指向素养提升的体验式写作教学
2021-04-08封婷
封婷
【摘要】小學英语写作是交际的工具、思维的展现和情感的表达,应通过创设情境,多模态视角下调动学生写作兴趣,激发写作热情。通过体验式写作教学培养学生写作能力,使学生从“情境”中来,到“情境”中去。
【关键词】英语核心素养 体验式写作 中国传统文化
英语学科的核心素养包括语言能力、思维品质、文化品格和学习能力四个维度。其中“文化品格”强调了新时代学生应该具备对中外文化的理解力和对优秀中国文化的认同感与传播力。译林版英语教材进行了多处修改,中国元素越来越多,感受、体验、传播中华民族的优秀文化是小学英语教师的使命担当。译林版小学《英语》六年级(下册)第六单元各版块以An interesting country为话题,介绍了澳大利亚、英国等国家的天气、动物、运动、景点等,使学生对这些英语国家的风土人情形成初步印象。笔者在第4课时设计了“根据提示,以An interesting country为题,用英文介绍中国的基本概况”这一写作教学内容,聚焦中华传统手工艺之趣,以介绍中国十二生肖剪纸为写作话题,以听、说、读、看、写相结合的方式,理解赏析、交流体验中国文化,全面指向素养提升。
【教学过程】
Step1:Review创设情境,培养语言能力
Talk about the main countries.
T:From Unit 6, we learned something about different countries. Would you like to complete notes about them?
设计意图:开门见山,激活旧知,引出国家话题,培养学生根据关键词提炼信息的能力。
Step2:Present 问题导向,引领思维品质
1. 呈现中国地图,畅谈话题:China is...in my heart.
T:China. Please use one word to describe it.
S1:China is big in my heart.
T:(数字体验)What is the area of China? It is about 24 times larger than Japan. It is about 90 times larger than Jiangsu.
S2:China is clean and beautiful in my heart.
T:(视觉体验)Lucid water and lush mountains are invaluable assets.
S3:China is powerful in my heart.
T:(图片体验)We defeated the COVID-19 together.
S4:China is interesting in my heart.
T:(思维体验)What is interesting in China?
设计意图:利用思维导图,发散思维,畅谈学生眼中的“趣”,为下文引出传统手工艺做好铺垫。
2. 传统手工艺作品——虎头鞋之初体验。
a. 观看学校“虎娃漫步”社团手工艺作品视频。
T:In some places, there are some interesting traditional handicrafts. In our school,there is one of them, most of students are interested in making it. It is Tiger-head shoes. Lets focus on it.
b. 自主阅读介绍虎头鞋的英文范文,体验更多文化背景。
T:What do the students make in the video?
Why do people call them Tiger-head shoes?
As one of Chinese traditional handicrafts,would you like to know more? Shall we read the following passage?
Hello, everybody! Look at these interesting shoes carefully. What do they look like? Yes, Tiger-head. How cute! People call them Tiger-head shoes. They were made by hand for kids. Tiger is the king of the forest. It is so strong and large that it can drive the evil away. Can you see the tigers eyes, brows, mouth and nose? They are sewn(缝制) with needle(针) and thread(线).It is too hard to make it. But people are interested in making it. Children usually learn to walk in these tiger-head shoes. In the blessing(祝福)of the parents and grandparents, the kids will become strong and healthy when they put on tiger-head shoes.
c. 小组合作,填写信息卡。
T:After reading, you may get other points about it. Try to complete this note.
d. 交流反馈,形成信息差。
Ss:The name is Tiger-head shoe. It is a handicraft. It is not easy to make it. It looks like a tiger head. Children learn to walk easily after wearing it. It makes them healthy and strong...
設计意图:浅显的文字,结合适当的图片,激发学生对中华传统手工艺的热情。利用虎头鞋英文介绍作为写作范例,引导学生阅读后填写信息卡,培养他们概括提炼的能力,使学生构建信息框架,为下文搭建另一个框架做好热身。
Step3:Pre-writing信息交流,增强文化意识
信息卡形式呈现本节课写作主题:中国十二生肖剪纸,利用多模态形式激发学生写作灵感。
T:Tiger-head shoes are a kind of traditional handicraft about animals. Here is another one. You can see animals on it too. Read and guess.
a. 初读信息卡,猜出传统手工艺名称:Chinese Paper Cutting。
b. 再读信息卡,问答竞赛形式,了解交流文化背景。
For example:
What color? What shape?
