Unit 3 War and peace

2023-09-14

时代英语·高二 2023年5期

Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas

基础训练

单词拼写?根据首字母或汉语提示，用本部分所学单词的正确形式填空。

1.The book is set in the future at a time when the world is experiencing a long and v____war with another planet.

2.Having a personal goal is like having a compass on board a ship. It points you in the direction towards the achievement of your goals and o____.

3.How time flies! When I r____the old days, my memories come flooding back.

4.Jims spoken English is so poor that we can b____understand what he means.

5.A ____(紀念的) garden was to be created for the heroes in the City Park.

6.The motive of this organization is to put an end to ____(暴力).

7.The company is an ____(杰出的) example of a small business that grew into a big one.

8.As we know, this famous commander played an important role in ____(解放) the city.

选择填空?用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。

(have confidence in?free from?nothing less than?make it?be made up of)

1.Dont you think his survival in the earthquake was ____a miracle?

2.Society ____a variety of people; some are good, others are bad, and still others are in between.

3.His motive is to have these poor wild animals ____being hunted.

4.The little boy ____solving this problem by trial and error.

5.At dawn, the troops ____to the beach and took over the battle field.

课文语法填空

Code-named “Operation Overlord”, it was the___1___ (large) combined sea, air and land operation in history, with the aim___2___ (free) north-west Europe from German occupation. After waiting for the perfect___3___ (combine) of weather, moon and tides, the date for the start of Operation Overlord___4___ (set) for 6 June. With the commanders order___5___ (ring) in their ears, Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D-Day. At dawn on 6 June, thousands landed by parachute___6___ enemy lines in northern France. Meanwhile, thousands more were journeying across the English Channel to Normandy,___7___ (protect) by fighter planes in the skies above them. The fiercest fighting was at Omaha Beach. Boats were hit and men drowned, while those___8___ did make it to the beach faced heavy machine gunfire. But, despite the high cost in human life, the D-Day landings were___9___ success and were seen___10___ (wide) as the beginning of the end of the Second World War.

1. ____ 2. ____ 3. ____ 4. ____ 5. ____

6. ____ 7. ____ 8. ____ 9. ____ 10. ____

能力提升

閱读理解

Sir Nicholas Winton was a British man who went to heroic efforts, potentially putting himself at risk, during World WarⅡ. Sir Winton was responsible for ensuring the safety of 669 Jewish children by aiding their escape from countries occupied by the Nazis. Finally, the Jewish children were brought to England where he worked to make sure families in his native country would help the kids by taking them into their homes.

This unbelievable story has been making the rounds again on the Internet, particularly after a rerun of the BBC show called Thats Life, which featured Sir Winton. People around the world were moved at the details of the story.

Sir Winton kept his entire plan completely secret. Even his wife had no idea about his plan until fifty years later. After the war, years passed and many people remained in the dark about Sir Wintons extraordinary achievement. Some fifty years later, his wife Greta was searching in their house and discovered a Wintons notebook which documented the names of all the children. She worked with BBC and they produced a TV episode of their program Thats Life that served as an honor for Sir Wintons work.

In 2003, Sir Winton was knighted by the Queen of England for his work. He also was even nominated for a Nobel Peace Prize. He also had a small planet named after him by Czech astronomers. Sir Winton died peacefully in his sleep at the age of one hundred and six, in 2015. Leaders around the world paid tribute (悼念). Israels former ambassador to the United Kingdom, Daniel Taub, said, “He was a hero of our time, having saved 669 Jewish children from the Nazis. His story, as a point of light in a period of darkness, will forever be remembered.”

1. What can we learn about the Jewish children?

A. They were killed by the Nazis. B. They returned to their own homes.

C. They escaped to their native countries. D. They were raised by English families.

2. What made Wintons story spread widely?

A. Peoples chatting online. B. The program Thats Life.

C. His wifes promotion. D. Praises from some leaders.

3. The underlined part “remained in the dark” in Paragraph 3 probably means “___”.

A. felt doubtful B. remained moved

C. knew nothing D. criticized something

4. What can we learn about Winton?

A. He was born in 1909. B. The Nazis tried to catch him.

C. He named a small planet. D. Many children paid tribute to him.

阅读七选五

It is necessary to be reasonable and flexible enough to avoid conflicts as much as possible and live in peace with others.___1___ If you have done all your best to avoid conflicts and you are still arguing, then read these effective tips on how to avoid conflicts.

