Fan Jinshi—The Daughter of Dunhuang樊锦诗

朱广春

2023 年7 月10 日，為褒扬她为中国石窟考古与保护做出的杰出贡献，国际天文学联合会小行星命名委员会批准将编号为381323 号的小行星以她的名字来命名；她是“感动中国2019 年度人物”；她是中国“文物保护杰出贡献者”国家荣誉称号获得者；她就是敦煌研究院名誉院长，“敦煌的女儿”——樊锦诗 。

Fan Jinshi was born in Beijing in July 1938 and grew up inShanghai. In the summer of 1963， after graduating from Archaeologyin the Department of History at Peking University， she 1）resolutelywent to Dunhuang.

Between 1985 and 1986， Fan Jinshi was responsible for writingthe 2）application materials to 3）recommend the Mogao Grottoes asWorld Cultural Heritage status. Thanks to her and her colleagues’efforts， the Mogao Grottoes became one of China’s first World CulturalHeritage list sites in 1987， and gradually became a global modelfor the protection and utilization of cultural heritage. 4）Initiated anddirectly participated in by Fan Jinshi， Regulations on the Protectionof the Mogao Grottoes of Dunhuang in Gansu was promulgated andimplemented in 2003， which for the first time included the 5）overallprotection and management of cultural heritage in the government’slegal governance system. Dunhuang Academy also collaborated withthree domestic and foreign institutions to develop Master Plan for theProtection of the Mogao Grottoes of Dunhuang.

With the progress of the Western Developmentand the prosperity of the tourism industry， anunprecedented number of tourists has soaredat the Mogao Grottoes of Dunhuang. How cansuch precious and 6）fragile art “live” longer？ Atthe age of 65， Fan Jinshi came up with a boldidea to establish a digital archive for each cave，each mural， and each painted sculpture， and to use digital technology to make the Mogao Grottoes “eternallybeautiful”. Thus， the use of modern digital technology to showcasethe historical and cultural background and 7）exquisite cave art ofthe Mogao Grottoes was put on the agenda. In April 2016， “DigitalDunhuang” was successfully launched， and high-definition digitalcontent of 30 classic caves and 45，000 square meters of muralswas released to the world. Tourists only need to click the mouseto have a complete view. From then on， Dunhuang culture and artalong the Belt and Road truly stepped out of the caves and intothe world.

As a grotto archaeologist， Fan Jinshi’s record-basedarchaeological report， The Complete Collection of the Grottoesof Dunhuang， which she 8）presided over in 2011， is hailed as thefirst scientific and academic report on grotto archaeology in China.After retiring， Fan Jinshi still spends more than half of each year inDunhuang. It took her over 10 years to finish compiling the secondvolume of The Complete Collection of the Grottoes of Dunhuang，which contains over 300，000 words.

With the seasons changing for 60 years， Fan Jinshi walkedthrough the 735 caves of varying sizes in the Mogao Grottoes，experiencing every mural and painted sculpture.

On May 4th of 2023， which was the 125th anniversary ofPeking University， Fan Jinshi returned to the university anddonated 10 million yuan to establish the Fan Jinshi EducationFund to support Dunhuang studies there. On July 10th， Fan Jinshidonated 10 million yuan to establish the Fan Jinshi Fund， whichwill be used to promote the protection， research， and developmentof Dunhuang grottoes， as well as the training of urgently-neededtalents.

Choose one thing， and devote all her life to it. “I have aninseparable bond with Dunhuang， and my life is destined to belongto Dunhuang.” “Although I am over 80 years old， as long as I amalive， I will continue to make my own contribution to the prosperityand flourishing of Chinese culture， and the great rejuvenation ofthe Chinese nation without sparing any effort，” said Fan Jinshi.

Salute to Fan Jinshi！ Learn from “the daughter of Dunhuang”who perseveres and works hard for her dream！

1） resolutely adv. 坚决地

2） application n. 申请

3） recommend v. 推荐

4） initiate v. 发起

5） overall adj. 整体的

6） fragile adj. 脆弱的

7） exquisite adj. 精美的

8） preside v. 主持

樊锦诗1938 年7 月生于北京，长在上海。1963 年夏天，樊锦诗从北京大学历史系考古专业毕业后，毅然奔赴敦煌。

1985 年至1986 年，莫高窟申报世界文化遗产，樊锦诗负责撰写申报材料。在她和同事的努力下，1987 年莫高窟成为中国首批列入《世界文化遗产名录》的遗产地，并逐渐成为世界文化遗产保护和利用的全球典范。在樊锦诗的发起和直接参与下，《甘肃敦煌莫高窟保护条例》于2003 年颁布实施，首次将文化遗产整体保护管理纳入政府法制治理体系，敦煌研究院还联合国内外3 家机构编制了《敦煌莫高窟保护总体规划》。

隨着西部大开发的进展与旅游业的繁荣，敦煌莫高窟吸引了前所未有的众多游客。这么珍贵而脆弱的艺术如何才能“活”得更久？时年65 岁的樊锦诗产生了一个大胆的构想，要为每一个洞窟、每一幅壁画、每一尊彩塑建立数字档案，利用数字技术让莫高窟“容颜永驻”。于是，利用现代数字技术展示莫高窟历史文化背景和精美洞窟艺术的构想提上议程。2016 年4 月，“数字敦煌”成功上线，30 个经典洞窟、4.5 万平方米壁画的高清数字化内容向全球发布，游客只需轻点鼠标，即能一览无余。从此，“一带一路”上的敦煌文化与艺术真正走出洞窟，走向世界。

作为一名石窟考古学家，2011 年樊锦诗主持编写了记录性考古报告《敦煌石窟全集》，它被誉为国内第一本具有科学性和学术性的石窟考古报告。退休后，樊锦诗每年仍有一半时间留在敦煌，历时10 余年编写完30 多万字的《敦煌石窟全集》第二卷。

60 载春秋冬夏，樊锦诗走遍莫高窟大大小小735 个洞窟，看遍了每一幅壁画、每一尊彩塑。

2023 年5 月4 日，北京大学125 周年校庆日，樊锦诗回到北大，捐款1000 万元人民币，设立樊锦诗教育基金，用以支持北大的敦煌研究。7 月10 日，樊锦诗捐赠1000 万元人民币，设立樊锦诗基金，用于推动敦煌石窟保护、研究、弘扬事业发展以及急需人才的培养。

择一事，终一生。“我和敦煌有割不掉的缘分，我这一生注定属于敦煌。”“我虽然年过八十，但只要我一息尚存，仍将继续为中华文化的繁荣兴盛，为中华民族的伟大复兴尽心竭力，做出自己的贡献。”樊锦诗说。

致敬樊锦诗！向为梦想而坚守努力的“敦煌的女儿”学习！