Unit 4 A glimpse of the future

2023-09-14

时代英语·高二 2023年5期

关键词：段落状语短文

Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas

基础训练

单词拼写?根据首字母或汉语提示，用本部分所学单词的正确形式填空。

1.As we all know, he has a great c____for learning languages.

2.It is i____to burst into others rooms without asking for their permission.

3.Shes p____our best player, but she needs to practice much harder.

4.We should develop the students ability to a____and solve problems.

5.It is____(違法的) to sell this kind of product to the customers.

6.Frightened____(受害者) can rarely make correct identification.

7.The treatment does not involve the use of any____(人工的) drugs.

8.Shop____(助理) should try their best to give the customers satisfaction.

选择填空?用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。

（happen to?agree on?be susceptible to?lie in?hang out）

1. Lisas fault might ____her style of presenting the information.

2. Some of these plants ____frost damage.

3. I used ____in supermarkets with my family.

4. If you ____be going to the post office, please get me some stamps.

5. They failed ____a time for Fridays meeting.

课文语法填空

According to Millenniumbutterfly, thanks to AI, he has got his own super-smart personal assistant___1___ (build) into his phone. And speaking___2___ hanging out, hes hoping that self-driving cars are available soon. He does think that developments in AI will on the whole make doing day-to-day things a lot___3___ (easy).

In Popkids opinion, the technology were using today is a basic form of AI which cant think ___4___ (independent) without programming. Of course, it could be very useful to have a more advanced form of AI—a truly independent form of artificial intelligence, capable of exercising its own___5___ (judge). But there are many risks. Nearly every job is potentially at risk in___6___ long run. The truth is___7___ none of us is prepared for the challenges of AI.

As far as Pink_haze is concerned, machine learning is something we have come to accept as a part of our modern world. But while super-intelligent AI could be the biggest leap forward in human history, if it___8___ (go) wrong or falls into the wrong___9___ (hand), it could also be the most dangerous. However, AI is not going to go away. We have no choice but___10___ (embrace) it and regulate it.

1. ____ 2. ____ 3. ____ 4. ____ 5. ____

6. ____ 7. ____ 8. ____ 9. ____ 10. ____

能力提升

閱读理解

Over the years, the robots have carried out a large number of human tasks, including building products and providing care for the elderly. However, the robots currently being used by companies, like Walmart and Amazon, are only able to perform single, repetitive tasks, such as stacking boxes.

Model-T, on the other hand, has a wider range of movement and is able to hold, pick and place objects of several different shapes and sizes into different locations, making it ideal for convenience and grocery stores, which sell a large variety of items. Model-T robots are operated from a distant location by human “pilots” wearing a virtual reality (VR) headset and special gloves, which allow them to feel the product the robot is holding in their hands and guide it to the right shelf.

The VR-controlled robots are ten times cheaper than automated robots, because they dont require advanced programming and are easier to develop and regulate. And their easy-to-use controls require little training. Tomohiro Kano, a manager in charge of development at FamilyMart, believes this will enable the chain to recruit (招募) workers who would typically not work in stores.

Though Model-T appears to be getting through the experiments rapidly, it is not quite ready to enter the workforce. Besides being a lot slower than humans, it is also only able to lift packaged items, and cannot get hold of things such as fruit and vegetables. The company is working to improve the weaknesses and hopes to introduce a faster, more skillful Model-T within the next two years. They believe that in addition to the stores, the robots could also be useful in hospitals, allowing doctors to do operations from remote locations.

1. What is the feature of Model-T according to Paragraph 2?

A. It is hard to produce. B. It can easily hold all objects.

C. It works much faster than humans. D. It can be operated from a distance.

2. What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A. The low price. B. The easiness to operate.

C. The low-level programming. D. The strict training.

3. What can we infer about Model-T from the last paragraph?

A. It is now being massively produced. B. It will reduce the workforce.

C. Its weaknesses have been overcome. D. It may be used in wider fields in the future.

4. In which section of a website can we read this text?

A. Technology. B. Economy. C. Lifestyle. D. Environment.

閱读七选五

The jobs of the future have not yet been invented.___1___ By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.