Dont get in the center of the conflict.

Sometimes people can get in the center of conflict due to their enthusiasm for offering help. Frankly speaking, it is very unwise, because it can make you the main figure of the conflict.

___2___ You should focus on your own life issues.

Be kind.

___3___ Life is full of conflicts and disagreements, and thats why you should find more conservative ways of dealing with them. For example, kindness can lessen the conflict.

Try to be a peacekeeper.

Peacekeepers tend to cooperate with people without bad emotions which usually lead to arguments and even conflicts. “___4___” This saying is the life motto of a natural-born peacekeeper. Dont worry if you are not a natural-born peacekeeper; you can gain this skill during life.

Walk off.

When the conflict is gathering pace and you cant manage to control yourself, you should choose to handle the situation in another way. By all means, try to keep yourself away from stress.___5___ You should get away from the situation for a while.

A. The greatest victory is a battle not fought.

B. Conflicts are unavoidable, so try to accept them.

C. Weak people usually desire others to offer help and support.

D. Let other people solve their problems without your presence.

E. It is helpful to put some distance between yourself and the opponent.

F. When someone pushes you to the limit, try to act kindly toward this person.

G. Arguing can either break your friendship or affect your relationship to some degree.

1. ____ 2. ____ 3. ____ 4. ____ 5. ____

Section Ⅱ Using language

單句语法填空?在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

1.Trade ____(friction) between the two countries have been caused by trade protectionists.

2.Finding her parents lying ____(die) in the earthquake, the little girl was shocked with tears.

3.The argument was settled and they hoped the agreement would bring peace and ____(stable) to that region.

4.He expected that the experiment would be ____success.

5.The use of nuclear ____(weapon) is a great disaster to mankind and they must be limited for peace.

6.The man will never forget the day when his hometown ____(liberate).

7.Security forces have been put ____standby in case of violence.

8.The city suffered heavy damage during the Second World War after ____(bomb) by Britains Royal Air Force.

9.You are the next one ____(receive) the physical examination.

10.I can recall ____(get) many gifts from my grandparents on my birthdays and many other occasions.

单元语法填空?阅读下面短文，根据上下文语境，结合本单元所学语法知识完成短文。

The wounded___1___ (be) reading The Arabian Nights with glasses, which is a very interesting storybook. Just then, a herd of cattle (牛) came from the distance, with furniture on their backs, which

___2___ (be) worth 30,000 dollars. This means of transportation___3___ (be) the most convenient one here, because more than 80 percent of the land___4___ (cover) with grass. Cattle___5___ (be) common here.

1. ____ 2. ____ 3. ____ 4. ____ 5. ____

完成句子?根据汉语提示，结合本单元所学语法知识完成句子。

1. 所有的设备都已经被搬到了另一个房间里。

All the equipment _________ another room.

2. 当事故发生时，许多学生在现场。

Many a student _________ when the accident happened.

3. 知道這个秘密的人数很有限。

The number of the people who know the secret _________.

4. 在踢足球方面，我们班胜过我们学校的任何一个班。

Our class _________ at playing football in our school.

5. 到目前为止，学生和老师都没来。

Not only the students but also the teacher _________.

完形填空

Alia Baker is a librarian in Iraq. Her library used to be a___1___ place for all who loved books and liked to share knowledge. They___2___ various matters all over the world. When the war was near, Alia was___3___ that the fires of war would destroy the books, which are more___4___ to her than mountains of gold. The books are in every language—new books, ancient books,___5___ a book on the history of Iraq that is seven hundred years old.

She had asked the government for___6___ to move the books to a___7___ place, but they refused. So Alia took matters into her own hands.___8___, she brought books home every night,___9___ her car late after work. Her friends came to___10___ her when the war broke out. Anis who owned a restaurant___11___ to hide some books. All through the___12___, Alia, Anis, his brothers and neighbors took the books from the library,___13___ them over the seven-foot wall and___14___ them in the restaurant. The books stayed hidden as the war___15___. Then nine days later, a fire burned the___16___ to the ground.

One day, the bombing stopped and the___17___ left. But the war was not over yet. Alia knew that if the books were to be safe, they must be___18___ again while the city was___19___. So she hired a truck to bring all the books to the houses of friends in the suburbs. Now Alia waited for the war to end and___20___ peace and a new library.

