拳拳武术魂

文／李宜臻 图／王凯

三铺龙拳利用手法、步法、身法等展现了套路动作的优美曲线和刚柔相济的攻防能力。Sanpu Longquan shows the graceful curves of routines and the offensive &defensive capability combining softness and hardness by virtue of hand techniques,footwork and bodily movements.

行步如风，精神抖擞。行走间，武林侠客，气质尽显。三铺龙拳创始人刘正海虽然已是古稀之年，但他练起拳来依旧是脚下生根，龙行虎步。

三铺龙拳发源于青岛胶州市铺集镇，前身为刘家拳，由刘家先祖于明朝末年开创，历经十代相传。数百年来融合南拳北腿的技术特点，讲究内外兼修、以快制胜、刚柔灵动、攻守平衡，具有实战功能，又兼备健身价值。

“根出群山归万峰，源自龙虫虎豹中。洞量人心取如意，三变才觉有神灵。”清朝道光年间，由云清道人刘峪盛口授、刘家三世祖刘楹盛记录的这首诗流传至今。这首诗是刘家拳一脉相传的训导之词。第八代传承人刘正海将此诗解读为藏心诗，取诗中的字与意象，结合地理渊源、道家思想等方面内容，将刘家拳命名为“三铺龙拳”。

在刘家拳的基础上，三铺龙拳更加突出武术套路技击性和攻防的灵活性，刘正海保留了刘家拳的精华，将动作简单化，编排了易学的“一操一拳一功法”，即三铺龙拳武术操、十步拳和舒心活血增寿功。

三铺龙拳运用刀、枪、剑、棍等20多种器械形成套路。Sanpu Longquan has formed routines by use of over 20 weapons,including broadswords,spears,swords and sticks.

目前刘正海记录在册的弟子有三万余人。At present,Liu Zhenghai has more than 30,000 registered disciples.

在推广中华武术的道路上，刘正海始终孜孜不倦。工作后，刘正海任职于青岛胶州市第二中学。作为体育老师，他将武术融入体育教学之中。1977年，凭借一己之力，刘正海组建起了学校的第一支少年武术队，在胶县田径运动会的展演中引起轰动。2010年，刘正海只身一人远赴香港参赛，成绩斐然，夺得三枚金牌。自此，三铺龙拳渐渐被人熟知。2016年，三铺龙拳入选山东省省级非物质文化遗产名录。

2018年，三铺龙拳被收录在山东省职业教育新教材中，其主体拳也被正式编入《国家通用学生用书》教材；2019年，教育部指定三铺龙拳作为学生大课间活动项目。近年来，三铺龙拳众多传习者先后获得国际级、国家级、省市级多项团体及单项金奖，2019年取得世界体育休闲大会武术比赛暨山东省武术大会团体冠军。“武术给了我第二次生命。”刘正海深知练习武术的益处，希望能把传统武术传承下去，让更多人受益。

三铺龙拳模仿各种动物扑食动作，虎虎生风。Sanpu Longquan appears vigorous by imitating the pouncing of a variety of animals.

刘正海七岁开始练拳，古稀之年的他收集了许多自己早年间练习、教学、比赛等场景的照片，这是他最珍贵的记忆。Since practicing boxing at the age of seven,70-year-old Liu Zhenghai has collected many photos concerning his early practice,teaching and competition,which are his most precious memories.

三铺龙拳融合南拳北腿的技术优点，实战功能与健身价值兼备。Sanpu Longquan integrates the technical advantages of northern kicks and southern fists,and combines combat value and fitness value.

三铺龙拳的练习者在刘正海的带领下参赛，获奖无数。Led by Liu Zhenghai,the learners of Sanpu Longquan won numerous competition prizes.

刘正海为了更好地传承三铺龙拳，打破“传男不传女，传内不传外”家规的制约，女性也可以参与到三铺龙拳的练习中来。To better pass down Sanpu Longquan,Liu Zhenghai broke the restriction of his family rule — “passing down to male family members only”,and allowed women to practice Sanpu Longquan.

Sincere Martial Arts Spirit

Sanpu Longquan (Dragon Fist)originates in Puji Town,Jiaozhou,Qingdao.Its predecessor is Lau Ga Kyun initiated by an ancestor of the Liu family in the late Ming Dynasty,which has been passed down for ten generations.

Liu Zhenghai,the eighth-generation inheritor of Lau Ga Kyun,named it “Sanpu Longquan”.On the basis of Lau Ga Kyun,Sanpu Longquan further highlights the technical attack of martial arts routines and the flexibility of offence and defense.Liu Zhenghai retained the essence of Lau Ga Kyun,simplified its movements,and designed “One Exercise,One Fist Position and One Qigong Technique”,namely Sanpu Longquan Martial Arts Exercise,Ten-Step Fist,and Fitness Qigong (for relaxing muscles,stimulating blood circulation and prolonging life),which are easy to learn.

In 1977,Liu Zhenghai independently established his first junior martial arts team,which caused a sensation at the track and field games in Jiao County.In 2010,he went to Hong Kong alone for a competition,made brilliant achievements,and won three gold medals.Since then,Sanpu Longquan has gained recognition.In 2016,it was selected onto the list of provincial intangible cultural heritage of Shandong.

In 2018,Sanpu Longquan was included in Shandong’s new textbooks for vocational education,and its dominant fist position was officially incorporated into the textbookNational General Students’ Book;in 2019,the Ministry of Education designated Sanpu Longquan as students’ recess activity item.In recent years,numerous teachers and learners of Sanpu Longquan have won several international,national,provincial and municipal collective and individual gold medals,and some of them won a team title at the Martial Arts Competition of World Leisure Games and Shandong Martial Arts Games in 2019.“Martial arts gave me a second chance at life.”Fully knowing the benefits of martial arts practice,Liu Zhenghai wishes to pass down traditional martial arts to bring benefits to more people.