1. Curiosity

Your children need to be deeply curious.___2___ Ask kids, “What ingredients (配料) can we add to make these pancakes even better next time?” and then try them out. Did those ingredients make the pancakes better? What could we try next time?

2. Creativity

True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new.___3___ There are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity.

3. Interpersonal skills

Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know whats going on inside our own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps prevent kids from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions.___4___ “Why do you think shes crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?” “If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?”

4. Self expression

___5___ There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas—music, acting, drawing, building, photography, etc. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.

A. Encourage kids to cook with you.

B. And we cant forget science education.

C. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs?

D. We can give kids chances to think in new ways.

E. We can ask questions about characters in stories.

F. It is a good activity to help kids develop the skill.

G. Communicating ideas in a meaningful way is a skill.

1.____2.____3.____4.____5.____

Section Ⅱ Using language

基础训练

单句语法填空?在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

1.A great many college students____(be) sent to a poor area to help the children there last week.

2.He looks healthier in contrast____his former self.

3.People provide food and clothes____the sufferers.

4.The researchers said some adults____(assess) as having learning difficulties.

5.Linda____(cite) a saying in her writing in the exam last week.

6.Jackson is a lawyer who has many famous____(client).

7.I always keep my cell phone____my reach in order to answer it quickly.

8.So long as we hold fast to our ideals, we are bound____(achieve) success.

單元语法填空?阅读下面短文，根据上下文语境，结合本单元所学语法知识完成短文。

Our school library, along with many other buildings, is very different from other schools. There___1___ (be) two computer rooms, three art rooms, a meeting room and a reading room in the library building. The number of the books___2___ (be) large, and it is said that all the books cost our school 200,000 dollars. Maybe 200,000 dollars___3___ (be) large to every student. The number of the students who___4___ (have) a thirst for knowledge is increasing day by day.

Nowadays, our library has developed into a multifunctional building. There are 50 computers in it. Many a student___5___ (like) to surf the Internet at weekends here, and now you can see that my classmates, Mike and John,___6___ (play) computer games there. When you turn to another room, you will find that a professor and writer___7___ (deliver) a speech. Each boy and each girl___8___ (focus) on his interesting speech. Every time there is a wonderful speech, the audience always cheer (cheer) up. You are entering our art exhibition. A teacher with his students___9___ (be) in the room. On the wall___10___ (be) 100 pictures, which attract many students.

1. ____ 2. ____ 3. ____ 4. ____ 5. ____

6. ____ 7. ____ 8. ____ 9. ____ 10. ____

能力提升

完形填空

I log onto a computer at the doctors office to say I have arrived and then wait until a___1___ calls me into the examination room. There, a___2___ nurse directs me onto the scales and then takes my blood pressure. Some time later, the___3___, who is also a robot, comes. He notes down my___4___ and gives me a prescription (處方). I pay for my visit using a credit card and return home without having___5___ another human being. This is my___6___ vision of the future, which hasnt happened at least yet.

I should say I really do like many aspects of___7___. I am a big fan of air conditioning in summer and heaters in winter. But I am___8___ this because I dont want machines to___9___.

When I call my dentists office and actually get a human being on the line, I am___10___. But when I see the introduction of yet more self-service checkout stations at the grocery store, I feel like ___11___, “When it comes to cashiers, make mine a(n)___12___, please!”

___13___, human cashiers sometimes give you a store coupon (优惠券) for items you are___14___.

Even more than that, real-life cashiers often take an interest in particularly cute children, which can___15___ young mothers day. A cashier may also show pity on an elderly person___16___ to get that last penny out of his purse.

Machines can be___17___ and cost-effective and they often get the___18___ done just fine. But they lack an element so___19___ to everyday life.

Call it the spirit, the soul or the___20___. It is something no machine will ever have. It is human beings that encourage us to smile at others, which may be what they need at that moment.