1. A. meeting B. working C. personal D. magical

2. A. raised B. handled C. reported D. discussed

3. A. worried B. angry C. doubtful D. curious

4. A. practical B. precious C. reliable D. expensive

5. A. then B. still C. even D. rather

6. A. permission B. confirmation C. explanation D. information

7. A. large B. public C. distant D. safe

8. A. Fortunately B. Surprisingly C. Seriously D. Secretly

9. A. starting B. parking C. filling D. testing

10. A. stop B. help C. warn D. rescue

11. A. intended B. pretended C. happened D. agreed

12. A. war B. night C. building D. way

13. A. put B. opened C. passed D. threw

14. A. hid B. exchanged C. burnt D. distributed

15. A. approached B. erupted C. continued D. ended

16. A. restaurant B. library C. city D. wall

17. A. neighbors B. soldiers C. friends D. customers

18. A. sold B. read C. saved D. moved

19. A. occupied B. bombed C. quiet D. busy

20. A. dreamed of B. believed in C. cared about D. looked for

語法填空

African American doctor Charles Richard Drew earned the title “Father of the Blood Bank” for his outstanding role___1___ directing Americas first large-scale blood banking program during the early years of World War Ⅱ. He was born in 1904. After graduating from university, Drew went to Montreal General Hospital___2___ he worked with Doctor Beattie. Doctor Beattie___3___ (research) into blood transfusions (输血) then and Drew became very___4___ (interest) in the work. He realized that it was very important___5___ (find) a way of storing blood so that it could be used___6___ (immediate) when needed. Later, Drew developed___7___ technique for the long-term___8___ (preserve) of blood plasma (血浆).

Drews discovery saved many___9___ (life) during World War Ⅱ. And his insistence on ignoring the racial (种族的) background of donors and transfusion receivers meant that non-white soldiers no longer bled to death while___10___ (wait) for a same-race donor to contribute blood. He died in 1950 after a car accident.

1. ____ 2. ____ 3. ____ 4. ____ 5. ____

6. ____ 7. ____ 8. ____ 9. ____ 10. ____

Section Ⅲ Developing ideas

基礎训练

单词填空?用所给词的适当形式填空。

1.Last night we had a discussion, which became more and more ____. Finally we reached an agreement that we will never use ____whatever happens. (violent)

2.To her ____, she saw a boy fall from the stairs. The ____scene often wakes her up ____. (horrible)

3.The city ____by the advancing army, but many soldiers died for the ____. (liberate)

4.It is important to keep the ____development of economy and the ____of it can ensure that all the people share the fruits of the development. (stability)

5.One of the ____gave a speech at the ceremony, ____the company. (represent)

6.A ____service is being held for the soldiers in ____of their contributions to the independence of our country. (memory)

单句表达?根据括号内提示翻译句子。

1. 上周我和一些老同学见了个面。（meet up with）

2. 他走遍世界，收集有关这种疾病的资料。（不定式短语作状语）

3. 许多房屋在这次地震中被摧毁。（a great many）

4. 看到周围有这么多的陌生面孔，婴儿开始哭了起来。（“with + 名词 + 介词短语”作状语）

5. 有人告诉我Jack学习很认真，难怪他门门学科表现突出。（It is no wonder that…）

提示写作

选用所给词汇或句型造句并组成一段连贯的短文（80词左右）。

（recall?liberate?be occupied by?break through?play a role in

It is obvious that…?Thats how…?Only when…）

_____________________________________________________

阅读理解

Brave Heart is a historical film released in 1995. It was directed by and starred Mel Gibson and was loosely based on the story of 13th-century Scottish leader William Wallace. The movie was a surprise winner of the Academy Award for Best Picture.

After William Wallaces father and brother are killed in the battle against the English, Wallace is sent to continental Europe to be educated. He returns to Scotland as an adult (played by Gibson) and marries his childhood sweetheart, Murron. When English soldiers try to hurt Murron, Wallace saves her but the soldiers make a second attempt and she is caught and killed. Wallace then leads his family to fight the English troops. He continues to fight to force the English to leave Scotland, gaining increasing numbers of followers as stories of his brave acts spread. English King Edward Ⅰ sends Princess Isabella, his sons wife, to negotiate with Wallace for peace, but she is charmed by him and becomes his supporter. She warns Wallace of an upcoming attack from the English.

