主题语境十六：热点话题

四川双流中学 蒋建平（特级教师）

感知·素养解读

与时俱进，热点纷呈。热点话题时代感强，体现语言传递信息的功能。随着现代社会的发展，人们更多地放眼社会、国家、全球，关注人类命运、国家前途与生命质量等，如COVID-19、人工智能、太空探索、5G技术、全球变暖、节约能源、环境保护、交通问题等。

课标中“热点话题” 涉及的主要内容有：（1）Population；（2）Environmental conservation；（3）Crime and punishment； （4）Social differences；（5）Pollution。

考生在写“热点话题”主题文章时，应该对

探究·语库构建

文章有很强的整体把握能力和分析问题、解决问题的能力，同时合理调动和利用在生活中所积累的有关知识提出有建设性的意见。作文包括四个部分：现象—成因—优缺点—观点。 各个环节之间要注意逻辑和衔接，应用恰当的过渡句。

“热点话题” 主题的写作命题者可能从以下8个主要角度命题： 交通与环保、COVID-19、5G技术、环境问题、人工智能、安全意识、节约食物与健康饮食、自然灾害描述。

语境串记

Convenience vs health: The takeaway dilemma

Feeling hungry? If you're feeling famished, what's the easiest way 1.________（cope） with your hunger? Many of us will reach for a takeaway menu and order some delicious but possibly unhealthy food. And our 2._______（increasing） busy lives add to our need to buy ready-made food on the go or delivered to home.

Eating 3.______（option） are endless, and new technology means we can feed our cravings at the push of a button. Takeaway delivery apps make 4.______（order） food quick and convenient,and during the recent novel coronavirus crisis, they provided a lifeline to those 5.______（stick） at home with nothing to cook or who lacked the skills to prepare a meal for themselves. It's estimated that in the UK alone, people eat three million takeaway meals a day, and the three biggest delivery apps together offer a choice of 100 cuisines from 60,000 restaurants. A study shows that the 6._______（frequent） of takeaways ordered is expected to increase in the future.

It's no wonder we are tempted to skip the grocery shopping, bypass the kitchen, and tuck into something 7.______someone else has prepared. But ordering a deep crust pizza, a spicy curry or a box of noodles, can come at a price both financially and to our health. Eating too much 8.________（process） and unhealthy fast food has some effect on obesity and the risk of developing certain metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. It 9.________（survey） that most people ate fast food on average two days per week. But, in the 16 to 20-year-old category, one in six ate fast food at least twice a day.

Of course, reducing salt, sugar and fat is one way to make takeaway food healthier, as well as offering smaller portion sizes. But the best advice is to find a recipe book and try making your own nutritious meal. And if you haven't got time, try ordering 10.______healthier alternative from the menu.

图省事还是保健康？ 点外卖的纠结

感觉饿吗？ 如果你感到饥饿，最简单的应对饥饿的方法是什么？ 我们中的许多人会拿起外卖菜单，点一些美味，但可能不健康的食物。 而且我们日益忙碌的生活也增加了购买现成的食物或送货上门的需求。

饮食选择是不计其数的，新技术意味着我们只需按一下按钮就可以满足我们的欲望。外卖送餐软件使订餐变得快捷、方便。 在最近的新型冠状病毒危机中，这些软件为那些困在家里没有东西可做或缺乏为自己做饭技能的人提供了一条生命线。 据估计，仅在英国，人们每天要吃300万份外卖，人们可以从三大外卖软件的6万家餐厅中选择100种菜肴。 研究表明未来外卖订单的频率预计还会增加。

难怪我们不想去杂货店购物，绕过厨房，去吃别人准备好的东西。 但是，点一份厚底比萨、一份辛辣咖喱或一盒面条，既要付出经济上的代价，又要付出身体上的代价。 吃太多加工过的、 不健康的快餐对肥胖有一定的影响， 并有可能患上某些代谢和心血管方面的疾病。 调查发现，大多数人平均每周吃两天快餐。 但是，在16到20岁的人群中，六分之一的人每天至少吃两次快餐。

当然，减少盐、糖和脂肪是使外卖食物更健康的一种方法，同时提供更小的分量。 但是，最好的建议是找一本食谱，试着自己做一顿营养餐。 如果你没有时间，试着从菜单上点一个更健康的替代品。

