主题语境十三：娱乐与运动

四川双流中学 蒋建平（特级教师）

感知·素养解读

体育运动和娱乐成了人们日常生活，乃至政治、经济活动中不可或缺的一部分。2020年的高考试卷关注体育运动，倡导健康运动理念。

课标中“娱乐与运动”主题涉及的主要内容有：（1）Movies and theater；（2）Music and dance（folkmusicanddance，popularmusicand classical music）； （3）Team games （football，basketball，volleyball，etc．）；（4）Games of two or four（table tennis，tennis，golf，etc．）； （5）Racing （running，swimming，horse racing，etc．）； （6）International sports events （Olympic Games，World Cup，Football League，etc．）；（7）Spectators and fans；（8）Physical exercises。

“娱乐与运动”主题书面表达体裁较为灵活，一般为记叙文、说明文、议论文、通知、演讲稿等。常用的时态有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时、过去完成时等。

关于“娱乐与运动”主题的写作常有以下几个命题角度：

1.介绍某种娱乐与体育运动项目或影视节目；

2.写信申请要成为2022年北京冬季奥运会的志愿者；

3.假如你是志愿者，请向外国人介绍2022年北京冬奥会的吉祥物和会徽；

4.介绍乒乓球（table tennis）或体操（gymnastics）的起源、竞赛方式、项目、比赛规则等；

5.介绍中国的民族乐器二胡的起源、发展历史、材质等；

6.请就“音乐对青少年的成长的影响”发表看法；

7.请就“明星的志愿行为”发表看法。

探索·语库构建

语境串记

Focus on the Olympic spirit of participation

Everybody loves a winner．Across the world，countries greet their Olympic gold medalists with joy and acclaim．In Singapore，Joseph Schooling，the city-state's first ever gold medalist，has become a national hero and 1．______（greet） with a standing ovation in parliament．In the US，the extraordinary gymnast，Simone Biles，2．____has won four gold medals in Rio，has become the face of the Games．Meanwhile，the British were astonished and delighted to find Team GB，3．____（head） into the last weekend of the Olympics，in second place in the medal table．

Yet amid all this 4．_____（celebrate）of triumph and victory，it is important to remember the words of Pierre de Coubertin，the 5．_____（found） of the modern Olympics，who said，“The most important thing in the Olympic Games is not winning 6．_____taking part．”

The truth is that any athlete who has made it to the Olympics—let alone 7．_____Olympic final—has achieved something remarkable．Simply to be 8．______（qualify） for the Games requires enormous levels of dedication and effort．That，in turn，makes it even 9．_____（hard） to accept defeat with good grace．Those athletes who remain true to the spirit of Coubertin，despite all these 10．____（pressure），are just as inspirational as the winners of gold medals．

聚焦“重在参与”的奥运精神

人人都爱胜利者。世界各地的国家都以喜悦和欢呼声迎接他们的奥运冠军。在新加坡，这个城邦有史以来第一位奥运金牌得主约瑟林成了民族英雄，在议会受到了集体起立鼓掌欢迎。在美国，这个出类拔萃的体操运动员——里约奥运会4块金牌得主西蒙·拜尔斯，成了奥运会的象征。与此同时，英国人惊讶、欣喜地发现，到了奥运会的最后一个周末，英国代表队在奥运金牌榜上竟然排名第二。

不过，在庆祝成功与胜利之际，重要的是记住现代奥运会创始人皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦曾经说的话：“奥林匹克运动会最重要的不是取胜，而是参与。”

事实上，任何一个参加奥运会的运动员——更不用说进入奥运会决赛的运动员——都已经取得了令人瞩目的成绩。单单取得奥运会参赛资格，便需要巨大的投入和努力。因此，以良好的风度接受失败更显难能可贵。那些在压力之下仍然坚持顾拜旦精神的运动员，和金牌得主一样鼓舞人心。

素材积累

一、阅读词汇整合（明其义）

【核心单词】

1.conduct v.指挥；引导；带领

conductor n.指挥

2.admit v.承认；准许(入场、入学、入会)