1. A. neighbor B. friend C. man D. voice

2. A. careless B. robotic C. strange D. kind

3. A. worker B. nurse C. doctor D. cleaner

4. A. signal B. condition C. words D. questions

5. A. guided B. helped C. met D. called

6. A. terrible B. wonderful C. relaxing D. adventurous

7. A. economy B. agriculture C. literature D. technology

8. A. writing B. doing C. proving D. hating

9. A. cut in B. pass by C. take over D. go away

10. A. gentle B. thrilled C. discouraged D. weary

11. A. talking B. laughing C. shouting D. whispering

12. A. machine B. human C. animal D. opportunity

13. A. After all B. So far C. At first D. For example

14. A. desiring B. using C. forgetting D. buying

15. A. brighten B. seize C. influence D. destroy

16. A. turning B. happening C. describing D. struggling

17. A. urgent B. efficient C. frequent D. consistent

18. A. challenge B. exercise C. job D. test

19. A. difficult B. important C. useless D. clear

20. A. arm B. hand C. head D. heart

语法填空

A team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by nature to create the first robotic fly. The fly has become a platform for a series of new high-tech systems.___1___ (design) to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is___2___ size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it___3___ (stay) in the air and perform controlled flight___4___ (task).

“It is extremely___5___ (importance) for us to think of this as a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individual parts,” said Robert Wood, the Harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade. A few years ago, his team___6___ (get) the permission to start putting together the parts. “The___7___ (add) difficulty with a project like this___8___ (be) that actually none of those parts is ready to use and so we have to develop them all___9___ our own,” he said.

They designed a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system ___10___ just moves the wings has plenty of interdependence on the individual parts,” said Wood.

1. ____ 2. ____ 3. ____ 4. ____ 5. ____

6. ____ 7. ____ 8. ____ 9. ____ 10. ____

短文改错

Patience is of great important in our daily life. Once I waited a bus to come at a stop. 30 minutes passed, but no bus come. Both upset and annoyed, I decided to go on foot. But no sooner had I left when the bus arrived. I thought if I had waited for one more minutes, I would have caught it. If I chose to take a next bus, I would have to wait for other 3 minutes. Only then did I realize my problem. Be impatient will possibly waste all the effort that we have put it in. Now, whenever I am closely to losing my patience, I will think at this experience.

Section Ⅲ Developing ideas

基礎训练

单词填空?用所给词的适当形式填空。

1.The doctors made one last ____attempt to save the boys life and desired to drive him from ____. (desperate)

2.If the product you buy is ____, please contact the after-sales department of our company. After all, we are at ____. (fault)

3.John is ____with his words and actions. And he has ____shown that he has the common touch. (consistent)

4.There was every reason to suppose that Henry would ____them and do an ____of the product. (imitate)

5.He could no longer cope with his____job and fail to satisfy his boss____. (demand)

6.We are looking for an____who would be willing____in the groups work. (assist)

單句表达?根据括号内提示翻译句子。

1. 看上去好像马上就要下雨了。（as though）

2. 所有人立即采取行动，帮助他们度过这次灾难。（go through）

3. 好几件事凑在一起，使我改变了主意。（change ones mind）

4. 随着智能手机的普及，学生有多种方式学习英语。（with复合结构作状语）

5. 直到那时，我突然意识到没有人比我更幸福了。（It was not until... that...）

提示写作

选用所给词汇或句型造句并组成一段连贯的短文（80词左右）。

（imitate?analyse?the difference between... and...?so far

by contrast?When it comes to...?not so/as... as...?It is likely that...）

____________________

能力提升

阅读理解

Technology has become so advanced that the previous impossibilities seem to occur on a daily basis, and yet we still have no cure for the common cold.

According to Peter Barlow, a scientist at Edinburgh Napier University in the UK, the main challenge lies in the many different types of cold viruses. There are at least 160 types. They change so easily that they quickly become resistant to drugs, or learn to hide from our immune (免疫的) systems. In other words, a single cure isnt likely to work on every type of cold.

However, researchers from Stanford University have found a possible answer. They discovered a protein (蛋白质) that the viruses need. Without it, they cant spread inside your body. To identify the gene (基因) which produces the specific protein needed by the viruses, researchers used a gene- editing technique to test all genes. These modified (改变的) cells were then exposed to a range of viruses, including ones causing the common cold. All the viruses were unable to copy inside cells without the gene that produces that specific protein.

Then, they tested genetically modified mice, which were completely unable to produce the protein. The mice were able to live normal lives without the protein. “Lacking that gene protected the mice completely from viral infection,” associate professor Jan Carette, from Stanford, told the BBC. “These mice would always die, but they lived through and we saw a very strong reduction in copying viruses and very strong protection. We have identified a fantastic target that all cold viruses require and depend on. Take that away and the virus really has no chance.”

