芬兰JKMM建筑师事务所

Asmo Jaaksi

Teemu Kurkela

Samuli Miettinen

Juha Mäki-Jyllilä

事务所简介

JKMM创立于1998年，四位创始合伙人阿斯默·雅克西、郭泰睦、萨莫利·米尔蒂能和尤哈·玛奇·吉利亚当时还是学生，因为赢得了一项大型建筑设计竞赛而创办了事务所。他们现在仍在指导事务所的创造性设计工作，帕伊维·美若能和泰莫·托伊沃是他们新的合伙人。JKMM团队一直在扩展，但他们仍然像一个大家庭一样一起合作。

建筑职业日益国际化，从业者们将技能输出到世界各地。因此，建筑“全球风格”雏形初现。JKMM密切关注这些新进展，同时也不忘坚持自己作为北欧风格设计师的初心。

他们的理想或价值观在幼时就已经根深蒂固，并在日后成就了他们。他们致力于通过建筑反映团结和开放的社会意识，解决实际常见问题。即使情况错综复杂，也要把注意力集中在问题本质上。通过用料和细节来彰显精湛工艺。

他们寻求精神上的共鸣，也对建筑过程细节和建筑技术质量严格把关。他们认为设计应服务于人，正如阿尔瓦·阿尔托常说的那样，设计的核心是“普通人”。所以他们格外关注建筑整体，并设立内部团队帮助他们创造出更引人入胜的设计。此外，设计并不是可有可无，它是人们福祉和经济繁荣的一个基本部分。

美好的事物来自于特定的环境。他们的建筑设计理念源于客户的愿景以及他们所处的物理和社会环境。他们的设计深受北欧现代主义风格的影响，这在国内外都是一种优势，因为这意味着建筑是存在真正的起源的。

特定地区的建筑师都希望在新的地区重新审视他们的设计原点，跟他们进行合作，令人振奋的事情将会出现。历史经验也证明了这一点，外地输入建筑的本地化诠释给人们带来了引人注目且深受喜爱的建筑。在JKMM，作为来自赫尔辛基的建筑师，在当今的相似交流中看到了巨大的机遇。

幸福的建筑配方

JKMM致力于设计具有社会责任感的建筑。他们设计能增加社会幸福度的建筑。芬兰是世界上最幸福的国家，但是幸福从社会的何处而来呢？

可持续发展社会的基石是由商业和技术，文化、知识和健康是下一个层次。可持续发展社会的最高水平就是幸福，幸福是JKMM在设计可持续发展的社会时希望达到的目标。

建筑师一直是创造芬兰的幸福建筑的关键 。芬兰JKMM建筑师事务所在过去的20多年间持续地设计建造着芬兰式的幸福建筑。

设计理念

师法自然：芬兰是被自然环绕的国家，从芬兰首都赫尔辛基市中心步行15分钟就可以接近纯净的湖泊岛屿及原始的森林，大自然所蕴含的各种形态及丰富创造是他们设计的灵感来源。

人性化设计：建筑需要尊重包括小人儿的需求，JKMM的建筑是人性化的，并强调是为使用者而设计。在寻找新的设计方案时需要同理心，而同理心可以帮助人们解决现代社会所面临的最大挑战。

整体设计：不论设计尺度大小，JKMM都喜欢去创造整体性的空间环境。这也是为何他们将最优秀的建筑师和室内设计师整合在一个团队里，这样以确保有最好的建成效果。

少说多做：世界上可以分成两类人，一类人负责说话，一类人负责做事。JKMM愿意成为后者，最终的作品才是最重要的，这也是为何他们注重控制整个建造过程，并深入去了解材料、节点及工艺。

