新闻报道的写作策略

山东菏泽单县第一中学 邓 霞

◎情境呈现

（2020年山东卷）假定你是李华, 上周日你校举办了5公里越野赛跑活动。 请你为校英文报写一篇报道, 内容包括：

1. 参加人员；

2. 跑步路线：从校门口到南山脚下；

3. 活动反响。

注意：写作词数应为80左右。

A Cross-Country Running Race

◎写作导引

一、文体分析

今年的山东高考小作文一改往日的书信形式，出现了新闻报道，这使很多学生措手不及，主要是大家平时没有练过这种文体。

新闻报道实际上是叙述类文本的一种，它以事实为依据，用简明扼要的文字把发生的事件陈述、报道出来。在新闻报道中，主体时态应为一般过去时。虽然新闻报道会因报道内容的不同有不同的侧重点，但在模式上还是有规律可循的，它们通常会采用“倒金字塔式”的结构，把核心的信息放在导语中。 其结构一般为：

1. 标题：对新闻的概括、提炼或浓缩。

2. 导语：首段，往往是一句话，即全文的主题句（topic sentence），一般是点明事件（what）、时间（when）、地点（where）与人物（who）。 如果是一项活动，往往用in order to...说明目的。

3. 正文：详细记叙事件的过程和细节的部分，是新闻报道的主体。 语言一般简练、精确、易懂。

4. 尾段：谈论活动或事件的反响、评价或意义。 但应注意的是，对事件的评价一般不是由新闻报道人发出，而是引用第三方的观点。

5. 落款或署名。 也可没有。

写作模板

活动类:标题In order to enhance students' physical quality, our school organized a（n）_______(活动) at______(地点) on______(时间).First of all,________, and then________(活动介绍). Finally,______________.We benefited a lot. Not only did it_______， it also_______.What a（n）_________activity! We are in the hope that the school will carry out more similar activities in the future.导语→交代事件、时间、地点、人物和目的。正文→活动过程。结尾→活动的意义和反响。

二、素材搜索

本次写作的话题属于日常活动。 与学生有关的日常活动主要包括学习、体育锻炼、阅读、写作、校园赛事与师生交往等。 本次写作属于“体育锻炼”的范围。

1. 话题词汇

meaningful 有意义的

race 赛跑

campus life 校园生活

go hiking 去远足

relax 放松

organize a cross-country running race 组织一次越野赛跑活动

nature自然

take photos 拍照

take part in 参加

participate in 参加

get first place 获得第一名

set out/set off 出发

get together 聚集

feel tired/excited 感到疲倦/兴奋

make it eight in the morning 把时间定在上午八点

arrive in/at 到达

build a positive attitude towards life 建立积极的生活态度

2. 写作佳句

●活动目的和事件

（1）为了丰富我们的校园生活，上周日学校举办了一次5千米越野赛跑活动。

→In order to enrich our campus life, our school organized a 5 km cross-country running race last Sunday.

→With the intention of enriching our campus life, our school organized a 5 km cross-country running race last Sunday.

（2）为了增强学生的身体素质，我们学校组织了一次“校园劳动周”活动。

In order to enhance students' physical quality, our school organized a “Campus Labor Week”activity.

（3）为了鼓励学生们走进自然，我们学校组织了一次登山活动。

In order to encourage the students to get close to nature, our school organized a mountain-climbing activity.

●活动内容

（1）劳动周是5月15日至19日。 第一天有劳动技能课，我们从中受益匪浅。 修剪树木和浇花很受高一学生欢迎。

It was held from May 15th to 19th in our school. Some lectures on labor skills were given on the first day, from which we benefited a lot. Cutting trees and watering flowers were attractive to Senior One.

（2）参加者9点从学校门口出发，穿过人民公园，最后到达南山脚下。

Participants set out at 9：00 am from the gate of the school, raced through the Renmin Park, and finally arrived at the foot of Nanshan Mountain.

（3）今天是5月10号，我们学校组织了一次郊游活动——爬大青山，这座山离我们学校大约50公里。

Today is May 10th, and our school organized an outing for us—climbing Daqing Mountain, which is about fifty kilometers away from our school.

（4）我们6点出发，花了4个多小时才到那儿。

We set off early at six in the morning and it took us more than four hours to get there.

（5）通常，我们上午进行2个小时的活动，大约从8：00到10：00.

We generally have 2 hours of activities in the morning roughly from 8：00 to 10：00.

●活动的意义

（1）这项活动对我们很有益处。

The activity benefited us a lot./The activity was of great benefit to us./The activity was very beneficial to us.

（2）除了学到知识外，我们也学会了与别人合作，并且意识到了合作的重要性。

Apart from knowledge, we also learned to cooperate with each other and came to realize the importance of teamwork.

（3）这项活动不仅可以强身健体，而且增强了我们的劳动意识。

The activity not only built up our body, but also enhanced our awareness of labor.

（4）我们感觉到这项活动不仅促进了我们的身心健康，而且帮助我们树立了积极的人生态度。

We felt that not only did the event improve our physical and psychological quality, but it also helped us build a positive attitude towards life.

（5）毫无疑问，这项活动不仅能丰富我们的学校生活，而且为我们提供了学习更多日常实践技能的机会。

Undoubtedly, not only can this event enrich our school life but also offer us opportunities to learn more daily practical skills!

（6）尽管很累，但我们深感自豪，因为我们所做的事情不仅仅给别人带去了快乐，也丰富了自己的人生。

Tired as we were, we felt so proud, for what we did not only brought joy to others, but also enriched our own lives.

●结尾

希望我们学校今后多举行这样的活动。

→We are in the hope that our school will carry out more similar activities in the future.

→We do hope that our school will carry out more similar activities in the future.

3. 审题立意

文体 新闻报道——越野赛跑活动1. 参加人员2. 跑步路线：从校门口到南山脚下3. 活动反响时态运用 以一般过去时为主篇幅要求 80词左右（有效区间为64～96词）人称使用 第一人称写作要点

◎参考范文

A Cross-Country Running Race

To enrich our campus life, our school organized a 5 km cross-country running race last Sunday.Ninety students from twenty classes participated in the race, among whom thirty were girls.Participants set out at 9：00 am from the gate of the school, raced through the Renmin Park, and finally reached the foot of Nanshan Mountain. After the race, we felt that not only did the event improve our physical and psychological quality,but it also helped us build a positive attitude towards life.

We do hope that more similar activities will be carried out in the future.

◎写作评估

15 items for self-checking for my writing Items 1. Was my style appropriate for writing a report?2. Did I employ a proper and clear structure to complete my report?3. Did I use a plain but concise language to cover the activity?4. Did I use appropriate and accurate language instead of exaggerated language to evaluate the event so that the report seems to be objective enough?Yes or no Why How to improve

（续表）

◎类文加练

新华中学近期组织了“校园劳动周”(Campus Labor Week)活动。 假定你是学校英语报记者，请就该活动写一篇简短的英文报道。 内容包括:

1. 活动的时间与地点；

2. 活动的过程；

3. 活动感受。注意:

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。