Wallace seeks the support of the Scottish nobles in the fight against the English, but the nobles are hesitating. Robert the Bruce is particularly torn. The Scottish fighters are defeated by an army led by King Edward I in the Battle of Falkirk. Wallace tries to kill Edward I himself but is stopped by a soldier, who proves to be Robert the Bruce. Robert then saves Wallace from being caught by the English. Later Wallace agrees to meet with Robert in Edinburgh, but Roberts father and other nobles set a trap and catch Wallace. They hand over Wallace to the English. Wallace refuses to give in and before being killed, he courageously cries out, “Freedom!”

The movie was inspired by a lengthy poem about William Wallace by Blind Harry. It led to an increase of interest in Scottish history, although it contained numerous historical inaccuracies.

1. What can we learn about the film from Paragraph 1?

A. It was made by a Scottish leader. B. It is a true story about Mel Gibson.

C. It is about a war breaking out in 1995. D. It was adapted from a historical story.

2. Why does Wallace fight against the English?

A. The English troops land in Scotland. B. He fails to negotiate with Princess Isabella.

C. His wife is killed by the English soldiers. D. His father and brother are caught in the battle.

3. What happens to Wallace in the end?

A. He gives in to the English King. B. He drives the English out of Scotland.

C. He dies for Scotlands independence. D. He becomes the leader of the Scottish nobles.

4. What is the text mainly about?

A. A war movie. B. A Scottish historical hero.

C. A famous battle in history. D. The independence of Scotland.

A famous Anglican Church stands in a quiet corner of Dunedin in New Zealands South Island. Built in 1865, it is the citys oldest church still in use. Countless couples have gathered here to marry. Its where morning tears are shared, friendships formed and comfort given during times of loss.

As with many churches, its walls are graced with a collection of beautiful stained-glass windows. Known as the “John Allen window”, one window portrays the short life of a local man, John Allen, who died in 1915 in the Gallipoli campaign in Turkey.

John was the son of Sir James Allen, who as Minister of Defense, helped plan and administer New Zealands World War I strategy, which saw 100,000 troops sent to fight. With the war over and his son dead, Sir James chose to install a window in the church, with which the Allen family had strong ties.

Divided into two parts, one depicts St. George, the patron saint (守護神) of soldiers, while the other has an angel of peace, along with the words at the bottom, “John Hugh Allen, Gallipoli, 6th June, 1915”. Two trees with local birds on the branches can be seen and a kiwi walks at the bottom—reminders that John was a lover of birds.

“There are many war memorials in the church,” says the church. “However the ‘John Allen window stands out; it touches people because of the beautiful design, the New Zealand birds and because Johns story, of a life so full of promise ending tragically in the war, reflects the lives and stories of so many others involved in World War I.”

5. What does the underlined word “portrays” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?

A. Starts. B. Changes. C. Treasures. D. Represents.

6. Why did Sir James Allen build the “John Allen window”?

A. To remember his sons death. B. To honor the troops in the Gallipoli campaign.

C. To celebrate the end of World War I. D. To show the familys close ties with the church.

7. What might be the main theme of the pictures on the window?

A. Freedom and equality. B. Peace and war.

C. Human and nature. D. Marriage and family.

8. What can be the best title for the text?

A. A Brave Soldier B. Window on a Life C. Cruelty of the War D. A Grand Church

能力提升

完形填空

Eddie Rickenbacker was a famous hero back in World War II. On one of his___1___ missions across the Pacific, he and his seven-member crew went down.___2___, all of the men survived. They came out of the plane and climbed into a small___3___. Eddie and his crew___4___ for days on the waters of the Pacific. They fought the sun. They fought sharks. Most of all, they fought___5___. On the eighth day, there was no food or water left. They were hundreds of miles from___6___ and at that time, sadly, no one___7___ where they were.

That afternoon they prayed for a miracle. Without a miracle, they would all___8___ there. Then they tried to have a short___9___. Eddie leaned back and pulled his cap over his eyes. Time stopped. All he could___10___ was the slap of the waves against the lifeboat. Suddenly, Eddie___11___ something land on the top of his cap. It was a seagull! Eddie then sat perfectly still,___12___ his next move. Quickly, he managed to grab it and___13___ its neck. He tore the feathers off, and he and his crew made a meal—a very___14___ meal for eight men. Then they used some meat as bait. With it, they caught___15___ which gave them food and more bait, and the cycle___16___.

