合天地永固国之根本

合天地永固国之根本

Harmony of Heaven and Earth Permanently Consolidates the National Foundation

顺应自然Inharmonywithnature精耕细作Intensivecultivation生态文明Ecologicalcivilization

The basic principles of farming are to gain time,condition soil,optimize the combination of fertilizer and water supply,and timely plough and harvest.

——《齐民要术》

As to the methods of fertilizing the land,green manuring with mung bean is the best,the adzuki bean and the sesame take the second place.It is appropriate to interplant in May and June,to plough and manure in July and August.After sowing the millet seeds in the next year,10 dan crops per acre will be harvested.Such method of fertilizing is as good as the methods of using silkworm feces or the decomposed human feces and urine.

车踏

耘

堰

考古证据显示，作为人类历史上最早的农业发源地之一，远在数千年前新石器时代的中华神州大地上，生息其间的人们就已告别了茹毛饮血、刀耕火种，进入了安土重迁的锄耕农业阶段。自那时以来，中华民族“顺天时、量地利”，逐渐形成以精耕细作为主线的农业发展脉络。

Archaeological evidence shows that,as one of the cradles of agriculture in human history,in the Neolithic age thousands of years ago,people in the Divine Land of China had ended the era of eating birds and animals raw;and slash-and-burn cultivation and started the era of intensive cultivation.Since then,Chinese people gradually created the agriculture development mode of intensive cultivation in harmony with nature.

春秋《考工记》收录了农田沟洫和灌溉系统技术规范；战国《司马法》规定“六尺为步，步百为亩”，明确了土地基本计量单位；《尚书·禹贡》细分土地等级、土壤种类，是人类最古老的土壤分类标准；后魏《齐民要术》系统总结秦汉以来黄河流域农业科学技术，详细记载旱地农业精耕细作技术体系，成为我国传统农学臻于成熟的里程碑。

In the Spring and Autumn Period,Kaogongji included the technical specifications of farmland irrigation ditch and irrigation systems.During the Warring States Period,The Methods of Sima formulated the basic measuring unit of land,which stipulated 6 chi as one step and 100 steps as one acre.Book of Documents·Tribute of Great Yu, the earliest classification standard in human history,developed the classification standard of farmland levels and soil types.In the Northern Wei Dynasty,Qi Min Yao Shu,milestone of Chinese traditional agronomy,systematically summarized agricultural science and technology in the Yellow River Basin since the Qin and Han dynasties,and recorded the intensive cultivation technology system of dry land.

先贤们精益求精的不懈追求，持续深化了农时历法、铁制农具、轮作复种、水利灌溉和水陆综合利用等诸多精耕细作内涵。源远流长的农业发展打上了鲜明的精细化、标准化技术烙印，中华农业技术基础愈加坚实，中华文明辉煌生生不息……

The ancestors'constant pursuit of excellence intensified the theory of intensive cultivation including farming calendar,iron tools,rotation cropping, irrigation and comprehensive utilization of land and water.The long history of agricultural development has been marked by refinement and standardization,during which the technical basis of Chinese agriculture became more and more solid,and the brilliant achievements of Chinese civilization continued endlessly.

抚今追昔，基于对天、地、人和谐统一的千年体悟，在世界粮食安全日益面临人口、环境与资源挑战的今天，我们有理由确信，坚持人与自然全面和谐共处、协调发展思想，准确把握并深化演绎中国农业发展的标准化内涵，必将促进中国现代农业实现跨越式发展，开创属于中华民族的生态文明新时代！

Looking back to the history,based on the theory of the harmony and unity among heaven,earth and human being,faced with challenge of global food security;population;environment and resources,We have reasons to believe that persistence in the idea of harmonious coexistence and coordinated development between human and nature;full understanding and implementing the concepts of standardization of Chinese agriculture development will achieve great-leap-forward development in Chinese agriculture and create a new era of ecological civilization of the Chinese nation！

（支持单位：上海市标准化研究院 整理：杨超 叶笑欣）

敦煌壁画“挤奶图”（唐代）

敦煌壁画“雨中耕作图”（唐代）

敦煌壁画“农作图”（唐代）