刘军：足尖上的梦

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刘军

Liu Jun

国家一级导演，享受国务院特殊津贴专家，市舞蹈家协会副主席，市三八红旗手，国家艺术基金复审验收评委。曾获瑞士洛桑国际芭蕾舞比赛银奖，现任重庆芭蕾舞团团长兼艺术总监，其创排的杂技剧《天鹅湖》入选“国家舞台艺术十大精品”，原创《追寻香格里拉》获重庆市“五个一工程”奖、第五届全国少数民族文艺会演剧目银奖。

Liu Jun is a national first-class director, an expert enjoying special subsidies from the State Council, a vice-chairman of the Municipal Dancers Association,a municipal March 8th Red-banner Holder and a judge for review and acceptance of China National Arts Fund. She has won the Silver Award in Prix de Lausanne, Switzerland and is currently the head and artistic director of Chongqing Ballet Theater. Her acrobatic play Swan Lake was selected as the"Top Ten National Stage Arts" . Pursuing Shangri-La, her original work won the Five-One Project Awards in Chongqing and the Silver Award in drama at the 5th National Minority Art Festivals.

2013 年5 月3 日，刘军特地来到解放碑，坐在解放碑的梯坎上，听解放碑的钟声。

刘军说，这是一次圆梦，解放碑的孩子阔别家乡多年，回到这里就想听听那熟悉的钟声。

这一天，也是《追寻香格里拉》在国泰大剧院上演的日子，它是刘军回到重庆后创排的第一部原创现代芭蕾舞剧。

10 岁当兵离开家乡，33 年之后，刘军2012 年以一个舞蹈家的身份回到重庆，成立了西部地区首个芭蕾舞团，开始用足尖抒写着另一个华章。

On May 3, 2013, Liu Jun came to Jiefangbei specially and sat on the stair, listening to the bell sounds.

01 刘军在柏林国家剧院演出剧照

02 刘军10 岁那年的军装照

"It is my old dream. When returned to my native place after so many years, I do want to listen to the bell sounds in Jiefangbei." Liu Jun said.

This day is also the day whenPursuing Shangri-Lais staged at Cathay Theater, which is the first original modern ballet created by Liu Jun after returning to Chongqing.

Thirty-three years ago, Liu Jun joined the army and left hometown at the age of ten. In 2012, she returned to Chongqing as a dancer and founded the first ballet company in the western region, stepping into a new brilliant life stage with ballet.

芭蕾舞者的完美要求 Ballerina’s Standard for Perfection

12 月3 日，岁尾之际，我们来到了位于南岸区烟雨路的重庆芭蕾舞团。

推开重庆芭蕾舞团的玻璃大门，顺着木质楼梯走下楼，一步步靠近练功房，脚尖与地板的摩擦声，演员排练的急促呼吸声，音乐明快的节奏声，渐渐清晰起来。

刘军正在指导演员们排练《死水微澜》。这个重庆芭蕾舞团的原创节目，早在2016 年就成为国家艺术基金大型舞台资助项目。

近40 年的芭蕾舞经历，让刘军保持着优美的体型，清瘦、挺拔。一袭黑大衣配上彩色丝巾，头发高高挽起，化着淡妆，正是人们心目中优雅完美的舞者形象。

尽管这个作品已日臻完善，但刘军对演员们的要求依然一丝不苟。作为艺术总监，她连舞台灯光位置，音乐播放时间，甚至演员的发饰，都要求精细到极致。

极致的美，意味着绝对的严苛。

刘军还记得，小时候练习芭蕾舞时脚曾经受伤，但她还是忍着疼痛一直练习，从未缺课。后来去医院检查才发现，自己的脚发生了骨裂，而让医生都觉得不可思议的是，骨裂的地方已经自动愈合了。

On December 3, the ending of the year, we came to Chongqing Ballet Theater in Yanyu Road, Nan'an District.

Pushing open its glass gate, step by step up the wooden stairs to the training room, sound of toes rubbing against the floor, rapid breathing of actors in rehearsing and lively rhythm of music gradually became louder.

Liu Jun was guiding the dancers to rehearseRipple on StagnantWater. It is an original program of Chongqing Ballet Theater and has became a large-scale stage project funded by China National Arts Fund as early as 2016.

03 刘军讲述她的逐梦故事

Liu Jun still has the body of ballerina, a graceful, slim and upright physique that she vigilantly maintained for nearly 40 years of ballet dancing. Dressed in a black overcoat and a colorful silk scarf, she is lightly made up and her hair is pulled up high, she has the perfect image of an elegant dancer.

Although this work has been improving day by day, Liu Jun still gives dancers meticulous guidance. As an artistic director, she even make requests on position of stage lighting, playing time of music as well as hair accessories of the dancers, so as to present the best to the audience.

Extreme beauty means absolute harshness.

