Digital Education Action Plan 2021-2027 Resetting education and training for the digital age（Ⅰ）

Product by European Commission  欧盟委员会

《数字教育行动计划2021—2027》是继欧盟2018年1月發布《数字教育行动计划2018》之后的第二个欧盟数字教育行动计划。《数字教育行动计划2018》制定了欧盟数字教育框架，在2018至2020年推进了11项教育行动，帮助成员国应对在教育和培训中使用数字技术的挑战和机遇。《数字教育行动计划2021—2027》则将重点放在了教育和培训的长期数字化变革上，并提出了数字教育的长期愿景。

Introduction

Digital technologies are changing the world at an incredible speed and are reshaping how people in Europe live， work and study. Ongoing digital transformation impacts many parts of our daily life， from the ever-increasing integration of digital technologies in all sectors of the economy to the societal impact of emerging technologies such as Artificial Intelligence （AI）. Connected devices and intelligent systems surround us and support activities in terms of access and exchange of information， communication and collaboration， modes of work， business operations and， finally yet critically， learning opportunities.

Like other sectors， education and training is undergoing a process of change. When properly planned and designed， the use of digital technologies for teaching and learning offers many opportunities， including the possibility to open up to a more diverse cohort of learners， increase flexibility， personalisation and inclusion， and offer more interactive and engaging forms of cooperation and communication. At the same time， it brings challenges： educators need to master the digital environment to design high quality and engaging learning experiences and learners also need to be technologically savvy. Education and training systems have an essential role to play in embracing digital technologies and enabling societies to reap the benefits of the digital transformation， while avoiding the risks that may come from digital exclusion or inappropriate use of technology.

In the context of the COVID-19 crisis， digital technologies are supporting individuals and organisations in their daily tasks， allowing for business continuity， including in the field of education and training. However， the sudden and large-scale use of digital technologies to ensure continuity of teaching and learning has shown major discrepancies between and within Member States and has brought to the fore the benefits and risks of digitalisation. Today more than ever， ensuring inclusive and quality education and training that responds to the lifelong learning need to develop the competences necessary for future life and employment requires that education and training institutions use digital technologies in a critical， purposeful and effective way.

Stronger support and guidance at EU level is needed to learn from the experiences so far， including more recently from the COVID-19 crisis， and to boost the level of preparedness for the future. Common efforts and a comprehensive approach are needed to harness digital technologies for effective and inclusive education and training and to enable Europeans of all ages and backgrounds to live and thrive in the digital age.

Impact of the 2018 Action Plan

The 2018 Action Plan focused on formal education （i.e.， primary and secondary schools， VET， and higher education） and covered three priority areas： making better use of digital technology for teaching and learning; developing digital competences and skills; improving education through better data analysis and foresight.

The first priority aimed to support the use of digital technology in education， fostering its full potential as a tool for teaching and learning. The second priority addressed the development of digital competence as a ‘life skill， crucial for playing an active role in society， engaging in further education and training， and accessing the labour market. The third priority focused on foresight， and how improving the use of data in education can support policymaking.

Welcomed by Member States， the European Parliament， the Committee of the Regions， and stakeholders at large， the 2018 Action Plan contributed to an emerging policy dialogue and confirmed the EUs added value in this field. The implementation of its actions is ongoing until the end of 2020. Its implementation boosted cooperation and dialogue on digital education. Several high-level events brought education stakeholders and policy makers together to discuss innovative teaching and learning practices， including the Bulgarian and Romanian Presidency events organised in 2018 and 2019. Additional activities were carried out in response to stakeholder requests and feedback， as for instance， the development of a new dimension on digital transformation and capability in the HEInnovate framework. The 2018 Action Plan also influenced national policies and initiatives on digital education in a number of Member States， including Belgium， Bulgaria and France.

譯文

简介

数字技术以惊人的速度改变着世界，并且正在改变欧洲人的生活、工作和学习方式。持续的数字化转型影响着我们日常生活的许多方面，从数字技术在各个经济领域的日益融合到人工智能等新兴技术对社会的影响。互连的设备和智能系统围绕着我们，并支持信息的获取与交换、通信和协作、工作模式、业务运营以及至关重要的学习机会等活动。

与其他领域一样，教育和培训也在经历变革的过程。经过适当的计划和设计，数字技术的使用将为教育和学习提供许多机会，包括提升面向更广泛学习者开放的可能，增加灵活性、个性化和包容性，并提供更具互动性和参与性的合作与交流形式。同时，它带来了挑战：教育者需要精通数字环境，从而设计高质量和引人入胜的学习体验，而且学习者也需要精通技术。教育和培训系统在拥抱数字技术、促使社会从数字化转型中受益两方面发挥了至关重要的作用，同时避免了数字排斥或技术使用不当带来的风险。

新冠肺炎疫情危机背景下，数字技术为个人和组织的日常工作提供支持，从而实现了包括教育和培训领域在内的业务连续性。然而，为确保教与学的连续性，突然被大量使用的数字技术显示出成员国之间和内部的重大差异，并突显出数字化的利益和风险。今天比以往任何时候都更需要确保教育和培训的包容性和高质量，以响应终身学习的需求，发展未来生活和就业所必需的能力，这就要求教育和培训机构以关键、有目的和有效的方式使用数字技术。

欧盟需要提供更强有力的支持和指导，吸取迄今为止的经验，如最近的新冠肺炎疫情危机，并提前做好应对未来危机的准备。如何利用数字技术进行有效和包容性的教育和培训，需要社会各界共同努力和采取综合办法，使所有年龄和背景的欧洲人都能在数字时代生活和发展。

《数字教育行动计划2018》的影响

《数字教育行动计划2018》聚焦正式教育（即中小学、职业教育培训和高等教育），涵盖三个重点领域：更好地利用数字技术进行教学;发展数字能力和技能;通过更好的数据分析和技术预见改善教育。

首要任务是支持在教育中使用数字技术，并充分发挥其作为教学工具的潜力。其次是将数字能力发展为一种“生活技能”，这对人们在社会中发挥积极作用，参与进一步的教育和培训以及进入劳动力市场至关重要。最后是技术预见，如何改善教育数据的应用从而支持教育决策。

《数字教育行动计划2018》受到了欧盟成员国、各地区委员会以及广大利益相关方的欢迎，为新兴的政策对话做出了贡献，并确保了欧盟在这一领域的附加值。其行动实施一直持续到2020年底。它的实施促进了数字教育方面的合作与对话。一些高级别活动将教育利益相关者和政策制定者聚集在一起，讨论创新的教学实践，例如2018年和2019年组织的保加利亚和罗马尼亚总统活动。还根据利益相关者的要求和反馈，开展了其他活动，例如，在HEInnovate框架中开发数字转型和能力的新维度。《数字教育行动计划2018》还影响了比利时、保加利亚和法国等多个成员国的数字教育国家政策和举措的制定。