After 24 days at sea, they were finally___17___ and saved. Eddie Rickenbacker never___18___ the sacrifice of that lifesaving seagull. And he didnt___19___ saying “Thank you”. Thats why almost every Friday night he would throw a bucket of shrimp into the sea with a(n)___20___ full of gratitude (感激).

1. A. escaping B. training C. flying D. running

2. A. Naturally B. Luckily C. Obviously D. Gradually

3. A. truck B. tree C. lifeboat D. tent

4. A. wandered B. disappeared C. froze D. floated

5. A. hunger B. danger C. fear D. loss

6. A. rivers B. land C. forests D. air

7. A. remembered B. predicted C. asked D. knew

8. A. settle B. struggle C. die D. stay

9. A. talk B. rest C. discussion D. argument

10. A. hear B. see C. dream D. imagine

11. A. let B. watched C. felt D. helped

12. A. understanding B. realizing C. describing D. planning

13. A. held B. broke C. touched D. kissed

14. A. healthy B. small C. common D. tasty

15. A. fish B. birds C. beasts D. insects

16. A. got out B. turned up C. set off D. went on

17. A. removed B. found C. protected D. treated

18. A. expected B. explained C. forgot D. doubted

19. A. advise B. avoid C. consider D. stop

20. A. heart B. mind C. hand D. idea

Writing

話题表达指导

话题介绍

话题：人物传记。要求学生描写一位战斗英雄的生平事迹并对战斗英雄进行评价。

建议体裁：记叙文。

注意事项：人物传记一般分为三大部分，即生平介绍、事迹叙述和对人物的评论。注意选材要有重点，不必面面俱到；对人物的评论要客观公正。另见下表：

题例导学

题目

假定你是李华。你校英文报正在开展以“向英雄人物学习”为主题的征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，介绍抗日女英雄赵一曼。内容包括：

1. 1905年生于四川省，1926年加入中国共产党；

2. 1935年成为东北抗日联军的领导人之一；

3. 1935年11月被俘，1936年8月被杀害；

4. 她的英雄形象激励着中华儿女……

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：抗日女英雄 anti-Japanese heroine

思路引导1?要点分析

1. 人物的基本信息（可涉及出生时间或地点及其他背景信息）；

2. 人物的抗日英雄事迹（通常按时间顺序）；

3. 对人物的简单评价。

思路引导2?本单元语言知识运用

根据汉语意思及提示翻译句子。

1.1935年，赵一曼成为东北抗日联军的领导人之一，同日本侵略者进行了游击战争。（fight against, a guerrilla war）

2. 1935年11月，为了保护战友，赵一曼被俘。（动词不定式短语作状语）

3. 她没有向敌人透露任何信息，从不屈服。（give in）

4. 赵一曼同志为民族解放献出了自己最宝贵的生命。（give ones life for）

5.她的英雄形象和光辉业绩永远激励着中华儿女坚韧不拔、开拓前进。（inspire… to…，forge ahead）

思路引导3?连句成篇

——————————————————————————————

范例展示

Zhao Yiman, an anti-Japanese heroine, was born in Sichuan Province in 1905. She joined the Communist Party of China (CPC) in 1926. In 1935, Zhao Yiman became one of the leaders of the North-east Anti-Japanese United Army, fighting a guerrilla war against the Japanese invaders.

In November 1935, Zhao Yiman was captured to protect her comrades. In prison, the Japanese used all kinds of cruel tortures, but she told the enemy nothing and never gave in. Zhao Yiman was killed in August 1936.

Comrade Zhao Yiman gave her most precious life for national liberation. Her heroic image and brilliant achievements always inspire the Chinese people to persevere and forge ahead.

話题表达

假定你是李华。你校英文报“Great War Heroes”栏目正在征文。请用英语写一篇征文，讲述一位英雄。内容包括：

1. 人物简介；

2. 主要经历或事迹；

3. 获得的荣誉。

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Section Ⅳ Presenting ideas

核心短语与句型回顾

短语

1. ____为……做准备