Carette said the plan was to find a drug which could temporarily control the protein, instead of producing genetically modified humans.

1. What words can best describe common cold viruses?

A. Severe and deadly. B. Mysterious and unstable.

C. Various and changeable. D. Challenging and strong.

2. What is the function of the protein?

A. Helping viruses spread. B. Reducing physical infection.

C. Fighting against other viruses. D. Helping the immune system.

3. What can we learn about the genetically modified mice?

A. They caught cold easily. B. They became unhealthy.

C. They produced more protein. D. They were able to survive.

4. What is the purpose of the research?

A. To test a new drug. B. To control certain genes.

C. To defeat the common cold. D. To cure genetically modified mice.

Cat lovers finally have the chance to understand what their pets are saying thanks to a smart collar (智能項圈) that can interpret meows (猫叫声) and translate them into human speech. Named Catterbox, the collar supposedly has a digital sensor that detects meows, and uses a special program to interpret the meaning behind them.

Developed by London ad agency adam&eveDDB, the invention comes preloaded (預装) with a dictionary of cat meows to make the interpretation as accurate as possible. The promotion video of the smart collar claims that Catterbox, the worlds first talking cat collar, is designed to finally help humans understand the meaning of meows. “Cats are often thought of as independent pets quite hard to get to know, so we set up The Temptations Lab to find creative ways to inject (添加) even more pleasure into a cat and its owners relationship,” said Richard Brim, executive creative director of adam&eveDDB.

“Studies show cats only meow in order to communicate with humans,” the video adds. “So we set out on a mission to get to know them better. By analyzing different cat meows, weve designed a digital sensor that detects a cats meow and uses a unique program to turn it into a human voice.” So by using the collar, owners can speak to their cats and expect a meaningful response. The responses are delivered in a British accent, in a voice of the owners choice, selected through a smartphone app paired with the collar.

A few sample responses are shown on the companys YouTube channel—they are quite funny, but obviously not very convincing. In all probability, Catterbox is useless though it has a very clever marketing means.

5. Why did the researchers set up The Temptations Lab?

A. To create a dictionary of cat meows. B. To research into cats habits.

C. To prove cats are difficult to understand. D. To help cat lovers get more fun from cats.

6. What can we know about Catterbox?

A. It is selling well among cat lovers. B. It can translate cats sounds.

C. It helps cats understand their owners. D. It knows cats languages.

7. What is the authors attitude towards the smart collar?

A. Positive. B. Critical. C. Doubtful. D. Unconcerned.

8. What is the suitable title for the text?

A. A Useful App B. A Mission to Get Close to Cats

C. A Smart Collar D. A Study of Cats

完形填空

When I was a boy I dreamed of my future. I was going to be a cowboy. Then I dreamed of being a firefighter and___1___ people from burning buildings. I just couldnt___2___ to grow up and be an adult. After I went to college, those dreams___3___. I thought I would be a scientist, and then I switched to being a teacher. When I___4___ and had children, my dreams of the future changed again. Now it wasnt a___5___ career that I dreamed of but a time when I could be settled and___6___.

That dream, of course, didnt___7___. In fact, none of those dreams ever came to life. It took me many years as well to___8___ that living in a dreamy future was living in a___9___ and that each moment I spent there was taking a moment away from the___10___ NOW. I saw that there could be no perfect, problem-free future because problems are part of___11___.

It is only in the NOW that we can truly live. Our dreams for the future are just that:___12___. Whether they come true or not isnt as___13___ as how we live each day here. A hug shared today can never be___14___. An act of kindness not given now is lost forever. A moment of love missed can never be___15___ up again. Each second of the NOW is precious and priceless. Dont waste any one of them.

