue

Some Problems in the Phonological Study of Chinese lntonation，by MA Qiuwu，p.6

The present paper makes analyses and discussions on some of the problems in the phonological study of Chinese intonation.Chinese language is a tone language，and its intonation is different from the intonation of the intonation－only language in that it results from multiple factors.All these factors including pitch variations must be taken into considerations in its phonological representations.It is obvious that AM theory，advanced mainly on the basis of the intonation－only language，has some limitations in the phonological analysis of Chinese intonation.

s of Major Papers in This Issue

Some Problems in the Phonological Study of Chinese lntonation，by MA Qiuwu，p.6

The present paper makes analyses and discussions on some of the problems in the phonological study of Chinese intonation.Chinese language is a tone language，and its intonation is different from the intonation of the intonation－only language in that it results from multiple factors.All these factors including pitch variations must be taken into considerations in its phonological representations.It is obvious that AM theory，advanced mainly on the basis of the intonation－only language，has some limitations in the phonological analysis of Chinese intonation.

A Corpus－Based lCM Perspective on the Concepts of Anger in English and Chinese，by YUAN Hongmei ＆WANG Shaohua，p.12

Based on the corpora of BNC and CCL，this paper conducted a comparative study on the conceptualization of the English and Chinese emotions of anger.It is discovered that：（1）English and Chinese share some highly conventionalized modes of conceptualization like“EVENT STRUCTURE，OPPONENT IN A STRUGGLE，FIRE，NATURAL FORCE and PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS”and modes with low conventionality such as“BURDEN and GORGE”；（2）the most widespread conceptual metaphors of anger in English and Chinese are“HOT FLUID IN A CONTAINER”and“GAS”respectively，and Chinese uses more terms of human organs（especially internal organs）to describe anger.Then，within the framework of ICM，the paper examined the cognitive motivation of the above similarities and differences from the perspectives of“event structure metaphor，conceptual metonymies and force schema of anger”and“Chinese and western cultural cognitive models latent in the emotion”.

A Study on Lexical Metaphors in English Business Texts：Based on Attitude System of Appraisal Theory，by SHAO Chun ＆LI Juan，p.20

Lexical metaphor is one of the most common phenomena in language，which is also a focus in academic exploration.This paper studies attitudinal function of lexical metaphors and its characteristics in business texts from the perspective of appraisal theory.By analyzing the texts from mainstream English newspapers and magazines，the study finds that compared with common words，lexical metaphor is an important appraisal device in such texts owing to its distinctive characteristics；it plays an irreplaceable important role in constructing interpersonal functions within texts.

A Comparative Study on Curricula for English Doctoral Education Programs in Mainland China，Hong Kong and Taiwan，by XUAN Jialu ＆WANG Xuemei，p.25

On the basis of the educational programs and coursework requirements for English linguistics－oriented doctoral students，this paper makes a comparative study on the curriculum development of 6universities in Mainland China，Hong Kong and Taiwan on a two－dimensional framework，namely course types and course contents.The respective strengths and weaknesses of each are presented through tables and statistical analyses.The study shows that universities in the mainland could adopt certain practices from universities in the two other regions so as to improve their quality of teaching and to develop English doctoral students’academic competence.Therefore，the co－authors propose some specific recommendations for the curriculum reform for English doctoral education in mainland universities.

lnternationalization，Localization and Globalization：On Course Design and Arrangement of English Major in China，by WANG Zhengsheng，p.31

A new perspective is provided for course design and arrangement of English major in China byexploring cultivation of international talents.The concepts of Internationalization，Localization and Globalization in computer science inspire us.To cultivate Global talents，we need to arrange internationalized courses including history，world civilization，moral cultivation and localized courses including knowledge of English and skills of doing aparticular job.English majors will have potential to work and live well all over the world with universal values.They also have the capacity to do well in a particular situation and place.Course design and arrangement in the light of Internationalization，Localization and Globalization values much for the reform of English major and urges English major to turn to English majors，thus realizing diversified development of English major in China.

lnformation Loss in C－E Simultaneous lnterpreting of Technical Conference：A Cognitive Perspective，by ZHONG Weihe ＆DENG Jie，p.40

Information loss is categorized as interpreting error in SI，but recent study shows that“saying it all”is hardly possible.In technical conferences，information loss is more frequently observed due to the increased complexity of cognitive processing.This case study analyzes SI transcription of professional conference interpreters，aiming to find out triggers and impacts of information loss，as well as interpreters’compensation strategies.

The Consistency and Derivation of Choice of Themes in C－E Consecutive lnterpretation，by ZHANG Jingyuan＆SHI Li，p.44

As the essential part of a clause，Theme and its choice in Chinese－English consecutive interpretation（CI）concern the quality and speed of interpreting.Based on Halliday’s theory of Theme and Rheme，this paper studies the similarities and differences between Chinese and English Themes，discusses the ways to maintain or change the Themes，and probes into the underlying reasons in this process.The findings of this research is believed to be useful in providing reliable methods and assessment for CI.

On the Writing American Early Literature，by QIAO Guoqiang，p.49

The present paper is mainly concerned with some difficult issues in writing American Early Literature，including the beginning of American literature，the division of historical periods of American literature history，the definitions of nature and connotation of American literature as well as the ways to deal with these issues.The author offers his understanding and ways of solution to the above－mentioned issues.

The Repetition and Difference between The Scarlet Letter and The Millstone，by HUANG Qingqing，p.55

Both The Scarlet Letter and The Millstone are classic literature works.Though comments on these two works home and abroad are countless，study with the juxtapostion of the two never occurs.This paper employs J.Hillis Miller’s Repetition Theory to juxtaposes The Scarlet Letter with The Millstone to analyse the female’s life in different historical periods.Hester in The Scarlet Letter is in effect the spokeswoman of male authority，while Rosamend in The Millstone painstakingly protests against the norms towards women set by the traditional society with the supremacy of male authority.Obviously，the former constructs a male－dominated society while the latter tries to reconstruct one free of restraint of male power through exploring the inevitable living perplexity of women seeking independence in modern society.

Discourse Functions of Pragmatic Presupposition in Kazuo lshiguro’s Never Let Me Go，by SU Kun ＆HUANG Ying，p.60

Presupposition is the implicit information or proposition embedded in a sentence or an utterance.As a pragmatic phenomenon，pragmatic presupposition contributes much to the weaving of a literary text.This paper，through analyzing Never Let Me Go，the masterpiece of Kazuo Ishiguro，examines the discourse functions in the literary text from the perspective of pragmatic presupposition.That is，pragmatic presupposition helps to build up the humorous or absurd effects，the economy of linguistic expression，the enhancement of persuasiveness，and the multiple symbolic meanings.The present study hopes to open up new dimensions in the research，while deepening the appreciation of the text.