admission n.准许加入

3.perform v.表演

performance n.演出；表演

performer n.演员；表演者

4.direct v.导演；指挥

director n.导演；指挥者

5.act v.扮演 n.（戏剧的）一幕

actor n.男演员

actress n.女演员

6.compete v.竞争；参加比赛

competitor n.竞争者；对手

competition n.比赛；竞争

7.amused adj.逗乐的

amusing adj.有乐趣的；逗人笑的

8.entertain v.招待；使快乐；使感兴趣

entertaining adj.有趣的；使人愉快的

entertainment n.娱乐

9.stage舞台；戏剧

10.interval幕间休息

11.audience听众；观众

12.interpret演绎

13.concert音乐会

14.live现场直播的

15.pretend装扮

16.character角色；性格；特征

17.clap鼓掌

【高频短语】

1.stand for代表

2.put on上演

3.give up放弃

4.burst into突然爆发

5.take the lead领先；一马当先

6.hold one's breath屏住呼吸

7.build up one's body增强某人的体质

【主题整合】

音乐类型

1.rap说唱音乐

2.blues布鲁斯音乐

3.rock摇滚音乐

4.folk民间音乐

5.jazz爵士乐

6.country music乡村音乐

7.popular/pop通俗的；流行的（音乐）

8.classical古典的（音乐）

9.symphony交响乐；交响曲

10.opera歌剧

影视类型

1.documentary纪录片

2.action movie动作片

3.cartoon卡通片；动画片

4.comedy喜剧

5.tragedy悲剧

6.horror恐怖片

7.thriller惊险电影

8.detective film侦探电影

运动项目

1.marathon马拉松

2.boxing拳击

3.rugby橄榄球

4.badminton羽毛球

5.baseball棒球

6.wrestling摔跤

7.skiing滑雪

8.skating滑冰

9.shooting射击

10.diving跳水

11.gymnastics体操

体育比赛

1.judge裁判

2.referee裁判员

3.athlete运动员

4．race 竞争；赛跑

5．tournament锦标赛

6．league 联赛；联盟

7．defend 防守

8．victory胜利

9．defeat/beat击败；战胜

10．prize 奖品；奖金

11．medal奖牌；奖章

12．cheer欢呼；喝彩

13．break the record 打破纪录

14．end in a tie不分胜负；打成平局

二、写作词汇运用（悉其用）

根据汉语提示或用所给单词的正确形式完成句子。

1．Researchers acknowledge that certain types of music can aid _____________ （relax） by lowering heart rates and blood pressure．

2．_____________（除了） improving creativity，learning music cultivates many skills that will continue to be useful to your children throughout their lives．

3．Learning a musical instrument will help your children develop concentration，patience and perseverance，which will help them later in life____________（面对困难与挑战）．

4．The______________（encourage） of a teacher and the enthusiasm of parents will certainly build up a child's sense of pride and confidence．

5．There are many benefits of taking physical exercise．Firstly，physical exercise can help to protect us from disease and______________（增强体质）．Secondly，it can also make us relaxed and happy．

6．Enjoying artistic gymnastics requires silence and mobile phones are not allowed in shooting centers，because the noises you make will certainly_____________（分散运动员注意力），which will cause them to fail in the game．

7．Recently our school held a basketball game between teachers and students to improve the relationship between us．It____________（结果证明）to be an unforgettable experience．

8．As an athlete，if I were____________（annoy） by the audiences，I would be unhappy and upset．

9．I might even play badly and finally lost the game．Besides，I would______________（投诉） to the referee about the noises．

10．Athletes from our school team have won many gold medals of table tennis contests in recent years and the coaching team is also very_____________（专业的）．

三、核心句型表达（精于表）

根据要求翻译下列句子。

1．我因为惊讶于他们娴熟的球技，所以下定决心要变得和他们一样厉害。

译法一：（含原因状语从句）

译法二：（过去分词作原因状语）

2．他们不仅违反了观众行为准则，而且他们的不良行为也会导致运动员在比赛中失败。

译法一：（用not only．．．but also句型）

译法二：（倒装句）

3．我已成功入选第十四届全运会志愿者，这次全运会计划在八月底举办。

译法一：（并列句）

译法二：（含非限制性定语从句）

4．毋庸置疑，早睡早起对我们的健康很有益处。

译法一：（用It goes without saying that．．．句型）

译法二：（用There is no doubt that．．．句型）

实践·主题测评

知识维度诊断评价

Ⅰ．单句填空

1．The picture shows that five rings____________（link） together to represent the sporting friendship of all people．

2．The flame of the Olympic Games____________（symbol） the continuity between the ancient and modern games．

3．The Olympic Games are an international sports festival___________（hold） every four years．

4．He's going to talk about___________is the right person you can find to produce your music．

5．Her joy in winning a bronze medal demonstrated that there are ways to win worldwide respect that do not___________（necessary） involve winning a gold．

6．That demonstration of how to cope with___________（disappoint） was an example not just to other athletes，but to all those who strive to achieve a goal，in any field，and fall just short．

7．Tokyo 2020 organizers released a new Olympic logo____________（feature） traditional Japanese designs on Monday，seven months after they were forced to drop the original one over accusations of copying．

8．____________（compose） of three varieties of rectangular shapes，the design represents different countries，cultures and ways of thinking．

9．This is a good chance for anyone__________wants to learn how to do comedy．

10．Charlotte Stone will perform songs from her new best-selling CD，with James Pickering___________the piano．

Ⅱ.单句改错

1．We're bringing you a exciting evening of live rock and pop music from the best local bands．

2．The workshop looks at every kind of comedy，and practices many different ways of make people laugh．

3．Students interested in working for the Athletic Department should contact with the Athletic Coordinator at their respective （各自的）campuses．

4．This camp，that will open in the Summer Palace on July 20th，offers us teenagers a chance to enjoy sports and learn about Chinese culture．

5．Students in this position will be keeping lively statistics during basketball games．

Ⅲ．情境写作

以“以德树人，文化圆梦”为主题的第十四届校园艺术节晚会于今日闭幕。请给你校的校报Campus Today写一篇短文，报道晚会的情况。短文的要点如下：

1．晚会概况；

2．节目简介；

3．对演出的评价。

注意：

1．词数100左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：以德树人，文化圆梦 virtuous campus，cultural dreams

（主题语境十三：素养维度发展评价，见第51～52页）