How to make it? When can you see it?
Where do we put it? Is it easy to make?
What year is 2020? It is the year of Rat.
教师适当补充十二生肖的剪纸图片,即兴示范剪纸,赠送精美剪纸,激发兴趣,丰富体验,积累写作用语。
c. 创设“我为外宾讲剪纸”情境,小组合作齐商量,自制思维导图,搭建写作支架。
T:Do you like our Chinese Paper Cutting? It is worth sharing.
How to share well? What can we introduce to more foreigners?
设计意图:学生经历了“关于虎头鞋的英文介绍材料阅读——虎头鞋信息卡提炼——剪纸信息卡阅读——剪纸英文介绍扩展材料阅读”这一“输入、输出、再输入、再输出”的语言加工过程,其思维广度得到增长,文化意识得到渗透,语言能力得到提升,写作热情得到激发。
Step4:While-writing 综合运用,提升写作能力
1. 呈现本节课写作要求。
T:According to the mind map, try to use your words to show our Chinese Paper Cutting.
剪纸是中国传统文化之一,请结合思维导图,为学校剪纸社团的同学们准备一份英文介绍,让更多人认识、喜欢剪纸吧。
2. 呈现本节课写作自评表。
设计意图:指明题意,学生按照写作要求,参照思维导图提纲,仔细审题,对照自评表写作内容和书写要求展开写作,有章可循。
Step5:Post-writing知情融合,浸润情感态度
1.对照自评表,示范点评,以评促学。
教师有针对性地投影两篇习作,带领学生边阅读,边评价。一篇侧重关注习作结构与内容:是否讲清了中国剪纸的特色,文字是否吸引读者;另一篇侧重关注习作的书写、标点、拼写、时态等,使学生意识到好习作既要有思想,也要有颜值。
2.对照互评表,同伴互评,以评促改。
一人一表,参照教师评价方式以及批改符号,阅读对方习作,善于发现习作亮点,友善提出修改建议,为二次润色做好准备。
3.创设真实情境,解说展示,知情融合。
教师搭台子,以评选“最佳解说稿”为情境,鼓励学生自荐或他荐,自信展示中华文化,丰富学生演说体验,引导他们学会从习作功能、习作篇幅、习作内容、习作情感等多维度展开综合评选。
设计意图:在理解和表达中国剪纸文化的语言实践活动中,融合知识学习和技能发展,通过获取、概括、创新等思维活动,构建写作结构,在自评、互评中发展思维品质,在展示中形成文化理解,促进英语学科核心素养的形成和发展。
Homework:
1.继续修改作文,打印投稿于剪纸社团辅导教师。
2.参照中国剪纸写作步骤及方法,运用思维导图列提纲,尝试用英文介绍中国传统工艺之糖人。
附:学生习作一篇
Welcome to our club to see Chinese paper cutting. I am glad to tell you about it. It has a long history of over 2,000 years. We cut red paper into different animal shapes. Strong tiger, lovely rabbit, clever monkey, honest horse...They are beautiful, cute and useful. On Chinese New Years Eve,people put them on windows.They make our house bright and new. Many students are interested in making it. 2020 is the year of Rat, we use knives and scissors to make a smart rat with our best wishes. We hope everything goes well this year.
整节写作课,笔者关注英语学科核心素养,师生就“国家”这一宏观话题做了微观趣聊,在不同体验中巧妙渗透中华传统文化,以话题写作为手段,以中心问题为导向,以思维导图为抓手,写作前分类、概括、建构、表达,写作后评价、反思、展示,以说促写,以评促改,在不断交流体验中明晰写作思路、完善写作成果,加深了对中国优秀传统文化的理解、认同、体验和认知,使孩子们积极传播中华文化的表达诉求得到了满足。
(作者单位:江苏省泰州市高港实验小学)