Liu Jun still remembers that her foot was injured when she was practicing ballet in childhood, but she still endured the pain and practiced all the time and never missed class. Later, she went to the hospital for examination and found that her foot had a bone fracture. To the doctor's surprise, the fracture had healed automatically.

芭蕾舞梦的艰难抉择 The Difficult Choice of Ballet Dream

如果没有成为一名芭蕾舞者，刘军或许会拥有另外一种人生。

04 舞蹈练功房里，刘军指导演员排练

在她办公室的书架上，摆放着一张黑白照片。照片上，一个小女孩穿着军装，稚嫩的面庞透露着骄傲。

照片里的小姑娘正是刘军，那时她10 岁，刚刚成为一名军人。

当一名军人，这首先源于父亲的一个梦想。当中学教师的父亲一直对部队有着特殊的情结，1969 年女儿出生时才有了“刘军”这个名字。

刘军10 岁那年，父亲卖掉了自己的手表，又向亲戚借了5 块钱，带着她坐了两天两夜的绿皮火车来到了北京，报考北京军区战友文工团。

“那是我一辈子都值得骄傲的事。”成为文艺兵的刘军年纪小，个子也小，只有1.36 米，最小的四号军装都穿不下，军队专门给她量身定做了一套军装。“这张照片，就是我第一次穿军装时拍下的，一直带在身边。”

在部队，刘军接受了专业的舞蹈训练。几年后，她被选派到北京舞蹈学院附中学习古典芭蕾。

15 岁那年，附中还没有毕业，刘军就被英国皇家芭蕾舞学校挑中，成为了一名交换生，在英国接受最顶尖的芭蕾训练。

“英国皇家舞蹈学校校长默尔·帕克，是我芭蕾舞学习生涯里很重要的老师。老师当年对我说，‘你是我见过跳芭蕾最好的学生，未来一定要好好努力。’”刘军一直把这句鼓励记在心里。

16 岁那年刘军学成回国，第二年成为北京舞蹈学院第一届芭蕾舞专业的大学生，并代表中国参加了瑞士洛桑国际芭蕾舞比赛，拿到了银奖。

这是她的第一个国际大奖。此时，她面临着人生第一个十字路口：继续在部队当文艺兵，还是进一步深造。

“这是一个艰难的决定，我犹豫再三还是选择了退伍，并申请到德国法兰克福音乐和艺术大学留学。”23 岁时，刘军成为德国柏林国家芭蕾舞团250 年历史中的首位亚洲籍演员。

If she hadn't become a ballet dancer, Liu Jun might have had another life.

A black-and-white photo on the bookshelf in her office is a little girl in a military uniform with a proud face.

The little girl is Liu Jun, who was 10 years old at that time and had just become a soldier.

Being a soldier first comes from her father's dream. Her father was a middle school teacher, but he always had a special interest in the military, which is why he named his daughter Liu Jun when she was born in 1969.

When Liu Jun was 10 years old, her father sold his watch and borrowed another 5 yuan from relatives, taking Liu Jun to Beijing on a green train for two days and two nights to apply for the Comrades' Art Ensemble of Beijing Military Region.

"That is something I should be proud of all my life." Liu Jun said. When she joined the army, she was young and small, only 1.36 meters. As she could not wear the smallest No.4 military uniform, the army specially tailored a military uniform for her. This photo was taken when I first put on my uniform. I carried it with me all these years."

In the army, Liu Jun received professional dance training. A few years later, she was selected to study classical ballet to The Affiliated Secondary School of Beijing Dance Academy.

At the age of 15, before graduating from the Affiliated Secondary School, Liu Jun was chosen by the Royal Academy of Dance as an exchange student and received the top ballet training in Britain.

"Merle Park, principal of the Royal School of Dance, had an important influence on my ballet career." She ever said to me, 'You are the best ballet student I have ever seen, and you must work hard in the future.'" Liu Jun imprinted this encouragement in her heart.

At the age of 16, Liu Jun returned to China after completing her studying. In the following year she became one of the first college students majoring in ballet at Beijing Dance Academy and won the silver award in Prix de Lausanne as a Chinese ballerina.

It is her first international award. At that time, she came to the first crossroad in her life: whether to stay in the army as a literary and art soldier or choose to further study.

"That was a difficult decision. After much hesitation, I decided to retire from the army and applied for the opportunity to further my studies at The Frankfurt University of Music and Performing Arts in Germany." At the age of 23, Liu Jun became the first Asian ballerina in the 250-year history of the German Berlin State Ballet.