定制设计：JKMM没有标准的设计方法或风格，他们的设计富有创造力且灵活多变，就像爵士乐，他们为所有的项目设计定制化的方案。

直击本质：建筑竞赛以最优秀的创意取胜，在竞赛中我们试图定义及发现最本质的设计问题。他们充满热情地去寻找本质，并已创造过上百种新理念。

简洁而智慧：JKMM已经从过去的经验中学到，最好的方案通常是最简洁的方案。而简洁是在深入了解设计问题并找到智慧的解决方法后才能达到的。

事务所访谈

导报：您认为北欧建筑师心目中的设计的原始理想是什么？

Teemu：对于我和JKMM建筑事务所而言，最原始的想法是建筑应当能够增加社会幸福感。所有北欧建筑师都是为了幸福感，各自在他们所在的国家里建设基础设施。

导报：请您谈谈您心目中北欧建筑的特点。

Teemu：我认为北欧建筑师最看重这三个因素：自然、人和传统。

-尊重自然，由自然产生灵感并革新自然；

-设计源于人们的需要，目的是改善人们的生活；

-北欧建筑设计有着悠久的传统，它可以被称为“现代的遗产”。

导报：最喜欢的、对自己影响最大的建筑师是谁？

Teemu：那大概是阿尔瓦·阿尔托和路易斯·巴拉干。

导报：最近哪个建筑议题最让你关注？

Teemu：如何使用木料来建造建筑。

导报：您平时创作的灵感主要来源于哪些地方？比如创作上海世博会芬兰馆“冰壶”。

Teemu：灵感可以来自任何地方，我认为我们每个人在我们的头脑里都有一个储存过去经验的“记忆银行”。通常，在大自然里最好的想法会浮现。

导报：您的在大部分设计过程中主要的设计理念是什么？它是如何形成的？与您的工作经历和生活有没有关系？

Teemu：我认为建筑是一个能够在各尺度上体验的整体环境，从亲密度到沉浸度。这就是为什么我认为设计团队需要结合所有人的天赋：建筑师，工程师，室内设计师，平面设计师，艺术家等。

导报：您最得意的作品是哪一个项目？得意之处是什么？

Teemu：我自己的200年历史农舍翻新项目，可能因为它是我所参与的项目里有最长使用年限的那个。当然，“赫尔辛基舞蹈之家”也是近来值得关注的项目。

导报：之前在对贵事务所的资料搜集中，大概了解了一些您的项目，我们想更进一步了解事务所目前的工作情况，以及未来的专业规划。

Teemu：在JKMM，我们很开心能够接触包括博物馆，图书馆，学校等很多项目。我认为我们未来致力于关注更多的文化建筑。

导报：最近除了设计外，花最多精力的活动是什么？

Teemu：瑜伽。我几乎每天都在练习阿斯汤加瑜伽（Ashtanga Yoga）。

导报：您觉得未来城市建筑发展的趋势和潮流是什么？

Teemu：传统上，我们建设社会时只优先商业和科技。建筑是这发展中一部分，然而只是最低水平。为了社会繁荣，社区需要将拥抱文化、知识和社会福利当做更高目标。我认为当我们在建设可持续发展的社会时，幸福感应该是我们的目标。导报：您是否有一些建议给中国正在学习建筑的学生们？

Teemu：建筑学是拥有最好可能的专业，尝试每次贡献一个小细节，一个小项目。

导报：您对当今中国建筑和建筑师的看法。

Teemu：年轻有天分的中国建筑师有着巨大的潜能。

导报：您对当代世界建筑发展状况的看法。

Teemu：我们正在经历和病毒搏斗的艰难时期。接下来，可能是时候去重新衡量我们的价值体系了。我希望“幸福”会成为国家政策和城市发展的目标。

Firm Pro fiIe

JKMM was founded in 1998 after the four founders, at the time still students, won a major architectural competition. Asmo Jaaksi, Teemu Kurkela, Samuli Miettinen and Juha Mäki-Jyllilä still guide the creative work at JKMM. Päivi Meuronen and Teemu Toivio are our new partners. JKMM is growing, but we still work together as a big family.

Architecture is increasingly an international profession with practitioners exporting their skills around the world. As a result, there is now a recognisable “global style” of architecture. At JKMM, we follow such developments closely whilst remaining firmly rooted in some of the long-held ideals of Scandinavian designers.

Such ideals or values were ingrained in us from an early age and continue be a part of who we are as architects. We design buildings that engender a sense of solidarity and an open society, buildings that look for practical, common sense solutions; even when complex, by focussing on the essential. Our buildings celebrate craftsmanship through their materiality and details.

Ours is an approach to architecture that is both about empathy and a concern for the nitty gritty of the construction process and the technical quality of buildings. We understand design as an inherently humane task, one that has the “little man”, as Alvar Aalto used to say, at its heart. This is why we are interested in buildings as a whole and have an interiors team who support us in our quest to make participatory and welcoming places. We also see design, not as something extra, but as a fundamental part of well-being as well as economic prosperity.

Good things come from specific circumstances. Our buildings are informed by the vision of our individual clients and by their physical and social contexts. And our work is informed by a distinctly Scandinavian sensibility. We recognise this as a strength both at home and internationally because it means the architecture has real provenance.

By working with architects who are of a particular place yet want to revisit their origins in new geographies, exciting things can happen. History tells us so and the many local interpretations of imported architecture have given us some of the most compelling and loved buildings. At JKMM, as architects from Helsinki, we see great opportunity in similar exchanges today.