素材积累

（一）阅读词汇整合（明其义）

【核心单词】

1. challenge v. & n. 挑战challenging adj. 挑战性的

2. explore v. 探索exploration n. 勘探；探索

3. cover 报道；遮盖

4. breakthrough 重大进展；突破

5. universe n. 宇宙universal adj. 普遍的；通用的；全世界的

6. launch v. 发射(导弹、火箭等) n. 发射；下水launcher n. 发射器

7. selfie 自拍

8. takeout/takeaway 外卖

9. onlooker 旁观者

10. WeMedia 自媒体

11. photobomb 抢镜

12. E-sports 电子竞技

【高频短语】

1. give a like 点赞

2. online payment 网络支付

3. off the charts 爆表

4. mobile payment 移动支付

5. face scan payment 扫脸支付

6. facial identification/recognition 人脸识别

7. mass texting 群发短信

8. online teacher/tutor 在线教师

9. reality show 真人秀

10. sharing economy 共享经济

11. copy cat 山寨品

12. flesh search 人肉搜索

13. square dancing 广场舞

14. die-hard fan 铁杆粉丝

15. online car-hailing 网约车

16. group buying 团购

17. online rumor 网络谣言

18. taxi-hailing app 打车软件

【主题整合】

网络技术

1. download 下载

2. intelligent adj. 智能的intelligence n. 智力

3. process 加工；处理

4. signal 信号

5. update 更新；使现代化

6. be addicted to 沉迷于……

7. have an effect on/upon 对……有影响

8. log in/on 登录；进入

新冠疫情

1. coronavirus 冠状病毒

2. pneumonia 肺炎

3. vaccine 疫苗

4. disinfect 给……消毒

5. symptom 症状

6. be infected with 感染

7. the COVID-19 epidemic 新冠肺炎疫情

8. face mask 口罩

9. confirmed case 确诊病例

10. suspected case 疑似病例

11. close contact 密切接触者

12. under medical observation 进行医学观察

网络直播

1. TikTok 抖音

2. social media influencer 网红

3. direct broadcast 直播

4. network anchor 网络主播

5. direct broadcasting room 直播间

6. online platform 网络平台

7. social media 社交媒体

8. streaming online 在线直播

9. follow/unfollow 关注/取关

10. flood/explode the screen 刷屏

11. attract followers 圈粉

科技与创新

1. innovation 创新

2. shopping online 网购

3. high-speed railway 高铁

4. artificial intelligence （AI） 人工智能

5. 5G technology 5G技术

6. big data 大数据

7. ability to innovate 创新能力

冬奥会

1. volunteer 志愿者

2. Winter Olympic Games 冬奥会

3. be proud of... 以……为豪

4. a feast for... 一场……的盛宴

5.unprecedented opportunities 前所未有的机会

6. host country 主办国家；东道主

（二）写作词汇运用（悉其用）

根据汉语提示或用所给单词的正确形式完成句子。

1. The development of science and technology has______________（带来） many changes in people's lives.

2.Through the study of_____________（人工智能）, it can resolve some scientific problems.

3. He is not only a_____________（网红）, but also a teacher.

4. An increasing number of experts believe that_____________（移 民） will exert positive effects on the construction of city.

5. However, this opinion is now______________（question） by more and more city residents, who complain that the migrants have brought many serious problems like crime and drugs.

6. Any government which_____________（忽视） this point, may pay a heavy price. （blind）

7. It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to face the dangers of_____________（挨饿） and exposure.

8. In the last decades,_______________（先进） in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.

9. Environmental experts point out that the increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as_____________（全球变暖） but also could threaten to end human life on our planet.

10. Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to_____________（持续转暖） for decades or centuries.

（三）核心句型表达（精于表）

根据要求翻译下列句子。

1. 低碳生活指在生活的各个方面尽量减少所耗费的能量，从而降低二氧化碳的排放量。

译法一： （含so as to结构的目的状语）

译法二： （定语从句）

2. 我们应该养成良好的生活习惯，尽量不用一次性纸杯，这样可以防止树木被砍伐。

译法一：（并列句）

译法二：（现在分词作结果状语）

3. 我们应该重视生活中容易忽略的可能对环境有害的不良习惯。

译法一：（含what引导的主语从句）

译法二：（定语从句）

4. 我们有责任调整自己的生活方式，为创造更美好的生活环境做出贡献。

译法一：（含动词不定式）

译法二：（it作形式主语）

实践·主题测评

知识维度诊断评价

Ⅰ. 单句填空

1. The Internet is playing a more and more important part in our daily life, but it's___________（risk） to make friends and shop online.

2. It remains a question how we can solve the problems____________（concern） making friends online.

3. The problems that Internet has brought to us do exist,___________we have to be rational.

4. As for the government, it should take strong measures to punish those___________cheat people online.

5. When it comes to the young___________（study） further abroad, many parents hold the view that children can have more chances to receive better education.

6. The 28-year-old Li Jiaqi's maverick（特立独行的） sales technique has won him the nickname“Lipstick Brother No. 1”. Once an unassuming shop assistant___________（earn） a modest salary in Nanchang in south-east China, he now has more than 40 million followers on Douyin.

7. In today's world, the Belt and Road Initiative____________（propose） by China is a powerful economic project and a project developing international ties in various fields.

8. There is also 35-year-old Wei Ya, whose 1 April sale of a rocket launch on Taobao amazed the nation and attracted international publicity. So much so that Taobao had to issue a___________（state）to confirm the sale was real and not an April Fools' joke.

9. In view of the____________（serious） of this problem, effective measures should be taken before things get worse.

10. These days, people in growing numbers are beginning to complain that work is more stressful and less___________（leisure） than in the past.

Ⅱ. 情境写作

针对我们生活中严重的浪费现象，特别是餐饮浪费，我们应予以重视和思考。 请以此为话题，写一篇关于浪费现象的文章。 其中包括下述要点：

1. 简述生活中的浪费现象；

2. 浪费的危害；

3. 你对反对浪费的看法。注意：

1. 词数100左右;

2. 开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。

Time to stop wasting

It has been well acknowledged that wasting is a worrying phenomenon among the public.