芭蕾舞出民族情怀 National Feelings in Ballet

在德国柏林国家芭蕾舞团跳了12年芭蕾舞，刘军在专业上得到了很大的锻炼和提升，但回国的念头也越来越强烈。

“就算我把《天鹅湖》里的天鹅跳到极致，也只是一名舞蹈演员。对我来说，更重要的是用芭蕾这一舞蹈形式，展现中国人的情感、价值观。”在德国期间，刘军参与编导了广州军区战士杂技团的杂技芭蕾《天鹅湖》，“当时，这场杂技芭蕾在德国很轰动，站票都卖完了。”

这次经历，让刘军深受触动，她渐渐意识到，富有自己民族特色的芭蕾艺术才最有魅力。此后，她一直在思考，中国芭蕾舞如何从中国文化中汲取养分，如何用芭蕾这一西方古典艺术诠释中华民族的故事。

2012 年，中国西部唯一的芭蕾舞团——重庆芭蕾舞团成立。阔别家乡33 年后，刘军回到重庆担任了团长及艺术总监，并编导了第一部原创剧——《追寻香格里拉》。

《追寻香格里拉》以二十世纪三十年代英国作家希尔顿的小说《消失的地平线》为创作灵感，讲述了一个享尽世间繁华但又饱受现实生活压力的青年画家丹青，追寻香格里拉这一象征宁静和安详的精神高地的动人故事。

“编排最大的难度就是东西方舞蹈表达上的差异。《千手观音》《孔雀舞》等中国舞蹈，都运用了上半身的手，符合中国东方神韵。而古典芭蕾舞非常重视脚尖的力度。”刘军说，为解决这个问题，在保持芭蕾腿部特色的舞蹈基础上，在演员的双手舞蹈上增加了热巴鼓舞、弦子舞、果谐、果卓等独具特色的藏族舞蹈，扎木聂、牛角胡、巴郎鼓等藏族弹拨、弓弦、打击乐器。此外，剧目的背景也采用经幡，同时在编曲、音乐、服装上融入了藏族原生态曲调。

《追寻香格里拉》推出后引起巨大反响，目前已经演了100 多场，其中有50 多场是在国外演出。

近年来，在刘军的带领下，重庆芭蕾舞团佳作不断，融入川剧戏曲元素的《死水微澜》、结合芭蕾舞和现代舞的《山水重庆四部曲》等原创剧也在国内外收获好评。用西方的艺术形式讲述中国故事，演绎东方美感，这就是刘军的芭蕾梦。

After 12 years of ballet dancing in German Berlin State Ballet, Liu Jun has received great professional training and promotion, but the idea of returning home is getting stronger.

05 重庆芭蕾舞团的首部原创芭蕾舞剧《追寻香格里拉》

"Even if I have been the best swan inSwan Lake, I am just a ballerina. For me, the more important thing is to show the feelings and values of the Chinese people with the form of ballet." During her stay in Germany, Liu Jun participated in the choreography of Swan Lake, an acrobatic ballet by the Guangzhou Military Region Soldiers Acrobatic Troupe, which created a great sensation at that time, even standing tickets were sold out. "

This experience deeply touched Liu Jun. She gradually realized that ballet art with its own national characteristics is the most attractive. Since then, she has been thinking about how Chinese ballet draws nutrients from Chinese culture and how to interpret the story of the Chinese nation with ballet, the western classical art.

In 2012, Chongqing Ballet Theater, the only ballet company in western China, was established. After 33 years away from her hometown, Liu Jun returned to Chongqing as head and artistic director, and directed the first original play,Pursuing Shangri-La.

Inspired by Hilton's novel Lost Horizon in the 1930s,Pursuing Shangri-Latells a touching story of a young painter enjoyed all the prosperity in the world but suffered from the pressure of real life, to pursue Shangri-La, a spiritual highland symbolizing peace and serenity.

"The biggest difficulty in choreography is the difference in expression between eastern and western dances. Chinese dances such asThousand-Hand GuanyinandPeacock Dance, in line with the Oriental charm that China has been promoting, mainly use the hands of the upper body. However, classical ballet attaches great importance to the strength of toes." Liu Jun said. In order to solve this problem, based on the leg characteristics of ballet, unique Tibetan dances such as Reba Dance, Xianzi Dance, Guoxie and Guozhuo have been specially designed for dancers' hands. Moreover, Tibetan plucking, bowstring and percussion instruments such as Zamnie, Niujiaohu and Balang Drum also have been introduced. In addition, the background of the play also uses prayer flags, and Tibetan original ecological tunes are incorporated into the arrangement, music and clothing.

Pursuing Shangri-Lahas aroused great repercussions after its launch. At present, it has performed more than 100 performances, of which more than 50 have been performed abroad.

In recent years, under the leadership of Liu Jun, Chongqing Ballet Theater has produced more and more excellent works, their original ballets such asRipple on Stagnant WaterandTetralogy of Chongqing's Mountain and Water, which incorporated elements of Sichuan opera, have also received favorable comments at home and abroad. It is Liu Jun's ballet dream to tell Chinese stories and interpret Eastern beauty in Western artistic forms.