单项填空从句考点解法点拨

◆周燕华

单项填空对从句的考查侧重关系词、连接词的选择，做题时要学会作以下几个判断：

1.判断题干是否包含从句

判断题干是否包含从句很简单，就是找句中有几个动词。如果题干中有两个动词，但只有一个体现了谓语特征的话，该句不含从句；如果题干有两个动词，且两个都体现了谓语特征，但句中有并列连词and、but、or的话，该句为并列句；如果题干中有两个动词，且两个都是作谓语，又没有看到and、but、or，我们就可以判断其中含有从句了。

【考题】1.I arrived at the foot of the mountain, and in front of ___________ lay a stream.

A.where B.which

C.one D.it

2.The old lady is said to have three children，two of ___________ studying abroad.

A.whom B.them

C.all D.who

3.Many young people, most ___________were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.

A.of which B.of them

C.of whom D.of those

【解析】题干1有两个谓语动词arrived和lay，但同时也有连词and，故为并列句，不含从句，空格处需要代词作主语，选D。

题干2有两个动词，其中is said to为谓语，studying是现在分词，故后面two of ___________ studying abroad为分词短语的独立主格结构，不含从句，选代词them，答案为B。

题干3有两个谓语动词，were和headed，没有并列连词，故含从句，选关系代词，答案为C。

2.判断题干中的从句是哪种从句

判断题干中的从句是哪种从句主要看主句的情况，先做一组题。

【考题】4.We live in an age ___________ more information is available with greater ease than ever before.

A.why B.when

C.to whom D.on which

5.Because of the heavy traffic, it was already time for lunch break ___________ she got to her office.

A.since B.that

C.when D.until

6.___________ Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won’t accept it.

A.That B.Why

C.Where D.How

【解析】题干4主句语法结构完整，但意义不明确，判断需要定语从句。因此从句结构完整，所以选关系副词，结合句意，确定选when，答案为B。

题干5主句语法结构完整，意义也明确，但整个句子的意义不明确，判断考查状语从句，根据句意，选择when，答案为C。

题干6主句语法结构不完整，is known to the public前面缺少主语，判断此句包含名词性从句，结合句意，选择where，答案为C。

3.判断从句中缺少什么成分

从句语法结构如果不完整，比如说缺少主语、宾语成分，选择关系代词或疑问代词；从句语法结构完整，不缺少主语、宾语的话，则选择关系副词或疑问副词，在从句中充当状语成分。

【考题】7.She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students ___________ allows them to communicate freely with each other.

1)太阳光源属于平行光光源，在 ArcGIS三维空间分析工具中，山体阴影工具，模拟的是太阳平行线光源。符合日照分析要求。因此，采用山体阴影工具(Hillshade)进行日照分析。

A.which B.where

C.what D.who

8.Creating an atmosphere ___________ employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.

A.as B.whose

C.that D.where

【解析】题干7从句缺少主语，故应选关系代词，先行词为atmosphere，故选which，答案为A。

题干8从句结构完整，故应该关系副词，先行词为atmosphere，表示地点，故选where，答案为D。

4.判断是否同位语从句

对于“名词+that”结构，可以尝试在名词和that之间加上be动词，如果能构成一个意思上说得通的句子，则是同位语从句，否则是定语从句。

A.whether B.that

C.which D.what

10.We are committed to creating a world free from the homeless and the hopeless, a world _________ each and every corner is a true paradise.

A.that B.which

C.of which D.from where

【解析】题干9中，we should have an assistant即为suggestion的内容，故为同位语从句，从句结构和意义都完整，故选that，答案为B。

题干10 中，我们不能说the world is that each and every is a true paradise（应该是each and every corner of the world is a true paradise），故此处不是同位语从句，而是定语从句，从句结构完整，应选关系副词，结合句意，选where，答案为A。

5.判断是否是强调句型

要弄清这个问题其实很简单，抓住一点就好了。我们可以先假定句子是强调句型，把“It is/was ...that”去掉，如果句子意思通顺，就是强调句型，如果翻译不通，可以考虑是否为名词性从句。

【考题】11.You are waiting at a wrong place.It is at the hotel ___________ the coach picks up tourists.

12.We’ll gather at a hotel.It is the hotel ___________ the coach picks up tourists.

A.who B.which

C.where D.that

13.—I’ve read another book this week.

—Well, maybe ___________ is not how much you read but what you read that counts.

A.this B.that

C.there D.it

【解析】题干11将it is 和空格去掉，句子变为the coach picks up tourists at the hotel，句子结构完整，意义明确，故题干为强调句型，选择that，答案为D。

题干12将it is和空格去掉，句子变为the hotel和the coach picks up tourists，没法构成结构和意义都完整的句子，故题干不是强调句型，而是包含了一个定语从句，从句结构完整，故选关系副词，先行词为hotel，选表示地点的where，答案为C。

题干13将空格和后面的is、that去掉，句子变为not how much you read but what you read counts（重要的不是你读了多少书，而是你读了些什么书），句子结构和意义都完整，故题干为强调句型，选it，答案为D。