Recipes for Happiness

JKMM aims to make architecture with social responsibility. They design buildings,which can help to increase happiness society. Finland is the happiest country in the world. But where does happiness come from in society?

The base level of sustainable society is built by business and technology. Culture,Knowledge and Wellbeing are the next, higher level. The highest level of sustainable society is happiness.

Happiness is the goal we aim to achieve when designing a sustainable society.Architects has been the key in creating infrastucture for happiness in Finland. JKMM Architects have been building Finnish happiness for more than 20 years.

Design principIes

Inspired by Nature: We are surrounded by nature. In Helsinki, our capital, you can find archipelagos and forests just 15 minutes from the city center. The shapes and innovations of mother nature inspire us in our design work.

Human touch: Architecture should always respect the “small person”. Our buildings share a human touch and they are crated for people. Empathy is needed to develop new solutions and it can help solve the key challenges of our society.

Total design: We like to create holistic environments no matter the scale. This is why we put the best architects and interior architects on the same team to ensure the best end results.

Less talk: The world is dived into two groups: those who do the talk, and those who get stuff done. We believe in latter. The built work is what counts the most. This is why we focus on mastering the constructions process, understanding the materials,details, craftsmanship.

Tailor made: We don’t use standard methods and styles. Our approach is creative and flexible, just like jazz music. We create a bespoke solution for every one of our projects.Hidden essential: Architectural competitions are won by the best concepts. In competitions, we aim to define and discover the essential. We have created hundreds of new concepts, we have a passion for hidden essential.

Simple and intelligent: We have learnt to recognize the good idea because they are usually the most simple ones. Simplicity is achieved through a deep understanding of the problem and an intelligent approach to solving it.

An Interview with JKMM

WARA: What do you think is the original ideal of design in the minds of Nordic architects?

Teemu: For me and JKMM Architects, the original idea is that architecture should increase happiness in the society. All Nordic architects are building infrastructure for happiness, each in their own country.

WARA: Could you tell us the characteristics of Nordic architecture in your mind?

Teemu: I think Nordic architecture values these three: nature, people and tradition:

-respecting nature, being inspired by nature and innovating with nature

-design starts with needs of people, aims to improve their life

-Nordic architecture has a long tradition of making modern design and architecture, it can be called ”modern heritage"

WARA: Who is your favorite architect and who has the most in fluence on you?

Teemu: Possibly Alvar Aalto and Louis Barragan.

WARA: Which architectural issue has caught your attention recently?

Teemu: How to build buildings out of timber.

WARA: Where do you usually get inspiration for your creative work? Such as creating the "curling" of the Finnish pavilion at the Shanghai World Expo.

Teemu: Inspiration can come from anywhere, I think each of us has a ”memory bank” of experiences inside our heads. Often in nature, the best ideas emerge.

WARA: What is your main design philosophy in most of the design process? How did it come about? Does it have anything to do with your work experience and life?

Teemu: I see architecture as a holistic environment that can be experienced at all scales ranging from the intimate to the immersive. This is why I think design teams should combine the talents of everyone: architects, engineers, interior designers,graphic designers, artists etc.

WARA: Which project are you most proud of? What makes you proud?

Teemu: My own 200 year old farmhouse renovation, because maybe it will have the longest life span of any project I have been involved with. Also ”House of Dance Helsinki” has been a rewarding project lately.

WARA: In the collection of your information before, We probably know some of your projects. We want to know more about your current work situation and your future professional planning.

Teemu: At JKMM, we are happy to work with many projects: Museums, libraries,schools… I think we aim to focus even more in cultural buildings in the future.

WARA: In addition to design, what activities have you spent the most energy on recently?

Teemu: Yoga, I practice ashtanga yoga almost every day.

WARA: What do you think are the trends and trends in the future development of urban architecture?

Teemu: Traditionally we build societies only prioritising business and technology.Architecture is part of this development. Yet, this is only the base level. To thrive,communities need to aim higher, towards embracing Culture, Knowledge and Wellbeing. I think the goal could be happiness when designing a sustainable society.

WARA: Do you have any suggestions for students who are studying architecture in China?

Teemu: Architecture is the best possible profession, try to make your own contribution one detail and project at the time.

WARA: What do you think of the Chinese architecture and architects today?

Teemu: There is great potential in the young talent of Chinese architects.

WARA: What do you think of the state of architecture development in the contemporary world?

Teemu: We are living through difficult times at the moment with virus. Perhaps it is time to re-evaluate our values next. I hope ”Happiness" could become the goal of public policy and how to develop cities.

2020迪拜世博会芬兰馆，阿拉伯联合酋长国迪拜 Finland Pavilion DUBAI EXPO 2020, Dubai, The United Arab Emirates