骨木镶嵌：熔金铸古 巧嵌精雕

刘凡力

木鑲嵌是指在木器表面嵌入动物骨骼进行装饰，是浙江宁波的一项传统技艺。南宋时期，宁波以其天然的地理优势、水路发达的交通成为对外贸易的主要口岸之一，手工业随之繁荣，给骨木镶嵌工艺创造了良好的发展条件，浙东沿海丰富的鱼胶、贝壳、木竹等更是提供了骨木镶嵌工艺最初的原材料。在此基础上，经过漫长时间的洗礼，最终吸收了宁波木雕嵌的传统和民间风俗画的精华，逐渐形成了骨木镶嵌技艺的固定风格。宁波骨木镶嵌工艺品的品类繁多，根据其作用可大致分为传统家具、生活用品和建筑装饰这三类。

陈明伟是国家级非物质文化遗产保护项目“宁波骨木镶嵌”代表性传承人，自幼酷爱绘画、书法，有着对文化的独特理解。从青年时期起，他就对宁波骨木镶嵌的制作情有独钟，如今虽已年过六旬，仍在精益求精的学习道路上乐此不彼，力求给骨木镶嵌的发展带来更多创新。他的作品《千工床》获2013年中国民间文艺“山花奖”，获得无数人的赞誉。其作品还有《梁祝屏风》《孙过庭书谱》《观音菩萨圣像》等，每一件都备受称赞。

著名学者赵朴初先生盛赞宁波骨木镶嵌为“思入豪芒，心连广宇，熔今铸古，巧嵌精雕”。骨木镶嵌工艺品是艺术与文化的结晶，每幅作品都蕴含着丰富的人文内涵，也倾注了手工匠人对现实世界和精神世界的感悟。

（感谢浙江省非物质文化遗产保护中心为本栏目提供支持。）

Carved Bone Inlay： Traditional， Modern and Most Exquisite

By Liu Fanli

A traditional craft in Zhejiangs Ningbo city， Carved Bone Inlay refers to a carving technique which embeds animal bone pieces into wooden works for decorations. Zhao Puchu， a renowned Chinese scholar， once praised the craft as “redolent of thought in the minutest details， connecting with the vast world， integrating past with present and carving with the most exquisite techniques.”

In the Southern Song period （1127-1279）， Ningbo became a major international trading port thanks to its natural geographical advantages and developed waterways， and the handicraft industry prospered accordingly， creating favorable conditions for the development of Carved Bone Inlay. Abundant fish glue， shells， and bamboos in this area provided the initial raw materials for the craft. Over time， it has absorbed the essence of Ningbos traditional wood inlay as well as folk paintings and developed its own unique style. Now， Carved Bone Inlay is largely used for traditional furniture， household goods and architecture ornaments.

An inheritor of the Carved Bone Inlay craft， Chen Mingwei has been in love with painting and calligraphy since childhood and has developed his unique understanding on Chinese culture. Indeed， Chen started learning the craft when he was very young. Already in his sixties， he is still striving to bring more innovative ideas into the development of Carved Bone Inlay. His works are widely acclaimed. One of them， Qiangong Chuang （literally “a bed costing a thousand days to make”， won the 2013 “Mountain Flower Award”， which is dedicated to Chinas folk arts and culture.