1. A. liberating B. carrying C. rescuing D. keeping

2. A. wait B. stop C. stay D. refuse

3. A. remained B. ended C. disappeared D. changed

4. A. retired B. married C. succeeded D. worked

5. A. certain B. firm C. promising D. professional

6. A. silent B. gentle C. secure D. patient

7. A. lose B. happen C. produce D. destroy

8. A. assess B. appreciate C. conclude D. realize

9. A. hope B. fantasy C. castle D. sight

10. A. precious B. favorite C. common D. popular

11. A. activity B. movement C. life D. business

12. A. realities B. dreams C. purposes D. treasures

13. A. famous B. serious C. impressive D. important

14. A. replaced B. followed C. recovered D. analysed

15. A. picked B. broken C. made D. put

Writing

话题表达指导

话题介绍

话题：科幻故事。要求学生能够依据所给材料内容、所给段落开头语进行续写（150词左右），充分发挥想象力和创造力，将其发展成一篇逻辑衔接合理、情节和结构完整的短文。读后续写除了要求学生掌握丰富的词汇和句式，还注重学生的内容构思和情节衔接的能力。

注意事项：

1. 注意与所给短文及段落开头语的衔接程度；

2. 情节设计要合理，续写的部分应该是故事的高潮和结尾部分；

3. 允许添加新的人物。

题例导学

题目

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

I believe there are aliens in space. I have met them in my dream. One night, I dreamed of going camping in a forest. I had a good time there. As I was going to sleep, I heard a loud noise. Then I saw a red light land in the forest near me. I went to see what happened. To my surprise, I heard some voices speaking a strange language that I had never heard before, so I hid behind some bushes and kept quiet. I saw strange creatures who were very short and thin with big round heads. They discovered me. Before I could speak a word, I were pushed into a UFO.

Several minutes later, I arrived in a strange world where I saw many short aliens who have green skin exactly the same as I ever thought. There was much land and only a little water. And there were some kinds of fish, but no birds. Many fearful snakes and insects lived on the planet. In my eyes, the aliens there were smart and special. They did exercise and explored just like humans. What amazed me most was the transportation that they were using. They each had a light backpack which would turn into a mini plane when used.

注意：续写词数应为150左右。

Paragraph 1:

Seeing that I was interested in it, one of the aliens invited me to have a try.

Paragraph 2:

Later, the alien invited me to visit their flying object.

思路引导

本题是让学生续写一篇科幻故事，审题时要注意以下几点：

1. 根据Paragraph 1和Paragraph 2給出的“开头语”确定写什么；

2. 根据阅读文段的相关内容明确怎么写；

3. 注意人称、时态等方面的问题。

范例展示

Seeing that I was interested in it, one of the aliens invited me to have a try. When I touched it, I immediately flew high into space. In space, I saw a lot of rubbish in the air, and tried to pick it up. I felt it hard to do it. Suddenly, I saw an alien in front of me using a strange cleaner to clean all the rubbish quickly.

Later, the alien invited me to visit their flying object. I went to the object and saw a lot of buttons on it. “Whats the use of these buttons?” I asked in surprise. “Dont look down on these buttons. They are actually very useful. They can attack enemies,” the alien pointed to the button and said in my language. Then, I woke up and found myself on the earth. What an unforgettable experience!

话题表达

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Malcolm is a 17-year-old boy who really likes adventures. One day in the summer holiday, Malcolm went to a museum, he saw a lot of dinosaur skeletons (骨架) and thought they are very cool. The skeletons are very large and were discovered many years ago. It took a lot of space in the museum. It is three meters high and two meters wide. Malcolm was shocked by the great sight.

After that, Malcolm likes collecting dinosaur toys and reading books about it. His whole room was full of dinosaur posters and toys which were piled on the ground, and there were also books about dinosaur history on his bed. Malcolm hopes that he could see one in real life, but he knows that they are already extinct.

One Sunday, Malcolm took a camera to take pictures of the view from his tree house, but saw a key in the tree house stairs. It looked like a normal yellow key. Malcolm was confused, and he thought: Why is there a key here? There shouldnt be anyone nearby. When he decided to give the key to his mother. Suddenly, the magic key began to shine. It was too bright for Malcolm to open his eyes, and then he fainted (昏厥).

注意：续写词数应为150左右。

Paragraph 1:

When he came to himself some time later, Malcolm found that he was in a forest!

Paragraph 2:

At this moment, he realized that some kind of animal was behind him.

Section Ⅳ Presenting ideas

核心短语与句型回顾

短语

1. on the ____大体上总的来说

2. come into ____开始存在

3. in ____相比之下

4. ____闲逛